HomeMy WebLinkAbout90-006 SandersMs. Nancy Sirolli
c/o Paula G. Sanders
Duane, Morris & Heckscher
Attorneys at Law
The Payne Shoemaker Building
240 North Third Street
Tenth Floor
P.O. Box 1003
Harrisburg, PA 17108 -1003
Dear Ms. Sirolli:
I. Issue:
Before:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
II. Factual Basis for Determination:
Helena G. Hughes, Chair
Robert W. Brown, Vice Chair
G. Sieber Pancoast
Dennis C. Harrington
James M. Howley
DATE DECIDED: March 30, 1990
DATE MAILED: May 3. 1990
90 - 006
Re: Former Public Employee, Governmental Body, Governmental Body with
Which a Public Official or Public Employee Is or Has Been
Associated, DPW, Division Director, Case Management Program,
Section 3(g), Appeal of Advice of Counsel.
This Opinion is issued pursuant to your appeal of the Advice of
Counsel 89 -589, issued on November 30, 1989.
Whether the former division director of the Case Management
Program in the Department of Public Welfare is limited in representing
a person for a period of one year before the Department of Public
Welfare.
The issue which you presented was originally processed as a
request for an advice of counsel and as a result on November 30, 1989
Advice of Counsel No. 89 -589 was issued. That advice concluded that
Ms. Nancy Sirolli as the former Division Director for the Office of
Case Management Program, hereinafter Office, was restricted for a
period of one year from representing a person before the Department of
Public Welfare, hereinafter DPW.
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 2
On December 15, 1989 the Commission received your letter and
notice of appeal wherein you appealed the above Advice. By letter of
December 21, 1989 you were notified that your appeal would go before
the full Commission and that you would be notified of the date, time
and location of that meeting by separate letter. You were then
notified by letter of January 24, 1990 of the date, time and location
of the public meeting of February 23, 1990. At that meeting you
requested and were granted a continuance. By letter of March 6, 1990,
you received the requisite notice of the meeting of March 30, 1990.
In your appeal of advice you allege that you disagree with the
conclusion of the Advice of Counsel. In particular, you state that as
Division Director of the Case Management Program of DPW you served
within a division of an administrative department. You argue that the
governmental body with which you were associated is limited to the
Office but not DPW, as was determined in the Advice of Counsel.
Since you do not challenge your status as a public employee or
the scope of the term "represent" as set forth in the Advice, but
merely challenge the Advice as to the application of the term
"governmental body with which a public official or public employee is
or has been associated ", we will limit our review to the single issue
that you have raised.
III. Discussion:
As the Division Director in the Office of Case Management
Programs in the Department of Public Welfare, you were a public
employee as that term is defined in the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Law. As such, your conduct is subject to the provisions of
that law. Further, upon termination of service, you would become a
former public employee subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law.
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public
employee shall represent a person, with promised
or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been
associated for one year after he leaves that body.
In addition, the following terms are defined under the Ethics
Law:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been
associated." The governmental body within State
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 3
government or a political subdivision by which the
public official or employee is or has been
employed or to which the public official or
employee is or has been appointed or elected and
subdivisions and offices within that governmental
body.
"Governmental body." Any department,
authority, commission, committee, council, board,
bureau, division, service, office, officer,
administration, legislative body, or other
establishment in the Executive, Legislative or
Judicial Branch of a State, a nation, or a
political subdivision thereof or an agency
performing a governmental function.
To resolve the issue as to whether you would be restricted
merely to the Office or to all of DPW, the focus of our attention must
be directed to the two above quoted definitions.
We note that the definition "Governmental body with which a
public official or public employee is or has been associated" is the
definition that is specifically used within the restrictive language
of Section 3(g).
If we were to merely consider the phrase "Governmental body" you
might have an arguable point that governmental body, would be limited
to a "...division...of...any agency..." To do so would require us to
ignore the other term which is specifically used in Section 3(g). We
are compelled to use the particular phrase used in Section 3(g) rather
than the general phrase "Governmental body."
1 Pa. C.S.A. 1933 specifically provides:
Whenever a general provision in a statute shall
be in conflict with a special provision on the
same or another statute, the two shall be
construed, if possible, so that effect may be
given to both. If the conflict between the two
provisions is irreconcilable, the special
provisions shall prevail and shall be construed as
an exception to the general provision, unless the
general provision shall be enacted later and it
shall be the manifest intention of the General
Assembly that such general provision shall
prevail.
In applying the specific definition to the instant matter, we
conclude that the governmental body with which you were associated is
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 4
DPW which would include the agency (DPW) and the "subdivisions and
offices" therein.
We must effectuate the intent of the General Assembly as to Act 9
of 1989. 1 Pa. C.S.A. 1921 (a), infra. Even if we were to assume
that a question existed as to the interpretation of the above
definitional phrase, 1 Pa. C.S.A. 1921(c) provides, in part:
(c) When the words of the statute are not
explicit, the intention of the General Assembly
may be ascertained by considering, among other
matters:
(1) The occasion and necessity for the statute.
(2) The circumstances under which it wa enacted.
(3) The mischief to be remedied.
(4) The object to be attained.
(5) The former law, if any, including other statues
upon the same or similar subjects.
It is further provided in 1 Pa. C.S.A. 1922(5):
(5) That the General Assembly intends to favor the public
interest as against any private interest.
Under Act 170 of 1978, this Commission did narrowly limit the
former governmental body to only that subdivision wherein the former
public official /employee exercised responsibility, control and
influence. Ewing, Opinion 79 -010.
Act 9 of 1989 amended Act 170 of 1978 by changing the law
regarding the one year representation restriction. Definitions were
also added relative to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. In applying
the criteria of 1 Pa. C.S.A. 1921(c) quoted above, it is clear that
the General Assembly disagreed with the interpretations placed upon
the former Section 3(e) by this Commission.
During our sunset review process and during the debate on House
Bill 75, criticism was made about our prior decisions regarding the
narrow interpretation applied to the term governmental body. In
particular, the Report of the House Judiciary Committee on the Sunset
Evaluation and Review of the Pennsylvania Ethics Commission dated
September 28, 1987 contained the following:
The term "governmental body" has been
interpreted by the Commission in a manner which
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 5
may make the "revolving door" provisions of the
Act less restrictive than intended. The Committee
suggests that consideration be given to a
definition of the term, "governmental body with
which a public official or public employee is or
has been associated."
As to House Bill 75, on February 15, 1989, an amendment was
offered to the definition of "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" to include the
phrase "and subdivisions and offices within that entity." The
fallowing commentary by the primary sponsor of the language reflects
the reason for the amendment which was subsequently adopted:
This amendment deals with a narrow situation
which we discovered in hearings on this subject in
the Judiciary Committee last session.
Employees, for instance, of the Pennsylvania
Department of Transportation who worked for one
engineering district were found by a decision of
the Ethics Commission to be able to, immediately
upon retiring or leaving employment, represent
clients in practice with other parts of the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation,
including their neighboring engineering district.
We sought to make particularly clear that when we
are prohibiting for 1 year that revolving -door
kind of conduct, we are dealing not only with a
particular subdivision of an agency or a local
government but the entire unit, and my language
simply makes it clear in the definition of
"governmental body" that we are including
subdivisions and offices within that entity.
Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15
at 290, 191.
Subsequently, on June 12, 1989 the phraseology of the definition
was again amended to delete the word "entity" and substitute
"governmental body ". The latter amendment was made in Senate
Committee without comment.
After a review of relevant factors and provisions of law it is
our conclusion that the General Assembly has thus amended the
definition at issue with the intent to broaden that definition to
include the entire governmental body and not merely the subdivisions
therein. Since the General Assembly has duly enacted this change, we
must carry out the legislative intent. 1 Pa. C.S.A. 1921(a) provides
in part:
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 6
(a) The object of all interpretation and
construction of statutes is to ascertain and
effectuate the intention of the General Assembly.
See also 1 Pa. C.S.A. 1901.
You, however, argue that the amendments contained in Act 9 of
1989 intended to rectify uncertainties as to what constituted the
former governmental body by providing an "employment" test. In
particular, you assert that you worked and were associated with the
Office and that employer would be your governmental body. The
governmental body in your view would include any subdivisions within
that governmental body (employer).
Even if we were to accept the proffered "employer" test, such
would be unavailing because you were employed by DPW and not the
Office. You argue that such an interpretation would render the
phraseology "and subdivisions and offices within that governmental
body" as surplusage. We believe that such language was added for the
reason set forth in the amendment: "...my language simply made it
clear in the definition of 'governmental body' that we are including
subdivision and offices within that entity." Id.
If we do not accept the "employer" test, you assert that
governmental body could be extended to all offices under the
Governor's jurisdiction. Such an argument is without merit because
the definition references "Ct]he governmental body within state
government..." (Emphasis added). The above definition clearly would
limit you to DPW as your former governmental body but not all agencies
under the Governor.
You suggest that the Advice is arbitrary because if you were
employed by the Department of Health, then you would not be restricted
as to DPW. Your argument overlooks the obvious that, in your
hypothetical, you would be restricted from the entire Department of
Health.
After referencing the general definition of "Governmental body ",
you emphasize that the phrase specifically includes a "...bureau,
division, service, office..." Although such definition includes the
above, it also includes "department." The reason for such an all
encompassing definition relates to its multi - functional use throughout
our Act. For example, Section 5(7) of the Ethics Law excludes listing
expenses for travel and lodging if reimbursed by the governmental
body." The fact that the definition includes, inter alia, a "nation"
illustrates the diverse usage of this definition. As we noted above,
we must confine our consideration to the specific definition that is
used
It is argued that because HS 75 was amended in Senate Committee,
the legislative debate may not be used to indicate intent since the
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 7
Senate intended to change the definition. Although we may accept that
the Senate wanted to make a change, such action could have occurred
for any number of reasons. Further, it does not follow that such
action was taken to effectuate a substantive change in the
definition, as opposed to one of clarification. In that we do not
have the benefit of any official Senate commentary, we must follow the
espoused intent when the amendment was submitted in the House.
1 Pa. C.S.A. 1939 provides in this regard:
The comments or report of the commission,
committee, association or other entity which
drafted a statute may be consulted in the
construction or application of the original
provisions of the statute if such comments or
report were published or otherwise generally
available prior to the consideration of the
statute by the General Assembly, but the text of
the statute shall control in the event of conflict
between its text and such comments or report.
If indeed the intent of the senate amendment was to insure that
the Commission continued to construe the one year representation
restriction as it had in the past, then such could have been clearly
stated or more likely the definition of "governmental body with which
a public official or public employee is or has been associated" could
have been deleted completely. Such was not done and thus, we must
determine why the phrase "and subdivisions and offices with" was left
intact. We must conclude that there was an intent to more strictly
require a former official or employee's conduct in accordance with the
House commentary. The General Assembly does not intend surplusage in
its enactments. Habecker v. Nationwide Insurance Company. 299 Pa.
Super 463, 445 A.2d 1222 (1982).
Finally, it is argued that using the "top rung" of a body does
not comport with the overall intent of Section 3(g) in restricting
representation to only the area where influence and control existed.
Since our determinations under Act 170 of 1978 limited a former
public official /employee's governmental body to the area of influence
and control and since the General Assembly changed the law, we must
adhere to those amendatory provisions. In this case, based upon the
definition in Act 9 of 1989 and the legislative intent, we must
conclude the that your governmental body is DPW.
We also note that we have an six occasions since the passage of
Act 9 of 1989 applied the provisions of Section 3(g) to determine
what constituted a former public official /employee's governmental
body.
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 8
In Popovich, Opinion 89 -005, we determined that a public employee
who worked in a district office of PennDot was restricted for a period
of one year after termination of service to all of PennDot.
The application of former governmental body was extended further
in Nixon, Opinion 89 -006. In the cited case, the public employee
served as the marketing director in the Department of General Service
(DGS). Because the influence and input of the marketing director
extended beyond DGS, we found that the former governmental body
included all of DGS but could also extend to other agencies as well.
In confidential Opinion, 89 -019, we opined that the former
governmental body of a public employee who worked in the director's
office of a municipality extended to the municipality and not merely
the director's office.
In Morris, Opinion 89 -026 we found that a former member of the
Pennsylvania Health Care Cost Containment Council was restricted for a
one year period from representing a person before that Council.
In Pollock, Opinion 89 -031, we decided that the former
governmental body of a Pittsburgh City Councilmember was not merely
limited to Council but to the entire City of Pittsburgh including
other government units and authorities in Pittsburgh.
Parenthetically our decision in the cited case resulted in part from
testimony from the Councilmember as to the inter connection and
commingling of functions as to the various governmental units within
the City of Pittsburgh.
Finally, in Hitt, Opinion, 90 -005, we determined that the former
manager of the Commercial and Industrial Section of the Office of the
Director of Assessments of Allegheny County was restricted under
Section 3 (g) of the Ethics Law from representing a person not only
before that body but also the County Board of Property Assessment,
Appeals and Review.
Based upon the clear language of the Ethics Law with its
accompany definitions, the legislative intent and the prior precedent
of this Commission under Act 9 of 1989, we conclude that the
governmental body of Ms. Sirolli is DPW.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law. Accordingly, the Advice of Counsel is
affirmed.
IV. Conclusion:
The Division Director of the Case Management Program in the
Department of Public Welfare (DPW) is a public employee subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Law. Upon termination of service, the
Ms. Nancy Sirolli
Page 9
director would be restricted for a period of one year from
representing a person before the former governmental body, DPW. The
Advice of Counsel is affirmed.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this Opinion is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and
evidence of good faith conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding,
providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the advice
given.
such.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, any person may request the Commission to reconsider its
Opinion. The reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of the mailing date of this Opinion.
The person requesting reconsideration should present a detailed
explanation setting forth the reasons why the Opinion requires
reconsideration.
By th Commission,
lena G. Hughes
Chair