HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-587 BowerRichard E. Bower, Esquire
517 West Crawford Avenue
Connellsville, PA 15425
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
August 21, 2001
01 -587
Re: Public Official /Public Employee; Solicitor; Multiple Solicitorships; Retained/
Employed; Municipal Authority; Borough; Intermunicipal Agreement.
Dear Mr. Bower:
This responds to your letter of July 20, 2001, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a solicitor of a municipal authority who is retained by —as
opposed to being an employee of —the authority, with regard to simultaneously serving
as the retained solicitor of another municipal authority.
Facts: You are the current Solicitor for the Borough of South Connellsville
Municipal Authority ( "SCMA "). You have applied for the osition of Solicitor for another
authority, the Connellsville Municipal Authority ( "CMA "). If selected, you intend to
simultaneously serve as the Solicitor for both authorities. As to each authority, you
would be retained by, as opposed to being employee of, the authority.
The CMA owns and operates a wastewater transportation and treatment complex
that serves the City of Connellsville and certain surrounding municipalities, including the
Borough of South Connellsville ( "Borough "). The Borough's wastewater collection
system is owned and operated by the SCMA. However, pursuant to an Intermunicipal
Agreement between the CMA and the Borough, which Agreement you negotiated on
behalf of the Borough approximately 11 years ago, the CMA transports the Borough's
wastewater to the CMA's treatment plant where the wastewater is treated for a fee.
Under the existing Intermunicipal Agreement, the SCMA has the right to object to the
CMA's rate increases and to seek relief.
Presently, there are no planned negotiations or other agreements between the
SCMA and the CMA. However, there may be a need for negotiations or other
agreements between the two authorities in the future. You state that if you would be
retained by the CMA as its Solicitor, you would be representing both the CMA and the
SCMA with regard to the Intermunicipal Agreement on a continuing basis. You further
state that the formal consent of both parties to such general "simultaneous services"
could likely be arranged.
Bower, 01 -587
August 21, 2001
Page 2
Given the above facts, you seek an advisory as to whether you may
simultaneously serve as Solicitor for the SCMA and as Solicitor for the CMA.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "the Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.
§ §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In 1997 and 1999, the status of Solicitors under the Ethics Act (Act 9 of 1989)
was clarified by certain rulings of the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania and the
Supreme Court of Pennsylvania.
In P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Cmwlth. 1997), appeal
ending, No. 0091 M.D. Appeal Docket 1997, the Commonwealth Court of
Pennsylvania held, inter alia, that the conflict of interest provisions of the Ethics Act do
apply to solicitors who are public employees and are not just on retainer. The Supreme
Court of Pennsylvania subsequently affirmed the Commonwealth Court's decision in the
P.J.S. case. P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 555 Pa. 149, 723 A.2d 174 (1999).
However, in C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, 698 A.2d 155 (Pa. Commw. Ct.
1997), based upon an analysis of prior recedents including Ballou v. State Ethics
Commission, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A.2d 186 1981), Maunus v. State Ethics Commission,
518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324 (1988), and .J.S v. State Ethics Commission, 669 A.2d
1105 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996), the Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania determined
that a municipal Solicitor who is retained by —as opposed to being an employee of— the
municipality is not a "public official" or "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Act
and therefore is not subject to the conflict of interest provisions of the Ethics Act. The
Court stated:
. [T]his court pointed out in P.J.S. that the General Assembly did not
add or include "solicitors" in its definitions of "public employees" or "public
officials" whose conduct is regulated by section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id. As
such, this court stated that it could not conclude that it was clearly the
General Assembly's intent to include "solicitors," who are not normally full -
time public employees, but more like consultants, among the class of
persons required to comply with the regulations regarding ethical and
professional conduct under section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id.
Based upon our review of the pleadings in this case and our
analysis of Ballou, Maunus and P.J.S., we conclude that CPC's conduct is
not governed by the provisions of the Ethics Act and that he is not subject
to the jurisdiction of the Commission.
C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, supra, 698 A.2d at 159. The Court further stated, in
a footnote:
We note that on July 3, 1997, this court issued its decision in P.J.S.
v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Cmwlth.
1997) (P.J.S. 11), this court reiterated that the conflict of interest provisions
of section 3 of the Ethics Act apply to solicitors who are public employees
Bower, 01 -587
August 21, 2001
Page 3
and not just on retainer. P.J.S. was hired as a full -time solicitor for the City
of Erie, was placed on the City payroll, was paid a salary and received the
same benefits as other employees of the City. Like the Commonwealth
attorneys in Maunus, P.J.S.'s status with the City was that of an employee
rather than a consultant on retainer or an independent contractor.
Accordingly, this court determined that P.J.S. was a public employee who
was covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
The present case is distinguishable from P.J.S. 11 in that CPC is not
a full -time, salaried employee of the borough who receives the same
benefits as other borough employees. Rather, CPC is a legal advisor or
consultant on retainer to the borough. As such, his conduct is not covered
by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
Id., at Note 10.
The State Ethics Commission filed a Petition for Allowance of Appeal in the
C.P.C. case, which Petition was denied by the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania. See,
704 A.2d 640 (Pa. 1997).
Under the submitted facts, in both Solicitor positions you would not be an
employee but rather would be on retainer. Therefore, as Solicitor for the SCMA and as
Solicitor for the CMA, you would not be considered a "public official" or a "public
employee" subject to the Ethics Act and specifically, the restrictions as to conflicts of
interest at Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. C.P.C., supra.
However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of Financial Interests. 65
Pa.C.S. §1104(a); Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Therefore, you would be required to file
Statements of Financial Interests providing full disclosure as required by the Ethics Act,
each year the aforesaid position(s) as Solicitor would be held and the year following
termination of service in said position(s).
Moreover, it is the State Ethics Commission's view that every "person" is subject
to Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act. Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Section 1103(b) of the
Ethics Act essentially provides that no "person" shall offer or give to a public official,
public employee, or nominee or candidate for public office, or to a member of such an
individual's immediate family, or to a business with which such an individual is
associated, anything of monetary value based upon the offeror's /donor's understanding
that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official, public employee, or
nominee or candidate for public office would be influenced thereby. The State Ethics
Commission has held that a Solicitor, though not himself a public official /public
employee, may not engage in such conduct in his capacity as a "person." Foster, supra.
Of course, reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete response to
your inquiry in Tight of the aforesaid developments in case law.
Based upon the above, your specific inquiry as to simultaneous service need not
be addressed.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: Under the submitted facts that in your current capacity as Solicitor
for the SCMA and in your prospective capacity as Solicitor for the CMA, you are /would
be retained as opposed to being an employee of such authorities, you would not in
Bower, 01 -587
August 21, 2001
Page 4
either capacity be considered a "public official" or a "public employee" subject to the
Ethics Act and specifically, the restrictions as to conflicts of interest at Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of Financial
Interests pursuant to Sections 1104 and 1105 of the Ethics Act. Furthermore, Section
1103(b) of the Ethics Act applies to all "persons" including "persons" who happen to be
Solicitors, regardless of whether they are public officials /public employees. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h ). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806). Failure to file such an
appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel