HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-545 ErbKenelm L. Shirk, III, Esquire
115 South State Street
Ephrata, PA 17522 -2412
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 17, 1998
98 -545
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Authority Member; Compensation;
Appointment; Employment Positions; Performance of Services; Independent
Contractor.
Dear Mr. Shirk:
This responds to your letter of March 13, 1998 by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon members of a municipal sewer authority with regard to
setting compensation for meeting attendance; appointing members to employment
positions and setting their compensation without the participation /vote of such
individuals; and /or setting a uniform rate of compensation for performance of services
by members.
Facts: As Solicitor for the Georgetown Area Sewer Authority (Authority) you have
been authorized by three Members of the Authority, specifically, John Graybill, Bob
Keene, and Charlie Erb, to request an advisory on their behalf from the State Ethics
Commission as to the following.
The Authority is a Pennsylvania Municipal Authority incorporated by the Bart
Township Board of Supervisors. Its membership is made up of Bart Township residents
who are appointed by the Township Board of Supervisors. The Authority conducts the
operations of collection and treatment of sanitary sewage.
You pose the following specific inquiries:
1) Whether the Authority, pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipality
Authorities Act, may set compensation for each of its current members for
attending meetings by a vote under the "Rule of Necessity ";
2) Whether the Authority, pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipality
Authorities Act, may appoint members to employment positions on behalf
of the Authority and set their compensation, without the participation or
vote of the person for whom the compensation is being set; and
Shirk, 98 -545
April 17, 1998
Page 2
3) Whether the Authority, by a "Rule of Necessity" vote, may set a uniform
rate of compensation for performance of services by each current Board
member by and on behalf of the Authority.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(11) of the Ethics
Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense to
the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
It is further initially noted that pursuant to the same aforesaid Sections of the
Ethics Law, this advisory only addresses the conduct of those individuals who have
specifically given you their permission to submit your inquiry on their behalf. As to all
others, you are considered a third party without legal standing. According to the minutes
of the meeting which you submitted, you have the express permission of the aforesaid
three Members of the Authority to submit your inquiry. Consequently, this advisory is
limited to addressing the conduct of those three Members.
As Members of the Georgetown Area Sewer Authority (Authority), John Graybill,
Bob Keene and Charlie Erb are public officials as that term is defined in the Public Official
and Employe Ethics Law ( "Ethics Law "), and hence they are subject to the provisions of
that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a de minimis
economic impact or which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which includes the public
official or public employee, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual power
provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to the
performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
Smirk, 98 -545
April 17, 1998
Page 3
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. "Contract" shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as one
party and a public official or public employee as the other
party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary, wage,
retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters in
consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public employee or his
spouse or child or any business in which the person or his
spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through an
open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Section 3(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental body
permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 3(f) requires that an
"open and public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental body.
Pursuant to Section 3(f), an "open and public process" includes:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be able
to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public official /employee may
not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Shirk, 98 -545
April 17, 1998
Page 4
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any law,
rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or public employee who
in the discharge of his official duties would be required to
vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of interest
shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being taken,
publicly announce and disclose the nature of his interest, as
a public record in a written memorandum filed with the
person responsible for recording the minutes of the meeting
at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be permitted
to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein.
In the case of a three member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to
break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided
herein.
In each instance of a conflict, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee to
abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by
filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Law, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
Having set forth the above provisions and restrictions of the Ethics Law, your
specific inquiries shall be addressed seriatim.
Your first specific inquiry is whether the Authority may, pursuant to the
Pennsylvania Municipality Authorities Act, set compensation for each current member
for attending meetings by a vote under the "Rule of Necessity." Although the State
Ethics Commission does not have the express statutory jurisdiction to interpret the
Municipality Authorities Act, it would appear that the following provision, on its face,
provides that only the aovernina body of the municinality (such as a Township Board of
Supervisors) may set the salaries for members of a municipal authority:
B. Members... shall receive such salaries as may be determined by
the aoverning body or bodies of the municipality or municipalities, but none
of such salaries shall be increased or diminished by such governing body
or bodies during the term for which the member receiving the same shall
have been appointed....
Shirk, 98 -545
April 17, 1998
Page 5
53 P.S. §309B (Emphasis added). Therefore, the setting of such compensation by the
Authority Members themselves would constitute the use of authority of office for
unauthorized compensation in contravention of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
Your second specific inquiry is whether the Authority may appoint members to
employment positions on behalf of the Authority and set their compensation as long as
such individuals do not participate or vote as to their own appointment /compensation.
Per the State Ethics Commission's holding in Swick /Aman, Opinion No. 91 -006, such
would be allowable under the Ethics Law with regard to legitimate employment
positions.
Your third specific inquiry is whether the Authority, by a "Rule of Necessity" vote,
may set a uniform rate of compensation for performance of services by each current
Board member on behalf of the Authority. It is assumed that you are referring to services
that would not be undertaken in an employment capacity, but rather as an independent
contractor. In this regard, contracting between a public official /public employee and his
own governmental body would generally be subject to the restrictions of Sections 3(a),
3(f) and 3(j) of the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 3(a), a public official /public employee would be prohibited
from using the authority of his public position or confidential information obtained by
being in that position, to solicit or promote business activity between the governmental
body and himself or a business with which he would be associated. Section 3(j) would
require that he abstain from such matters and fully satisfy the disclosure requirements
set forth above.
With regard to Section 3(0, as noted above, that Section of the Ethics Law would
not operate to make contracting with a governmental body permissible where it would
otherwise be prohibited, such as by the Municipality Authorities Act. Rather, Section 3(f)
would operate to impose the additional restrictions set forth above where a public
official /public employee would otherwise be appropriately contracting with his
governmental body, or subcontracting with any person who had been awarded a
contract with his governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more. In such cases,
Section 3(f) would require that an "open and public process" be observed as to the
contract with the governmental body and that the public official /public employee not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility in his public capacity as to the
implementation or administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Parenthetically, although the contracting in question would not be prohibited under
the Ethics Law provided the requirements of Sections 3(a), 3(0 and 3(j) would be
satisfied, it is noted that the Municipality Authorities Act of 1945, as amended, provides
as follows:
§312. Competition in award of contracts
D. No member of the Authority or officer or employee
thereof shall either directly or indirectly be a party to or be in
any manner interested in any contract or agreement with the
Authority for any matter, cause or thing whatsoever by
reason whereof any liability or indebtedness shall in any way
be created against such Authority. If any contract or
agreement shall be made in violation of the provisions of this
section the same shall be null and void and no action shall be
maintained thereon against such Authority.
Shirk, 98 -545
April 17, 1998
Page 6
53 P.S. §312(D).
Since such contracting may be prohibited by the above quoted provision, it is
suggested that legal advice be obtained in that regard.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: As Members of the Georgetown Area Sewer Authority (Authority), John
Graybill, Bob Keene and Charlie Erb are public officials as that term is defined in the
Public Official and Employe Ethics Law ( "Ethics Law "), and hence they are subject to the
provisions of that law. At 53 P.S. §3096, the Municipality Authorities Act provides on
its face that only the governing body of the municipality (such as a Township Board of
Supervisors) may set the salaries for members of a municipal authority. Therefore, the
setting of such compensation by the Authority Members themselves would constitute
the use of authority of office for unauthorized compensation in contravention of Section
3(a) of the Ethics Law. The Authority may appoint members to legitimate employment
positions and set their compensation as long as such individuals do not participate or
vote as to their own appointment /compensation. Although contracting between these
Authority Members and the Authority would not be prohibited under the Ethics Law
itself, provided the requirements of Sections 3(a), 3(f) and 3(j) would be satisfied, it is
noted that such contracting may be prohibited by the Municipality Authorities Act of
1945, and it is suggested that legal advice be obtained in that regard. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to challenge
same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal appearance
before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the
Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the
Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code
§13. 2(h ). The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand delivery, United
States mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file
such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal
of the appeal
cerely,
u
incent . Dop o
Chief Counsel