HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-549 ShellyThomas E. Shelly, P.L.S., S.E.O.
Shelly & Witter, Inc.
122 West Market Street
McConnellsburg, PA 17233
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 5, 2002
02 -549
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Sewage Enforcement Officer; Townships;
Business With Which Associated; Surveyor.
Dear Mr. Shelly:
This responds to your letter of March 4, 2002, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a sewage
enforcement officer with regard to performing a survey in a township in which he serves
as sewage enforcement officer.
Facts: You are employed as a sewage enforcement officer ( "SEO ") by several
different townships.
In 1992, you formed a partnership to begin a surveying firm. Prior to forming the
partnership, you requested clarification from the Department of Environmental
Protection ( "DEP" ) as to your limitations in serving as an SEO and a surveyor. You
state that DEP advised you that if you would perform a survey in a township in which
you serve as an SEO, you could in no way be involved with the soil testing, planning
module approval or permit issuance of a septic system. You further state that you been
able to work within DEP's stated limitations without any problems and that several
survey projects have been completed by you or your partner with DEP approval.
In a recent regulatory clarification issued by DEP, you state that a determination
was made that you may not perform a survey in a township in which you are either a
primary or alternate SEO, even if you have no involvement with the soil testing or
installation permitting. You state that such is prohibited unless the survey client pays
your fee to the township, which in turn pays you or your surveying business. You have
submitted a copy of DEP's regulatory clarification, which is incorporated herein by
reference.
Shelly, 02 -549
April 5, 2002
Page 2
You feel that DEP's interpretation is incorrect. In a follow -up telephone
conversation with DEP, you state that you were advised that as long as your name
would not appear on the plans, you could continue as you have in the past. You do not
understand how this would be acceptable, but performing the survey would not, given
that the fees would ultimately end up in the same place -your corporate account.
You assert that most of the townships that employ you as an SEO do not want to
pay for your survey work through the township account. You believe that the
municipalities should have some input in this matter. In that some areas have difficulty
finding SEO's, you contend that most townships want you to continue as an SEO.
You have seen situations where engineers who are employed by a township
perform work in the township as long as another firm conducts the review. You argue
that this is analogous to the instant situation with the exception that the position of SEO
is "less than a professional position." In addition, you state that approximately six years
ago, DEP regulations were revised to allow an SEO to perform design work in the
township that employed him as long as the work would be listed in the township fee
schedule and the fee would be paid to the township, which in turn, would pay the SEO.
You seek a review by the State Ethics Commission of DEP's regulatory
clarification.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts. Further, this advisory will only address your conduct under the Ethics Act. The
advice will not review the ruling of the Department of Environmental Protection ( "DEP "),
which is beyond the jurisdiction of the State Ethics Commission.
As a Sewage Enforcement Officer ( "SEO ") for various municipalities, you are a
public official /employee as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are
subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
Shelly, 02 -549
April 5, 2002
Page 3
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
Shelly, 02 -549
April 5, 2002
Page 4
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public official/
employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both
orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the
minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry, you are advised
that Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act does not generally prohibit public officials /public
employees from having outside business activities or employment; however, the public
official /public employee may employee use the authority of his public position or confidential
information obtained by being in that position for the advancement of his own private
pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89-
011. Examples of conduct that would be prohibited under Section 1103(a) would
include: (1) the pursuit of a private business opportunity in the course of public action,
Metrick, Order No. 1037; (2) the use of governmental facilities, such as governmental
telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research materials, or other property, or the use
of governmental personnel, to conduct private business activities, Freind, Order No.
800; Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in an official capacity as to matters
involving the business with which the public official /public employee is associated in his
private capacity, such as the review /selection of its bids or proposals, Gorman, Order
No. 1041.
If a business with which the public official /public employee is associated or its
client(s) would have matter(s) pending before the governmental body, the public
official /public employee would have a conflict of interest as to such matter(s). Miller,
Opinion No. 89 -024; see also, Kannebecker, Opinion 92 -010. In each instance of a
conflict of interest, the public official /public employee would be required to abstain from
participation and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) set forth
above.
As to the restrictions that apply to you under the Ethics Act, in your official
capacity as an SEO, you would have a conflict as to reviewing or approving any matters
in which you, your partner or your surveying business provided surveying or any other
services to private clients. You would also have a conflict as to any matters that would
financially impact yourself, a member of your immediate family, a business with which
you are associated, such as your surveying business, or any business clients. In each
instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain and observe the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the respective municipal code.
Shelly, 02 -549
April 5, 2002
Page 5
Conclusion: As a Sewage Enforcement Officer ( "SEO ") for various
municipalities, you are a public official /employee subject to the provisions of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. In your
official capacity as an SEO, you would have a conflict as to reviewing or approving any
matters in which you, your partner or your surveying business provided surveying or any
other services to private clients. You would also have a conflict as to any matters that
would financially impact yourself, a member of your immediate family, a business with
which you are associated, such as your surveying business, or any business clients. In
each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain and observe the disclosure
requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code, § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel