HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-588 HarrellEdgar C. Harrell
Executive Director
Murata Business Center
453 Lincoln Street
Carlisle, PA 17013
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Independent Contractor; Executive Director;
Murata Business Center; Incubator; Incubator Tenant; Investment.
Dear Mr. Harrell:
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 29, 2001
01 -588
This responds to your letter of July 27, 2001, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa. .S. §1101 et seq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an individual who is
currently under contract with a private non - profit corporation to serve as executive director
of an incubator for start -up companies with regard to his prospective conduct of assisting
an incubator tenant in organizing an equity offering and investing in such equity offering.
Facts: As Executive Director of the Murata Business Center, you seek an advisory
from the State Ethics Commission. You have submitted facts which may be fairly
summarized as follows.
The Murata Business Center is an incubator for start -up companies owned by the
Capital Region Economic Development Corporation ( "CREDC' ). You serve as Executive
Director of the Murata Business Center pursuant to a contract with the Harrisburg Regional
Chamber ( "Chamber "). You are not an employee of the Chamber.
You manage the Murata Business Center under the guidance of an advisory board.
As Executive Director, you make many of the day -to -day operating decisions within the
limits of an approved annual budget and established criteria for screening new tenants.
The aforesaid advisory board is headed by a Cumberland County Commissioner.
In addition to the advisory board, there are two committees, the "Property Committee" and
"Tenant Committee," which committees review your recommendations as to expenditures
or tenants.
The advisory board and Tenant Committee have formally approved a tenant
application for a new incubator tenant, "SaferSite, Inc." You state that SaferSite, Inc.
Harrell, 01 -588
August 29, 2001
Page 2
( "SaferSite ") meets the criteria for a new tenant. You further state that SaferSite was not
given any preferential treatment as to rent and service charges or allowances for
renovations.
SaferSite has asked you to assist it in organizing a $500,000 equity offering
targeted at "angel investors" in the Tri- County region and to invest in the equity offering,
both personally and through Harrell Partners, LLC, of which you hold 25% of the assets.
You state that the maximum that you would invest in SaferSite would not exceed
1`)/0 of SaferSite's authorized shares. Additionally, assuming the majority of partners of
Harrell Partners, LLC would approve an investment, the maximum that it would invest in
SaferSite would not exceed 1/2% of SaferSite's authorized shares. You further state that
your decision to personally invest in SaferSite has nothing to do with your position at the
Murata Business Center, as you have a history of investing in start -up companies which
pre -dates your association with the Murata Business Center. You state: "I assist other
(all) tenants in the incubator in accessing financing. On the other hand I would be very
selective in making a personal investment in a tenant company." (Harrell Letter of July 27,
2001, at 2).
You state that the National Business Incubator Association ( "NBIA "), of which you
and the Murata Business Center are members, does not prohibit incubator managers from
investing in incubator tenant companies. You further state that the President and CEO of
the Chamber and his immediate predecessor do not see a problem with the proposed
investment(s) by you /Harrell Partners, LLC in a tenant company. However, it has been
suggested that you seek guidance from the State Ethics Commission as to whether you
would have a conflict of interest under the Ethics Act with regard to investing personally or
through Harrell Partners, LLC in SaferSite, given your position as Executive Director of the
Murata Business Center.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his interest
as a public record in a written memorandum filed with the
person responsible for recording the minutes of the meeting at
which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a governing
body would be unable to take any action on a matter before it
because the number of members of the body required to
abstain from voting under the provisions of this section makes
Harrell, 01 -588
August 29, 2001
Page 3
the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the case
of a three - member governing body of a political subdivision,
where one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie vote if
disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § §1103(a), (j).
The following terms pertaining to conflict of interest are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the facts which you have
submitted, an initial determination must be made as to whether you are a "public official" or
"public employee" subject to Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The Ethics Act defines the terms "public employee" and "public official" as follows:
§1102. Definitions
"Public employee." Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible for
taking or recommendng official action of a nonministerial
nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or auditing any
person; or
Harrell, 01 -588
August 29, 2001
Page 4
(5) any other activity where the official action has an
economic impact of greater than a de minimis nature
on the interests of any person.
The term shall not include individuals who are employed by this
Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof in teaching
as distinguished from administrative duties.
"Public official." Any person elected by the public or
elected or appointed by a governmental body or an appointed
official in the executive, legislative or judicial branch of this
Commonwealth or any political subdivision thereof, provided
that it shall not include members of advisory boards that have
no authority to expend public funds other than reimbursement
for personal expense or to otherwise exercise the power of the
State or any political subdivision thereof.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
Under the facts which you have submitted, in your capacity as Executive Director of
the Murata Business Center, you are not an employee of the Chamber, but rather, are an
independent contractor under contract with the Chamber.
The facts which you have submitted do not delineate the nature of the Chamber.
However, administrative notice is taken of official records maintained by the Pennsylvania
Department of State which reflect that the Chamber is a private non - profit corporation.
Conditioned upon the assumption that the Chamber is a private non - profit
corporation, you are advised that in your capacity as Executive Director of the Murata
Business Center, you are neither a "public employee" nor a "public official." You are not a
"public employee, " because you are not employed by the Commonwealth or a political
subdivision. You are not a 'public official," because you have not been elected by the
public or elected or appointed by a governmental body nor are you an appointed official in
the executive, legislative or judicial branch of the Commonwealth or any political
subdivision thereof.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act apply to restrict public employees
and public officials as to conflicts of interest. Since you are neither a "public employee' nor
a "public official" as those terms are defined in the Ethics Act, you are not subject to
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The only provisions of the Ethics Act that apply to you are Sections 1103(b) and
1103(c), which apply to everyone. For your information, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of
the Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept
anything of monetary value based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or
judgment of the public official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any
transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question
presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As an individual under contract with the Harrisburg Regional Chamber
to serve as Executive Director of the Murata Business Center, an incubator for start -up
companies, you are not a "public official" or "public employee" subject to the provisions of
the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 et seq.
Harrell, 01 -588
August 29, 2001
Page 5
Accordingly, in your capacity as Executive Director of the Murata Business Center, you are
not subject to Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act. Sections 1103(b) and
1103(c) of the Ethics Act apply to everyone.
This Advice is conditioned upon the assumption that the Harrisburg Regional
Chamber is a private non - profit corporation. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.20. The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717 -787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel