HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-531 ConfidentialADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 8, 2002
02 -531
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Township Commissioner; Vice Chairman of
Township Police Department; Immediate Family; Township Police Officer;
This responds to your letters received January 24, 2002, and February 5, 2002,
by which you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. § 1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a township
commissioner with regard to serving as vice chairman of the township's police
department where a member of his immediate family is employed by the township as a
police officer.
Facts: As Solicitor for Township A ( "Township "), you request an advisory from
the tate Ethics Commission on behalf of Township Commissioner B.
Township Commissioner B has been appointed Vice Chairman of the Township's
Police Department. However, Township Commissioner B's Immediate Family Member
C is employed by the Township as a full -time police officer.
You request an advisory as to the potential conflicts that may arise and how best
to handle the situation without eliminating Township Commissioner B from any
interaction with the police department.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As a Township Commissioner, Township Commissioner B is a public official
subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
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March 8, 2002
Page 2
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no public
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
Confidential Advice, 02 -531
March 8, 2002
Page 3
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa. C. S. § 1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided the
disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, pursuant
to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from
using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information received by
holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
As a Township Commissioner, conflicts would likely arise for Township
Commissioner B in matters involving the Township's police department. Generally, he
would have conflicts of interest in matters that would financially impact his Immediate
Family Member C. In each instance of a conflict of interest, he would be required to
abstain fully and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as set forth
above. Despite the conflicts that would arise from time to time, Township
Commissioner B would be able to function as a Township Commissioner.
Serious concerns exist, however, as to the repeated and recurring conflicts of
interest that would arise under the Ethics Act if Township Commissioner B would serve
as the Vice - Chairman of the Township's Police Department. If Township Commissioner
B would be in charge of the Police Department while his Immediate Family Member C
would be employed as a full -time police officer with the Township, Township
Commissioner B would have so many recurring and ongoing conflicts of interest that, as
a practical matter, it would be difficult for him to function as Vice- Chairman of the
Township's Police Department. See, e.q., Cecconi, Advice 01 -586.
Because the conflicts of interest that would repeatedly and routinely arise for
Township Commissioner B as Vice - Chairman of the Township's Police Department
would severely impact upon his ability to function in that role, it is suggested that he
consider foregoing service as Vice - Chairman of the Township's Police Department.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
Confidential Advice, 02 -531
March 8, 2002
Page 4
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the First Class Township Code.
Conclusion: As a Commissioner for Township A ( "Township "), Township
Commissioner B is a public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Generally, Township
Commissioner B would have conflicts of interest in matters that would financially impact
his Immediate Family Member C, who is employed by the Township as a full -time police
officer. In each instance of a conflict of interest, Township Commissioner B would be
required to abstain fully and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as
set forth above. Despite the conflicts that would arise from time to time, Township
Commissioner B would be able to function as a Township Commissioner. Because the
conflicts of interest that would repeatedly and routinely arise for Township
Commissioner B as Vice - Chairman of the Township's Police Department would severely
impact upon his ability to function in that role, it is suggested that he consider foregoing
service as Vice - Chairman of the Township's Police Department.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code, § 13.2(h). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel