HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-505 SechristSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
January 23, 1998
John R. Morgan, Esquire
116 -1 Warren Street 98 -505
Tunkhannock, PA 18657
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Township, Auditor, Former Township
Supervisor, Participation in Audit.
Dear Mr. Morgan:
This responds to your letter of December 22, 1997 by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a Township Auditor with regard to participating in the
audit and /or signing the audit for a year in which she previously served as a Township
Supervisor.
Facts: You seek an advisory on behalf of Barbara Sechrist (Sechrist), who is a
newly elected Auditor for Eaton Township. Immediately prior to taking office as an
Auditor (in January, 1998), Sechrist will complete a term as an Eaton Township
Supervisor. You ask whether Sechrist will have a conflict of interest with regard to
participating in the audit and /or signing the audit for the year 1997, a year in which she
served as Supervisor.
You have submitted various memoranda reflecting your view on the issue.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As an Auditor for Eaton Township, Barbera Sechrist (Sechrist) would be
considered a public official as that term is defined in the Public Official and Employe
Morgan /Sechrist, 98 -505
January 23, 1998
Page 2
Ethics Law ( "Ethics Law "), and hence she would be subject to the provisions of that
law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a de• minimis
economic impact or which affects to the same degree a class
consisting of the general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which includes the public
official or public employee, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any law,
rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following procedure
shall be employed. Any public official or public employee
who in the discharge of his official duties would be required
to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of interest
shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being taken,
publicly announce and disclose the nature of his interest, as
a public record in a written memorandum filed with the
person responsible for recording the minutes of the meeting
at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
Mnraan /Sechrist, 98 -505
January 23, 1998
Page 3
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be permitted
to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein.
In the case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to
break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided
herein.
In each instance of a conflict, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee
to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and
by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes
or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Law, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In you have submitted, pursuant oVSe Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public circumstances
al /public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
The element of use of authority of office would be met by the participation in the
audit and /or by the signing of the audit. However, for a conflict of interest to exist, the
element of "private pecuniary benefit" would also have to be established. In this
regard, it is noted that even an attempt to obtain a private pecuniary benefit is sufficient
to establish this element. Taylor, Order 983.
You have not referenced any specific area of concern. Therefore, this Advice is
necessarily limited to providing general guidance and to providing illustrations where
a conflict of interest could arise.
Generally, Sechrist would have a conflict of interest with regard to audits or
portions of audits as to her actions as Supervisor, where such would have a financial
impact upon her.
One example of a situation where a conflict of interest would arise for Sechrist
would be as to portions of the audit which could be subject to a surcharge action.
Obviously, a use of authority of office so as to avoid a surcharge action would meet the
elements for a conflict of interest as set forth above.
Another example where a conflict of interest would arise would be where an
auditor would use the authority of office to conceal a discrepancy as to her prior actions
as a township supervisor.
Morgan /Sechrist, 98 -505
January 23, 1998
Page 4
In each instance of a conflict of interest, Sechrist would be required to abstain
from participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set
forth above. With regard to the abstention requirement, you are advised that the use
of authority of office is more than the mere mechanics of voting and encompasses all
of the tasks needed to perform the functions of a given position. See, Juliante, Order
No. 809. Thus, where a conflict of interest would occur as to an audit, it would be
insufficient to merely abstain from signing the audit. Rather, the public official would
also be required to abstain from participation in that portion of the audit.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve
an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability
of the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: As an Auditor for Eaton Township, Barbara Sechrist (Sechrist) would
be considered a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Sechrist
would have a conflict of interest with regard to audits or portions of audits as to her
actions as Supervisor, where such would have a financial impact upon her. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, Sechrist would be required to abstain from
participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth
above. Where a conflict of interest would occur, it would be 'insufficient to merely
abstain from signing the audit. Rather, Sechrist would also be required to abstain from
participation in that portion of the audit. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the
material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal
appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will be
issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the
Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code §13.2(h 1. The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand
delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787-
0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
incerely,
Vincent J. Dopk6
Chief Counsel