HomeMy WebLinkAbout02-514 DellickerKevin M. Dellicker
Special Assistant to the Governor for
Technology Initiatives
Office of the Governor
506 Finance Building
Harrisburg, PA 17120
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 7, 2002
02 -514
Re: Former Public Official /Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Executive -Level State
Employee; Section 1103(i); Special Assistant to the Governor for Technology
Initiatives; Office of the Governor.
Dear Mr. Dellicker:
This responds to your letter of January 8, 2002, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act ")
presents any restrictions upon employment of a Special Assistant to the Governor for
Technology Initiatives following termination of service with the Office of the Governor.
Facts: You currently serve as Special Assistant to the Governor for Technology
I nitiatives in the Office of the Governor. You report to Tim McNulty ( "McNulty "), the
Deputy Chief of Staff to Governor Schweiker for technology and workforce development
initiatives. McNulty's position was newly created in the spring of 2001 to deal
exclusively with technology- related issues and you were hired in May of 2001 as his
assistant.
While there is no official job description for your position, you state that your job
duties are comparable to the duties of other special assistants in the Governor's Office.
You have prepared an unofficial job description, which you state was accepted by
McNulty and other authorities in the Governor's Office. The job description provides
that the Special Assistant to the Governor for Technology Initiatives shall "assist the
Deputy Chief of Staff for Technology Initiatives and the governor in creating
partnerships, developing policy and communicating the strategy for improving
Pennsylvanian's [sic] quality of life through technology development.' You have also
submitted a copy of your resume which is incorporated herein by reference.
You note that McNulty's new responsibility of developing workforce issues was
added to his job description after Governor Schweiker took office and while you were
away for seven weeks on military leave. You have not been asked to contribute
Dellicker, 02 -514
February 7, 2002
Page 2
significantly to workforce development; hence, you have continued to focus on
technology - related issues.
As Special Assistant to the Governor for Technology Initiatives, you have worked
most closely with other employees in the Governor's Office, particularly employees in
the Policy Office and the Press Office. You worked with the Policy Office in leading the
effort to increase Pennsylvanians' access to the high speed Internet, and you worked
with the Press Office in leading the effort to develop a communications strategy for
technology initiatives. Both of these projects involved outreach and meetings with the
Department of Community and Economic Development, the Department of Education,
and the Office of Administration, albeit on a somewhat limited basis.
Other significant issues and projects which you have been involved in include:
working on various telecommunications - related issues, such as the wireless telephone
emergency system and Internet security items; supervising an intern on a telemedicine
project; and participating in the budget development process, especially as it relates to
tax policy affecting technology companies. In addition, you continue to advise the Office
of Administration on the development of PA Open For Business, a business -to-
government Internet portal.
You state that your decision - making authority as to the above has been limited to
making recommendations to your boss. You further state that you are not directly or
indirectly responsible for overseeing any state agency functions or personnel. You
maintain that in your current position, your relationship with state agencies has been
limited to acting as a facilitator to induce the agencies to work together on projects that
overlap agency boundaries.
You ask for guidance as to any future employment opportunities outside of State
government, given that such employment may involve contacts with State government
agencies.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As Special Assistant to the Governor for Technology Initiatives in the Office of
the Governor, you would be considered a public official /public employee and an
"executive -level State employee" subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the
State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S. §1102; 51 Pa.Code §11.1.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would become a former
public official /public employee and a former executive -level State employee subject to
the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(i) restricts former executive -level State employees as follows:
$1103. Restricted activities.
(i) Former executive -level employee. - -No former
executive -level State employee may for a period of two
years from the time that he terminates employment with this
Commonwealth be employed by, receive compensation
Dellicker, 02 -514
February 7, 2002
Page 3
from, assist or act in a representative capacity for a business
or corporation that he actively participated in recruiting to this
Commonwealth or that he actively participated in inducing to
open a new plant, facility or branch in this Commonwealth or
that he actively participated in inducing to expand an existent
plant or facility within this Commonwealth, provided that the
above prohibition shall be invoked only when the recruitment
or inducement is accomplished by a grant or loan of money
or a promise of a grant or loan of money from the
Commonwealth to the business or corporation recruited or
induced to expand.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(i).
Section 1103(i) restricts the ability of a former executive -level State employee to
accept employment or otherwise engage in business relationships following termination
of State service, under certain narrow conditions. The restrictions of Section 1103(i)
apply even where the business relationship is indirect, such as where the business in
question is a client of the new employer, rather than the new employer itself. See,
Confidential Opinion No. 94 -011. However, Section 1103(i) would not restrict you from
being employed by, receiving compensation from, assisting, or acting in a
representative capacity for a new employer provided and conditioned upon the
assumptions that you did not actively participate in recruiting the new employer to
Pennsylvania, and that you did not actively participate in recruiting or inducing the new
employer to open or expand a plant, facility, or branch in Pennsylvania, through a grant
or loan of money or a promise of a grant or loan of money from the Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania to the new employer.
Unlike Section 1103(i), Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public
official /public employee from accepting a position of employment. However, it does
restrict the former public official /public employee with regard to "representing" a
"person" before the governmental body with which he has been associated ":
$1103. Restricted activities.
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Act as follows:
$1102. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
Dellicker, 02 -514
February 7, 2002
Page 4
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /employee; (4) participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying. Popovich,
Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official /public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of public service, Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre - existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The public official /public employee may also counsel any person
regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once again,
however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former governmental
body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general informational
inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is available to the
general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the representation of, or
work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /employee had influence or control but
extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at
290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion No. 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
Dellicker, 02 -514
February 7, 2002
Page 5
The governmental body with which you would be associated upon termination of
public service is the Office of the Governor in its entirety which includes but is not
limited to the Governor's Executive Offices, the Office of Administration, and the Budget
Office. Therefore, for the first year after termination of your service with the Office of the
Governor, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict "representation" of
"persons" before the Office of the Governor.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the
Ethics Act, you are advised that although the Ethics Act would not preclude you from
accepting employment outside of State government, it would restrict your conduct in
your new position to the extent that such conduct would constitute prohibited
representation before the Office of the Governor.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Sections 1103(g) and 1103(i) only. It is expressly assumed that there has
been no use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as rohibited by Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of
the Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee and
no public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based
upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of
the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely
to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Governor's Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: Upon termination of service as Special Assistant to the Governor
for Technology Initiatives in the Office of the Governor, you would become a former
public official /public employee and a former executive -level State employee subject to
the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the Public Official and
Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), Act 93 of 1998, Chapter 11. Under Section 1103(i)
of the Ethics Act, you would not be prohibited from being employed by, receiving
compensation from, assisting, or acting in a representative capacity for a new employer
based upon the assumptions that you did not actively participate in recruiting the new
employer to Pennsylvania, and that you did not actively participate in recruiting or
inducing the new employer to open or expand a plant, facility, or branch in Pennsylvania
through a grant or loan of money or a promise of a grant or loan of money from the
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. With regard to Section 1103(g), the restrictions as
outlined above must be followed. The former governmental body would be the Office of
the Governor in its entirety which includes but is not limited to the Governor's Executive
Offices, the Office of Administration, and the Budget Office. The propriety of the
proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
Dellicker, 02 -514
February 7, 2002
Page 6
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel