HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-559 DavisADVICE OF COUNSEL
May 21, 2002
Janice D. Davis
Secretary of Financial Oversight
and Finance Director
City of Philadelphia
Office of the Director of Finance
1401 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Room 1330, Municipal Services Bldg.
Philadelphia, PA 19102 -1693
Re: Public Employee; FIS; Procurement and Revenue Departments; City of
Philadelphia.
Dear Ms. Davis:
02 -559
This responds to your letter dated April 17, 2002, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether employees of the Procurement and Revenue Departments of the
Gi yy of Philadelphia would be considered "public employees" subject to the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act (the "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 et seq., and the
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, and particularly, the requiremen s for filing
Statements of Financial Interests.
Facts: As a member of the Mayor's Cabinet in the position of Secretary of
iF nancial Oversight and Finance Director of the City of Philadelphia ( "City "), you seek
an advisory as to whether individuals holding the positions below ( "City Employees ") are
"public employees" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics
Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. §1102; 51 Pa. Code 11.1. You specifically question
whether the City Employees are required to file Statements of Financial Interests
( "FIS's ").
Procurement Department: Procurement Technician! and II
Procurement Technician Supervisors
Department of Revenue: Tax and Revenue Conferee Supervisor
Tax and Revenue Conferee
Collection Customer Representative Supervisor
Revenue Examiner I, II and III
Revenue Examiner Trainee
Tax Assessor
Revenue Investigation Supervisor
Revenue Investigator
Davis, 02 -559
May21, 2002
Page 2
You have submitted a copy of the job description for each of the above positions
along with a copy of the organization chart for the City of Philadelphia, Procurement
Department and Department of Revenue, which documents are incorporated herein by
reference.
You state that the Procurement Department, as the central purchasing and
materials management agency for the City, is responsible for the purchasing of all
goods and services, including construction projects and concessions, which by law,
must be obtained through an open, fair and competitive process. The Procurement
Technician series are job titles that are only in the City's Procurement Department. You
further state that the Department of Revenue collects all revenue due to the City and tax
revenue due to the School District of Philadelphia, playing a key role in analyzing and
forecasting revenue.
For the past few years, some of the City Employees have failed to complete
FIS's. On the advice of their union, AFSCME, District Council #47, Local 2187, those
City Employees have submitted blank FIS forms along with a copy of a letter from the
law firm representing the union to the City's Law Department. You state that the letter
from the law firm was triggered by an inquiry from the union as to whether certain
employees are within the purview of the State Ethics Act. You further state that the
union objected to informing the City Employees of the requirement to file disclosure
forms. In response, the City's Law Department stated that it is the employee's
responsibility to obtain an exemption from the State Ethics Commission. You have
submitted a copy of the letter from the union's law firm and a copy of the letter from the
City's Law Department, which letters are incorporated herein by reference.
Neither the City Employees nor the union has taken any steps to request an
opinion from the State Ethics Commission. Therefore, on behalf of the City of
Philadelphia, you request an advice or opinion as to the obligations of the City
Employees under the Ethics Act. You state that the City also requests an opinion on
what the City's enforcement responsibilities are and whether the City has a clear duty in
law to enforce the filing requirement.
Discussion: The Ethics Act defines the term "public employee" as follows:
§1102. Definitions.
"Public employee." Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible
for taking or recommending official action of a nonministerial
nature with regard to:
1) contracting or procurement;
2 administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or auditing
any person; or
(5) any other activity where the official action
has an economic impact of greater than a
de minimis nature on the interests of any
person.
The term shall not include individuals who are employed by
this Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof in
teaching as distinguished from administrative duties.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
Davis, 02 -559
May21, 2002
Page 3
The
employee"
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission similarly define the term "public
and set forth the following additional criteria:
(ii) The following criteria will be used, in part, to
determine whether an individual is within the definition of
"public employe ":
(A) The individual normally performs his
responsibility in the field without onsite supervision.
(B) The individual is the immediate supervisor of a
person who normally performs his responsibility in the field
without onsite supervision.
(C) The individual is the supervisor of a highest level
field office.
(D) The individual has the authority to make final
decisions.
(E) The individual has the authority to forward or
stop recommendations from being sent to the person or
body with the authority to make final decisions.
(F) The individual prepares or supervises the
preparation of final recommendations.
(G) The individual makes final technical recommen-
dations.
(H) The individual's recommendations or actions are
an inherent and recurring part of his position.
(I) The individual's recommendations or actions
affect organizations other than his own organization.
(iii) The term does not include individuals who are
employed by the Commonwealth or a political subdivision of the
Commonwealth in teaching as distinguished from administrative
duties.
(iv) Persons in the following positions are generally
considered public employes:
(A) Executive and special directors or assistants
reporting directly to the agency head or governing body.
(B) Commonwealth bureau directors, division chiefs
or heads of equivalent organization elements and other
governmental body department heads.
(C) Staff attorneys engaged in representing the
department, agency or other governmental bodies.
(D) Engineers, managers and secretary - treasurers
acting as managers, police chiefs, chief clerks, chief
purchasing agents, grant and contract managers,
administrative officers, housing and building inspectors,
Davis, 02 -559
May21, 2002
Page 4
investigators, auditors, sewer enforcement officers and
zoning officers in all governmental bodies.
(E) Court administrators, assistants for fiscal affairs
and deputies for the minor judiciary.
(F) School superintendents, assistant
superintendents, school business managers and principals.
(G) Persons who report directly to heads of
executive, legislative and independent agencies, boards and
commissions except clerical personnel.
(v) Persons in the following positions are generally
not considered public employes:
(A) City clerks, other clerical staff, road masters,
secretaries, police officers, maintenance workers,
construction workers, equipment operators and recreation
directors.
(B) Law clerks, court criers, court reporters,
probation officers, security guards and writ servers.
(C) School teachers and clerks of the schools.
51 Pa. Code §11.1.
Status as a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act is determined by applying
the above definition and criteria to the position held. The focus is necessarily upon the
position itself, and not upon the individual incumbent in the position, the variable
functions of the position, or the manner in which a particular individual occupying the
position may carry out those functions. See, Phillips v. State Ethics Commission, 470
A.2d 659 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1984); and [ V . v. Ranck, 531 Fed. Supp. 402 (E.D.
Pa. 1982). Furthermore, the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania has directed that
coverage under the Ethics Act be construed broadly and that exclusions under the
Ethics Act be construed narrowly. See, Phillips, supra.
Based upon the above judicial directives, the provisions of the Ethics Act, the
State Ethics Commission Regulations, and the opinions of the State Ethics
Commission, in light of the duties and responsibilities of the City Employees, the
necessary conclusion is that they are a "public employee" subject to the financial
reporting and disclosure requirements of the Ethics Act.
It is clear that in the City Employees' capacities as employees of the
Procurement and Revenue Departments for the City of Philadelphia, they have the
ability to take or recommend official action with respect to subparagraphs (1), (4), and
5 within the definition of "public employee" as set forth in the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S.
§1102.
The job responsibilities of a Procurement Technician I fall within subparagraph
(1), relating to contracting or procurement, in that said job responsibilities include
purchasing general commodities or awarding public works contracts in the City's Central
Agency; and interacting with contractors, the public and other officials to resolve
procurement related issues.
Similarly, the job responsibilities of a Procurement Technician II also fall within
subparagraph (1). Those job duties include purchasing general commodities or
awarding public works construction contracts; and interacting with contractors, the
Davis, 02 -559
May21, 2002
Page 5
public and other officials to resolve procurement related issues. In addition, a
Procurement Technician II is responsible for developing purchasing specifications and
standards, which fall within the ambit of subparagraph (5) relating to any activity where
the official action has an economic impact of greater than a de minimis nature on the
interests of any person.
A Procurement Technical Supervisor is responsible for supervising either a group
of technicians developing purchasing specifications and standards and purchasing
general commodities or awarding public works construction contracts; supervising a
procurement operation in the City's Central purchasing agency; and interacting with
governmental officials, contractors and the public to resolve procurement related issues,
all of which job duties fall within subparagraph (1) relating to contracting or
procurement.
The job duties of a Revenue Examiner I entail auditing work of limited scope and
difficulty in the examination of accounting and other business records for the purpose of
determining tax liabilities. In this position, the employee has a controlling responsibility
for assigned audits. These job responsibilities fall within subparagraph (4) relating to
taking or recommending official action of a nonministerial nature with regard to auditing
any person.
The job duties of a Revenue Examiner II also satisfy subparagraph (4) given that
an employee in this class is responsible for auditing work at the full performance level
examining accounting and other business records to determine tax liabilities of
individuals and business firms. An employee in this class has controlling responsibility
for assigned audits.
The job duties of a Revenue Examiner III include auditing work supervising a
group of revenue examiners in the examination of accounting and other business
records for the purpose of determining tax liabilities. Employees in this class participate
in supervising the City's tax auditing program. The responsibilities of a person in this
class fall within subparagraph (4) relating to auditing any person.
A Revenue Examiner Trainee's job duties fall within subparagraph (4) in that they
involve auditing work of a training nature developing "knowledges," skills and abilities in
the examination of accounting and other business records for the purpose of
determining tax liabilities. A person in this position is responsible for the performance of
assigned audits or segments of such audits.
A Tax and Revenue Conferee's responsibilities include administrative and
adjudicative work resolving disputed tax and revenue collection cases, providing
advisory services to City officials relative to the formulation of new or modification of tax
laws and ordinances, evaluating tax and revenue cases appealed by the public
concerning assessments levied by the City, applying the appropriate tax ordinances and
regulations in rendering decisions, and conferring with taxpayers and their
representatives to resolve disputed cases and to effect compromise settlements, so as
to fall within the ambit of subparagraph (5).
A Tax and Revenue Conferee Supervisor's job duties fall within subparagraph (5)
in that they include supervisory and administrative and adjudicative work directing a
staff engaged in a tax information dissemination program and reviewing subordinates'
proposed resolution settlements of disputed tax cases. A person in this class is also
responsible for the technical post review of audit assessments.
The job duties of a Collection Customer Representative Supervisor include
supervising collection customer representatives engaged in the collection of bills,
delinquencies, interest and penalties for a major type of City revenue, and supervising
Davis, 02 -559
May21, 2002
Page 6
the establishment of payment agreements to effect the collection of delinquent revenue,
which fall within the ambit of subparagraph (5).
A Tax Assessor's job responsibilities fall within subparagraph (5) in that they
entail tax assessment work determining liability for business and earnings taxes payable
to municipal government and /or the school district, reviewing financial documents to
assess tax liabilities, and contacting taxpayers and /or their representatives to discuss
findings and resolve questions relating to the determination of tax liabilities.
A Revenue Investigations Supervisor's job responsibilities satisfy subparagraph
(5) in that they involve supervisory revenue field investigation work directing the
investigation of various tax and /or water /sewer delinquencies, supervising subordinate
field investigators engaged in gathering facts in order to effect the collection of revenues
owed the City and /or School Board, assigning and reviewing the investigation of non -tax
filers and delinquent taxpayers or water /sewer delinquent customer accounts, and
providing technical assistance to subordinates relating to the investigation of cases
which serve as a basis for further actions of others.
Finally, a Revenue Investigator's work involves field work investigating tax and /or
water /sewer delinquents, gathering facts in order to effect the collection of revenues
owed the City and /or School Board, arranging for payment of delinquent taxes and
water /sewer rents, all of which duties satisfy subparagraph (5).
The foregoing activities delineated above would also meet the criteria for
determining the City Employees' status as public employees under the Regulations of
the State Ethics Commission, specifically at 51 Pa. Code §11.1, "public employee,"
subparagraph (ii).
In that a determination of whether the duties and responsibilities of a position is
based upon an objective test, that is, a consideration of an individual's job as set forth in
his class specification and job description, rather than any duties that the individual may
be presently performing, the necessary conclusion is that the City Employees are
"public employees" subject to the Ethics Act and the City Employees are required to file
Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Act.
Finally, as to the question concerning the City's enforcement responsibilities
regarding FIS filing requirements, the State Ethics Commission under the Ethics Act
may generally only give advice to public officials /public employees, but not to
municipalities. Although the Ethics Act imposes enforcement duties upon the
Commission through the civil penalty citation process or by investigation (See, 51 Pa.
Code § 19.3), there is no provision in the Ethics Act that imposes a rcement
responsibilities upon other governmental bodies. You will have to consult with your law
department as to what conditions or requirements the City may impose in its own right
upon its employees regarding FIS filing requirements.
Conclusion: As employees of the Procurement and Revenue Departments of
the City of Philadelphia, the Procurement Technician I, Procurement Technician II,
Procurement Technician Supervisor, Tax and Revenue Conferee Supervisor, Tax and
Revenue Conferee, Collection Customer Representative Supervisor, Revenue
Examiner I, Revenue Examiner II, Revenue Examiner III, Revenue Examiner Trainee,
Tax Assessor, Revenue Investigation Supervisor, and Revenue Investigator, are
public employees" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act and the
Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. Accordingly, such individuals must file
Statements of Financial Interests each year in which they hold the aforesaid positions
and the year following their termination of such service.
If they have not already done so, Statements of Financial Interests must be filed
within 30 days of this Advice.
Davis, 02 -559
May21, 2002
Page 7
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h ). TThe appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806). Failure to file such an
appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel