HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-550 SnyderRobert A. Snyder, Jr.
Council Member, City of Sunbury
225 Market Street
Sunbury, PA 17801
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 11, 2002
02 -550
Re: Conflict; Loan /Grant Program; Participation by Public Official/ Public Employee;
Council Member; City.
Dear Mr. Snyder:
This responds to your letter of March 11, 2002, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether, pursuant to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.. 1101 et seq., a city council member may participate in a grant program
administered by the city.
Facts: In November 2001, you were elected to the Council of the City of
Sunbury ( "City "), and in January 2002, you were sworn into office. On June 17, 1998, prior
to your election, you were put on a waiting list to participate in a program through which
the City provides matching grants to business owners who own property in specific areas
of the City, which grants are used for facade improvements.
In October 2001, the City awarded you a grant to improve the facade for a business
known as the Peppermint Lounge. You state that you own the personal property.
However, the real property is subject to an Agreement of Sale for Real Property to which
you are a party. You further state that the deed will be delivered upon full payment of the
debt obligation, which is scheduled to occur on July 1, 2002.
Now that the Historical Review Board has approved the plans for the facade
improvement, you expect to receive the City grant within the next several weeks. You ask
whether any ethical issues exist prior to the City's release of funds to you.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and (11) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Snyder, 02 -550
April 11, 2002
Page 2
As a Council Member of the City of Sunbury ( "City "), you are a "public official" as
that term is defined in the Ethics Act and hence you are subject to the provisions of that
Act. 65 Pa.C.S. §1102; 51 Pa. Code §11.1.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide as follows:
§1103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § §1103(a), (j).
The following terms that pertain to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
$1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
Snyder, 02 -550
April 11, 2002
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or has
a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act, which pertains to contracting, provides as follows:
§1103. Restricted activities.
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or his
spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with which
the public official or public employee is associated or any
subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person who has
been awarded a contract with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated,
unless the contract has been awarded through an open and
public process, including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered and contracts
awarded. In such a case, the public official or public employee
shall not have any supervisory or overall responsibility for the
implementation or administration of the contract. Any contract
or subcontract made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of the making of the contract or
subcontract.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(f).
The following terms that pertain to Section 1103(f) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§1102. Definitions.
"Governmental body." Any department, authority,
commission, committee, council, board, bureau, division,
service, office, officer, administration, legislative body, or other
establishment in the Executive, Legislative or Judicial Branch
of a state, a nation or a political subdivision thereof or any
agency performing a governmental function.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of persons.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry, Section 1103(a),
which pertains to conflicts of interest, shall be considered first.
Snyder, 02 -550
April 11, 2002
Page 4
The stated purpose of the Ethics Act is to strengthen the faith and confidence of the
people in their government by assuring the public that the financial interests of the holders
of or candidates for public office do not conflict with the public trust. 65 Pa.C.S. §1101.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act in particular prohibits a public official /public employee
from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public
employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
The Commission recognizes that public concern and criticism may arise if a public
official or public employee who serves a governmental body receives benefits under the
very program which that governmental body administers. On the other hand, as a general
rule, the Ethics Act was not enacted nor should it be interpreted to preclude public officials
or public employees from participating in programs which might otherwise be available to
them as citizens. Wolff, Opinion 89 -030; Woodrinq, Opinion 90 -001.
In order to ensure that a public official or public employee does not have a conflict
of interest when he, as a citizen, seeks to participate in a loan or grant program
administered by the governmental body which he serves, he must:
1. play no role in establishing the criteria under which the program is to
operate, particularly with reference to the structure or administration of the
program;
2. play no role in establishing or implementing the criteria by which selections
for program participation are to be made;
3. play no role in the process of selecting and reviewing applicants or in
awarding grants or funds;
4. use no confidential information acquired during the holding of public office or
public employment to apply for or to obtain such funds, grants, etc., and
5. abstain and satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) above in
cases where the public official /public employee is associated with
administering the loan or grant program. The abstention and disclosure
would be required not only as to his own application, but also as to similarly
situated individuals with whom the public official /public employee might be
competing for available funds.
As for Section 1103(f), it is noted that this sort of program may require participants
to enter into contracts and /or subcontracts. If you, as a participant in this Program, would
enter into a contract with the City, the governmental body with which you are associated,
or would enter into a subcontract with any "person" (as defined above) who has a contract
with the said governmental body, Section 1103(f) of the Ethics Act would impose the
following requirements if the contract or sub - contract would be valued at $500.00 or more:
1. prior public notice of the contract possibility;
2. public disclosure of applications and contracts considered;
3. public disclosure of the award of the contracts; and
4. no supervisory or overall responsibility for the implementation or
administration of the contract or sub - contract by the public official /employee.
With regard to the question of whether you, as a Council Member, may participate
in a grant program administered by the City, the Ethics Act would not preclude your
participation as long as you observe the restrictions of Sections 1103(a) and 1103(f).
Snyder, 02 -550
April 11, 2002
Page 5
Based upon the submitted facts where you applied and received the grant award prior to
running for Council, you may participate in the benefits associated with the City's grant
program. It is factually assumed that there was no use of authority of office or act on your
part as a Council Member as to the approval of the plans by the Historical Review Board.
This Advice is limited to addressing the applicability of Sections 1103(a) and 1103(f)
of the Ethics Act. It is expressly assumed that there has been no use of authority of office
for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Further,
you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee and no public official /employee shall solicit
or accept anything of monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official
action, or judgment of the public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference
is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any
transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of the
Code of Federal Regulations or the Third Class City Code.
Conclusion: As a Council Member of the City of Sunbury ( "City "), you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act, ( "Ethics
Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 et seq. With regard to the question of whether you, as a Council
Member, may participate in a grant program administered by the City, the Ethics Act would
not preclude your participation as long as you observe the restrictions of Sections 1103(a)
and 1103(f). Based upon the submitted facts where you applied and received the grant
award prior to running for Council, you may participate in the benefits associated with the
City's grant program. It is factually assumed that there was no use of authority of office or
act on your part as a Council Member as to the approval of the plans by the Historical
Review Board. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa. Code 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission by
hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Snyder, 02 -550
April 11, 2002
Page 6
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel