HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-522 DiMedioDear Mr. Potash:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 11, 1999
Charles Potash, Esquire
Wisler, Pearlstine, Talone, Craig, Garrity & Potash, LLP
484 Norristown Road, Ste. 100
Blue Bell, PA 19422 -2326
FAX: (717) 787 -0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.Da.us • e- mail; ethics @state.pa.us
99 -522
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Technology Coordinator; School District;
Immediate Family; Daughter; Business; Employee; Business with which Associated;
Contract; Purchase.
This responds to your letter of January 26 and February 18, 1999 by which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. §1101 gt sep. presents any prohibition or restrictions upon the technology
coordinator of a school district as to recommending or issuing purchase orders to a
business which employs her daughter.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Lower Merion School District ( "School District "), you
have been authorized by Virginia M. DiMedio ( "DiMedio ") to request an advisory on her
behalf.
DiMedio, as the Technology Coordinator for the School District, recommends
purchases and issues purchase orders for equipment and software from various
companies.
DiMedio's daughter, Heather, works for a company which sells computers and
software to school districts. You state that this company is very reputable and provides
excellent service.
You ask for an advisory from the State Ethics Commission as to whether DiMedio,
as Technology Coordinator for the School District, may recommend purchases or issue
purchase orders for equipment and software from the company which employs her
daughter. Additionally, you ask if the School District is permitted to deal with the
company which employs DiMedio's daughter. You state that Heather will not receive any
direct benefits if the School District purchases equipment or software from the company
which employs her.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
Potash 99 -522
March 11, 1999
Page 2
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As Technology Coordinator for Lower Merion School District, Virginia M. DiMedio
( "DiMedia ") is a public employee as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence she
is subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or which affects
to the same degree a class consisting of the general public or
a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other
group which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he
or a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual power
provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother or
sister.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company, joint
stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any business
in which the person or a member of the person's immediate
family is a director, officer, owner, employee or has a financial
interest.
Potash, 99 -522
March 11, 1999
Page 3
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or his
spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person who
has been awarded a contract with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated,
unless the contract has been awarded through an open and
public process, including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered and contracts
awarded. In such a case, the public official or public employee
shall not have any supervisory or overall responsibility for the
implementation or administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the contract or
subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(f).
Section 1103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental body
permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1103(f) requires that an "open and
public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental body. Pursuant to
Section 1 103(f), an "open and public process" includes:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be able
to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Potash, 99 -522
March 11, 1999
Page 4
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act also requires that the public official /employee
may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be permitted
to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein.
In the case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official /employee
to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and
by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
As to the specific inquiries you have posed, the question of whether the School
District may deal with or purchase equipment or software cannot be addressed. The Ethics
Act governs the conduct of public officials, public employees, candidates, and, to a limited
extent, people who deal with the foregoing. The Ethics Act does not regulate
governmental bodies.
As a public employee, the conduct of DiMedio is subject to the Ethics Act.
DiMedio's daughter is a member of her "immediate family" as that term is defined in the
Ethics Act. The company which sells computers /software is a business with which
DiMedio's daughter is associated in that she is employed by that company. Accordingly,
that company is a business with which a member of DiMedio's immediate family is
associated under the Ethics Act. See, 65 Pa.C.S. §1102 quoted above.
DiMedio would have a conflict as to the company that employs her daughter and
could not recommend or issue purchase orders as to that company. Similarly, DiMedio
could not make recommendations against competing companies where such action would
as a result ensure that the company which employs her daughter would obtain a contract
by the elimination of competitors. It is not relevant under the Ethics Act that neither
Potash, 99 -522
March 11, 1999
Page 5
DiMedio nor her daughter would benefit from the transactions. As to matters involving
that company, DiMedio must recuse herself and observe the disclosure requirements of
Section 1103(j). In addition, as to any contract of $500 or more between the School
District and the company that employs DiMedio's daughter, Section 1103(f) would require
an open and public process, as detailed above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the
Public School Code.
Conclusion: As the Technology Coordinator for Lower Merion School District,
DiMedio is a public employee subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 EI fgg. Under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act, DiMedio has a conflict as to a business with which a member of her immediate family
is associated, could not participate as detailed above, and must observe the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j). In addition, for any contract of $500 or more between
that business and the School District, the requirements of Section 1103(f) must be
satisfied. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13. 2(h ). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
erely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel
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