HomeMy WebLinkAbout96-008 BieberElaine Lytle Mead
Deputy Chief Counsel
Department of Labor and Industry
Office of Chief Counsel
1616 Labor and Industry Building
7th and Forster Streets
Harrisburg, PA 17120
Dear Ms. Mead:
1996.
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Austin M. Lee, Vice Chair
Roy W. Wilt
Allan M. Kluger
Boyd E. Wolff
DATE DECIDED: 11/5/96
DATE MAILED: 11/13/96
96 -008
Re: Conflict, Public Employee, Department of Labor and Industry, State Workers'
Insurance Fund, Administrative Officer III, Contract, Business with which
Associated, Spouse.
This Opinion is issued in response to your advisory request on September 30,
I. ISSUE:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents any prohibition
or restrictions upon an Administrative Officer with the State Workers' Insurance Fund,
Department of Labor and Industry as to contracted services by a business owned by
her spouse.
11. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
As Deputy Chief Counsel for the Department of Labor and Industry (L &I), State
Workers' Insurance Fund (SWIF), L &I requests an advisory as to the conduct of its
employee, Sandra A. Bieber (Bieber).
Your specific inquiry relates to SWIF contracts for out -of -state claim
investigation services (SPC 237486) and surveillance services (SPC 230139).
In 1995, SWIF issued a request for proposals (RFP) for a contract to provide
out -of -state claim investigation services (SWIF RFP- 6 -95). SWIF ultimately rejected
Mead /Bieber, 96 -008
November 7, 1996
Page 2
all of the proposals because a weighting of 40% for cost and 60% for technical quality
had been used in the RFP evaluation, rather than the usual weighting of 50% for cost
and 50% for technical quality.
SWIF refused to consider a proposal submitted by Bieber & Associates under
SWIF RFP -6 -95 because it was not timely submitted. Your understanding is that a
messenger for Bieber & Associates delivered the proposal a few minutes late. The
messenger stated that he was at the reception area at the proper time but no one was
there to accept the proposal. SWIF denies this assertion and contends that the
messenger was simply late.
Because all of the submitted proposals for SWIF RFP -6 -95 were rejected, SWIF
issued another RFP for a contract to provide out -of -state claim investigation services
(SWIF RFP- 3 -96). Six proposals were submitted and disqualified except for one
submitted by "Bieber & Associates, Inc. for Risk Management Services." The six
proposals were reviewed by a committee of five SWIF employees. Prior to that
review, the committee had determined that in order for the contract to be awarded,
a bidder must receive a technical score of at least 243 points. Four of the six bidders
did not meet the minimum qualification. The fifth bidder was disqualified because it
submitted a non - responsive cost proposal by adding a charge of $25 per hour for
travel time above and beyond its cost proposal. Your understanding is that if this
travel charge were included in the cost proposal, the cost to SWIF would have been
significantly higher than the cost proposed by Risk Management Services. Thus, the
fifth bidder would have been the low bidder only if its cost proposal without the travel
charge would have been considered.
In early June, 1996 the contract was awarded to "Bieber & Associates, Inc., for
Risk Management Services." No other contracts were awarded and no other contracts
are currently in effect for out -of -state claims investigation services. A contract (SPC
237486) in the amount of $1.2 million, effective July 1, 1996 through June 30,
1998, is currently being routed for the necessary signatures and approvals on behalf
of the Commonwealth .
Bieber's spouse George is the owner of Bieber & Associates, Inc. Risk
Management Services, a division of Bieber & Associates, is not a separate corporate
entity and is a registered fictitious name of Bieber & Associates. John Appleton, the
attorney for Bieber & Associates, advised that Bieber is not an owner, nor is she an
officer or director of Bieber & Associates.
In late June, 1996, Bieber became employed by L &I as an Administrative Officer
III (AO3) with SWIF. Bieber had previously been employed by the Department of
Public Welfare for several years prior to her transfer to SWIF. As an A03 with SWIF,
Bieber is responsible for SWIF's fraud unit and supervises staff engaged in the
investigation of fraud and abuse, including underwriting investigations, claimant
investigations, provider investigations, and service provider investigations. A copy of
Bieber's job description has been obtained which is incorporated herein by reference.
It is possible that, in the course of her duties, Bieber may recommend that an
out -of -state investigation be initiated in connection with a matter which has been
referred to her as a case of potential fraud. Such investigations would be performed
by Risk Management Services under SPC 237486.
Mead /Bieber 96 -008
November 7, 1996
Page 3
You believe that from 1993 through 1995, 217 potential instances of fraud
were referred to SWIF's fraud unit. Only 10 of those cases related to persons or
entities residing or located outside of Pennsylvania. Referrals from the fraud unit
constitute only a portion of the referrals made under the out -of -state claim
investigation contract; referrals are made for other SWIF program purposes which are
unrelated to the activities of the fraud unit.
Bieber does not have any supervision or overall responsibility for the
implementation or administration of SPC 237486. It is your understanding that
SWIF's Claims Division administers the contract and Bieber does not work in that
Division. Although you believe that Bieber is not authorized to make any direct
referrals, she would make a recommendation to her supervisor who would decide
whether to refer a matter to Risk Management Services for an out -of -state claim
investigation.
SWIF has also entered into a contract with Bieber & Associates to provide
surveillance services in SWIF Zone 2 (Pottsville, Sunbury, and Scranton). This contract
(SPC 230139) is in the amount of $100,000 for the period March 1, 1996 through
February 28, 1998 and is fully executed and approved. SPC 230139 and several
other contracts were awarded pursuant to an RFP process.
Just as with SPC 237486, Bieber may recommend surveillance as to a potential
fraud case which has been referred to her. If such surveillance were to be performed
in SWIF Zone 2, it would be performed by Bieber & Associates under SPC 230139.
SPC 230139 covers only a small portion of Pennsylvania. Of the 217 potential
instances of fraud which were referred to SWIF from 1993 to 1995, only 17 of those
were related to persons or entities located in SWIF Zone 2. Bieber does not have any
supervisory or overall responsibility with respect to the implementation or
administration of the contract; referrals from the fraud unit constitute only a portion
of the referrals made under the surveillance contract. Bieber would not make the
referrals but would recommend to her supervisor that such referrals be made.
You request an advisory as to whether the above situation constitutes a
violation of the Ethics Law for Bieber. You state that pending receipt of this advisory,
Bieber will recuse herself from any matter which may result in services being requested
under SPC 237486 or SPC 230139 and will immediately refer such matters to her
supervisor who will initiate and supervise all activities so that Bieber will have no role
whatsoever with respect to such matters.
At the public meeting on November 5, 1996 you, Ralph Chase (phonetic), John
Paniterri (phonetic), and Bieber appeared as to SWIF. In addition, Bieber's attorney,
Judy Price and George Bieber and his attorney, John Appleton (phonetic) appeared.
You offered the following additional information.
The contract awarded to Bieber & Associates was incorrectly stated as for Zorie
II when in fact the contract covers the Zone III area. In addition, in Zone III there are
four contracts in place with recommendations made by Bieber's supervisor to the
District Administrator who makes assignments on a rotational basis. As to 1996, the
statistics on referrals are consistent with the above numbers.
Mead /Bieber, 96 -008
November 7, 1996
Page 4
Finally, you posed two questions as to whether Bieber may continue to serve
as a public employee in SWIF, L &I and second whether the contracts which Bieber &
Associates have with SWIF remain viable.
III. DISCUSSION.:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(11) of the Ethics Law,
65 P.S. §§407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted, this Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As an Administrative Officer III for the Department of Labor and Industry, State
Workers' Insurance Fund, Bieber is a public employee as that term is defined under the
Ethics Law, and hence she is subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
Mead /Bieber, 96 -008
November 7, 1996
Page 5
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public employee or his
spouse or child or any business in which the person or his
spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
The above provision of the Ethics Law requires that an open and public process
must be used in all situations where a public official /employee, spouse, child or their
business contracts with his own governmental body, or subcontracts with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental body, in an amount of
$500.00 or more. This open and public process would require that the following be
observed as to the contract with the governmental body:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor/ applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered and;
Mead /Bieber 96 -008
November 7, 1996
Page 6
(4) public disclosure of the contract offered, awarded and accepted.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law also requires that the public official /employee may
not have any supervision or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public employee to abstain and to
publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a
written memorandum to that effect with his supervisor.
In this case, Bieber would have a conflict under the Ethics Law as to any matter
involving Bieber & Associates including the contract services. Even though Bieber may
not have any financial interest in Bieber & Associates , it is a business owned by
Bieber's spouse. Hence, Bieber & Associates is a business with which a member of
Bieber's immediate family is associated as that term is defined under the Ethics Law.
Bieber cannot use any confidential information or the authority of office, her position,
for a pecuniary benefit to Bieber & Associates. Bieber's conflict under Section 3(a)
would prohibit her from having any involvement in matters with Bieber & Associates,
as for example, where a recommendation for a referral would be made to have Bieber
& Associates perform services under these contracts with SWIF. See, Spiegelman,
Opinion 91 -01 1. Bieber must recuse herself and satisfy the disclosure requirements
of Section 3(j).
Mead /Bieber 96 -008
November 7, 1996
Page 7
As to Section 3(f), the contracting provision applies in this case. Since the
contracts to Bieber & Associates were through an RFP process, it would appear that
the "open and public process" requirements have been satisfied. Section 3(f) directs
that Bieber may have no supervision or responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of such contracts.
As to the two questions posed, the Ethics Law would n_Qt preclude Bieber from
continuing her employment with SWIF, L &I. Second, the contracts with Bieber &
Associates are not vitiated by the Ethics Law. Even if there were a problem under
Section 3(f), which we do not find in this case given that the RFP process was an
open and public one, it is the province of the courts, but not this Commission, to void
such contracts. 65 P.S. §403(f).
Bieber must conform her conduct with the restrictions noted above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed is the
Governor's Code of Conduct or State Adverse Interest Act.
IV. CONCLUSION:
An Administrative Officer in the State Workers' Insurance Fund in the
Department of Labor and Industry is a public employee subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Law. The Administrative Officer has a conflict under Section 3(a) of the Ethics
Law as to matters involving a business owned by her spouse. The Administrative
Officer must recuse herself from such matters and satisfy the disclosure requirements
of Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law. Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law permits contracting
between the business which is owned by her spouse and the State Workers' Insurance
Fund as to contracts which are in excess of $500 and awarded through an open and
public process but prohibits the Administrative Officer from having any supervision or
overall responsibility as to such contracts. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(10), the person who acts in good faith on this opinion
issued to him shall not be subject to criminal or civil penalties for so acting provided
the material facts are as stated in the request.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, any person may request the Commission to reconsider its Opinion. The
reconsideration request must be received at this Commission within thirty days of the
mailing date of this Opinion. The person requesting reconsideration should present a
detailed explanation setting forth the reasons why the Opinion requires reconsideration.
By the Commission,
mission,
A
Daneen E. Reese
Chair