HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-002 ShimekOPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Louis W. Fryman, Vice Chair
John J. Bolger
Frank M. Brown
Donald M. McCurdy
DATE DECIDED: 5/15/01
DATE MAILED: 5/30/01
John J. Shimek, III, Esquire
Quinn, Buseck, Leemhuis, Toohey & Kroto, Inc.
222 West Grandview Boulevard
Erie, PA 16506 -4508
01 -002
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Township, Council- Manager Plan, Council
Members, Salary Increase as Reimbursement for Restitution Imposed Upon
Township Manager by State Ethics Commission, Anthony, Order 1179, Motion,
Second, Vote.
Dear Mr. Shimek:
This Opinion is issued in response to your advisory request dated March 15,
2001.
I. ISSUE:
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.
§1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon township council members
with regard to providing additional pay to the township manager as reimbursement for
obligations incurred in a case before this Commission involving his admitted violations
of the Ethics Act.
II. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
As Solicitor for Washington Township, you request an advisory opinion from this
Commission on behalf of the following members of the Washington Township Council:
David Patterson, Louella M. (Bunny) Bucho, David Munzert, and Vere Woods
(collectively referred to herein as the "Council Members ").
Recently, the Washington Township Manager, David L. Anthony (Anthony),
entered into a Consent Agreement with the Investigative Division of the State Ethics
Commission. Per the Consent Agreement, Anthony admitted to certain violations of the
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May 30, 2001
Page 2
Ethics Act. Anthony agreed to make payment to the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania in
the amount of $4,000. The Consent Agreement was accepted by this Commission in
Anthony, Order 1179.
The question which you pose is whether the Council Members on whose behalf
you have inquired would violate the Ethics Act if they would offer, second and /or vote in
favor of a motion to grant Anthony additional "pay" from Township funds, above his
current salary, to "compensate" him for the expenses (including attorney fees) which he
has incurred in his defense before this Commission and /or for the aforesaid $4,000
payment. You ask whether the analysis would vary if the increase in Anthony's "pay"
would be based upon the attorney fees, the $4,000 payment, or both.
You emphasize that any motion and vote by the Council Members would not be
an action to require the Township to pay the Commonwealth, the State Ethics
Commission, or Anthony's attorney directly. Instead, the additional amounts paid to
Anthony would be in the form of salary, and would be subject to the same deductions
and withholdings as his regular pay.
Finally, you state that none of the Council Members has any familial or business
relationship with Anthony, other than as a Council Member who has voted, and in the
future may vote, to retain Anthony in his position and to set his salary.
By letter dated April 24, 2001, you were notified of the date, time and location of
the public meeting at which your request would be considered.
III. DISCUSSION:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics
Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted, this Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As members of the Washington Township Council, David Patterson, Louella M.
(Bunny) Bucho, David Munzert, and Vere Woods (the "Council Members ") are all public
officials subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed
with the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
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May 30, 2001
Page 3
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be
permitted to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise
provided herein. In the case of a three - member governing
body of a political subdivision, where one member has
abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of interest and
the remaining two members of the governing body have cast
opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall be
permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made
as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § §1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflict of interest are defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
§1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include
an action having a de minimis economic impact or which
affects to the same degree a class consisting of the general
public or a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or
other group which includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the facts which you have
submitted, we would initially note that as the body charged with administering and
enforcing the Ethics Act, we are sometimes presented with inquiries such as yours
which may involve potential violations of other laws but not the provisions of the Ethics
Act. We are aware that in such instances, our determination may be mischaracterized
as a general approval of what is proposed. So that there will be no misunderstanding,
we wish to make it very clear that we are not providing a general approval of what you
are proposing, but are simply compelled to find that it would not violate the Ethics Act
itself.
Indeed, we do not "approve" of what you are proposing. What you are proposing
is the use of taxpayer funds to pay Anthony's expenses for violating the law. We find
such a proposal unconscionable.
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May 30, 2001
Page 4
Apparently without any regard for the public trust, the Council Members on
whose behalf you have inquired plan to use public funds to pay Anthony's legal
expenses and the penalty imposed upon him for his admitted violations of the Ethics
Act. Moreover, the Council Members propose to tender such payments in the form of
additional salary, perhaps to avoid unfavorable legal consequences that could result
from a direct payment of Anthony's obligations. See, e.q., Roofner's Appeal, 81 Pa.
Super. 482 (1923) (Counsel fees and other expenses incurred by public officials in
defending criminal charges, or charges of official misconduct, are incurred for a private
purpose and cannot, in the absence of statutory provision therefor be paid from public
funds...." 81 Pa. Super. at 484-485); see also, R.H. v. State Ethics Commission, 673
A.2d 1004 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996). The Members plan to tender the payments
as salary despite the cost to the taxpayers of paying not only for Anthony's actual
obligations incurred as the result of his violations of the Ethics Act, but also the
deductions and withholdings from his so- called "pay." It is clear to us that the Council
Members place Anthony's interests above those of the public they are sworn to serve.
It is nevertheless our duty to answer your question based upon Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. In order for a violation of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act to occur,
all of the essential statutory elements must exist. If any element is missing under the
submitted facts, this Commission is compelled to find that a conflict of interest would not
exist under the Ethics Act. There is no basis in the current Ethics Act for finding an
appearance of impropriety or a conflict based upon anything but the statutory elements.
You have factually represented that none of the Council Members has any
familial or business relationship with Anthony. The obvious implication is that one of the
essential elements of a violation of Section 1103(a) would be lacking, specifically, the
element of a private pecuniary benefit to any of the Council Members, their immediate
family members, or businesses with which they or their immediate family members are
associated.
This matter is distinguishable from cases where a public official has acted to
obtain legal representation or related reimbursements for himself at taxpayer expense.
Under the facts which you have submitted, the public employee who would be benefited
would not be taking any action. The element of use of authority of office may only be
established if the public official /public employee takes action (see, McGuire and
Marchitello v. State Ethics Commission, 657 A.2d 1346 (PaCmwIth. 1995)).
Furthermore, those who would be taking action, that is, the Council Members, would not
be financially benefited.
Through a straightforward application of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act and
the above statutory definition of "conflict" or "conflict of interest' to the facts which you
have submitted, we are therefore compelled to conclude that none of the Council
Members on whose behalf you have inquired would violate Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act by offering, seconding and /or voting in favor of a motion to grant Township
Manager Anthony so- called additional "pay" as reimbursement for obligations incurred
in the case before this Commission relative to Anthony's admitted violations of the
Ethics Act. This Opinion is conditioned upon the assumption that the proposed action
would not result in a private pecuniary benefit to any such Council Member, a member
of his immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
Our response to your inquiry would not vary if the increase in Anthony's "pay"
would be based upon his attorney fees, $4,000 payment to the Commonwealth, or both.
Although Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would not prohibit the proposed
conduct, it is recommended that the Council Members obtain legal advice as to the
applicability of other laws. Consideration should be given as to whether the Council
Members would be subject to a surcharge, such as is provided in the Second Class
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May 30, 2001
Page 5
Township Code. See, 53 P.S. §§ 65907 and 65908. If the Council Members go forward
with their plan, there may be some remedy available to the electors and taxpayers.
This Opinion is based upon the facts which have been submitted and is limited to
addressing the applicability of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. It is expressly assumed
that there have been no improper understandings under Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c)
of the Ethics Act. Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /public employee and no public official /public
employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /public
employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the
law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to
provide a complete response to the question presented.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
IV. CONCLUSION: Township council members are public officials subject to the
provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (the "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.
1101 et seq. Through a straightforward application of Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
A ct and the statutory definition of "conflict" or 'conflict of interest" at Section 1102 of the
Ethics Act, a township council member would not violate Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act by offering, seconding and /or voting in favor of a motion to grant the township
manager additional "pay" as reimbursement for obligations incurred in a case before
this Commission relative to admitted violations of the Ethics Act. This Opinion is
conditioned upon the assumption that such action would not result in a private
pecuniary benefit to the council member, a member of his immediate family, or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. It is
recommended that legal advice be obtained as to the applicability of other laws to the
proposed conduct. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(10), the person who acts in good faith on this Opinion
issued to him shall not be subject to criminal or civil penalties for so acting provided the
material facts are as stated in the request.
Finally, a party may request the Commission to reconsider its Opinion. The
reconsideration request must be received at this Commission within thirty days of the
mailing date of this Opinion. The party requesting reconsideration must include a
detailed explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted in
conformity with 51 Pa. Code §21.29(b).
By the Commission,
Daneen E. Reese
Chair