HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-574 MinnichSharon P. Minnich
517 Thomas Road
Camp Hill, PA 17011
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 18, 2001
01 -574
Re: Former Public Official /Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Executive -Level State
Employee; Section 1103(i); Executive Director of Technology Investment;
Department of Community and Economic Development; Private Consulting Firm.
Dear Ms. Minnich:
This responds to your letter of June 12, 2001, by which you requested advice from
the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act ") presents
any restrictions upon employment of an Executive Director of Technology Investment
following termination of service with the Department of Community and Economic
Development.
Facts: In October 1999, you began your employment with the Department of
Community and Economic Development ( "DCED ") as an assistant to the Executive Deputy
Secretary. In July 2000, you were appointed to your current position of Executive Director
of Technology Investment.
As Executive Director, you report to the Director of Policy and Technology. Together
with your staff, you provide administrative support and program management to the Ben
Franklin /IRC Partnership Board, and the Pennsylvania Technology Investment Authority
( "PTIA "). You also manage the PTIA program staff, which consists of economic
development analysts.
The Ben Franklin /IRC Partnership Board is a statutorily created entity that receives
its administrative support from DCED. The Ben Franklin program includes four
independently operated non- profit centers that provide seed funding to entrepreneurs. The
IRC program includes seven independently operated non - profit centers that provide
technical assistance to small and medium sized manufacturers.
PTIA currently exists as an initiative of the Pennsylvania Economic Development
Financing Authority ( "PEDFA "). The PITA program provides loans to technology
businesses, grants to universities to research commercialization, and grants to
communities to bridge the digital divide.
You state that pending legislation will consolidate PTIA and the Ben Franklin
program.
Minnich, 01 -574
July 18, 2001
Page 2
You will be leaving Commonwealth employment to accept a position with Deloitte
Consulting ( "Deloitte "), a for- profit consulting firm in Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. Deloitte is a
party to existing professional service contracts with Commonwealth agencies other than
DCED (primarily the Department of Health and the Department of Public Welfare). You
state that you have not played any role or made any decisions with regard to any of those
contracts. You further state that to the best of your knowledge, Deloitte does not have
any contractual relationship with DCED.
You state that you have had no contact with Deloitte within the scope or your
employment with DCED. To your knowledge, Deloitte has not been the recipient of any
grant or loan from any DCED program, including those that you administer. You state that
you have taken no actions to encourage Deloitte to enter into, or expand its operations
within, the Commonwealth.
It is your understanding that you are precluded from appearing before DCED and
representing any person or entity, including yourself, before DCED for a period of one year
after you terminate employment with DCED. You state that under no circumstances will
you appear before DCED on behalf of others or yourself for a period of one year after you
leave DCED. Based upon the foregoing, you seek an advice that states that your future
employment with Deloitte will not violate the Ethics Act.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a
defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As the Executive Director of Technology Investment for DCED, you would be
considered a public official /public employee and an "executive -level State employee"
subject to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65
Pa.C.S. §1102; 51 Pa. Code §11.1.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you would become a former
public official /public employee and a former executive -level State employee subject to the
restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the Ethics Act.
Section 1103(i) restricts former executive -level State employees as follows:
$1103. Restricted activities.
(i) Former executive -level employee. - -No former
executive -level State employee may for a period of two years
from the time that he terminates employment with this
Commonwealth be employed by, receive compensation from,
assist or act in a representative capacity for a business or
corporation that he actively participated in recruiting to this
Commonwealth or that he actively participated in inducing to
open a new plant, facility or branch in this Commonwealth or
that he actively participated in inducing to expand an existent
plant or facility within this Commonwealth, provided that the
above prohibition shall be invoked only when the recruitment or
inducement is accomplished by a grant or loan of money or a
promise of a grant or loan of money from the Commonwealth to
the business or corporation recruited or induced to expand.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(i).
Minnich, 01 -574
July 18, 2001
Page 3
Section 1103(i) restricts the ability of a former executive -level State employee to
accept employment or otherwise engage in business relationships following termination of
State service, under certain narrow conditions. The restrictions of Section 1103(i) apply
even where the business relationship is indirect, such as where the business in question is
a client of the new employer, rather than the new employer itself. See, Confidential
Opinion No. 94 -011. However, Section 1103(i) would not restrict you from being employed
by, receiving compensation from, assisting, or acting in a representative capacity for
Deloitte Consulting under the submitted facts that: 1) you have not had any contact with
Deloitte within the scope of your employment; 2) Deloitte has not been the recipient of any
grant or loan from any DCED program, including those that you administer; and 3) you
have not taken any actions to encourage Deloitte to enter into or expand its operations
within the Commonwealth.
Unlike Section 1103(i), Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public
official /public employee from accepting a position of employment. However, it does restrict
the former public official /public employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before
the governmental body with which he has been associated ":
$1103. Restricted activities.
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for one
year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
$1102. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and submitting
bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the
name of a former public official or public employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is or
has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee himself, Confidential
Opinion 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
Minnich, 01 -574
July 18, 2001
Page 4
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence; (3)
submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name oft the
former public official /employee; (4) participating in any matters before the former
governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying. Popovich, Opinion
89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental body,
constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section 1103(g) also
generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official /public employee on
invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental body, even though the
invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of public service, Shay,
Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing contract does not involve the unit where
the former public employee worked, the name of the former public employee may appear
on routine invoices if required by the regulations of the agency to which the billing is being
submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the public official /public
employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former governmental body.
The public official /public employee may also counsel any person regarding that person's
appearance before his former governmental body. Once again, however, the activity in this
respect should not be revealed to the former governmental body. The Ethics Act would
not prohibit or preclude making general informational inquiries to the former governmental
body to secure information which is available to the general public, but this must not be
done in an effort to indirectly influence the former governmental body or to otherwise make
known to that body the representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with regard
to representation before his former governmental body. The former public official /public
employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities. However,
the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee is or has been
associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or other governmental
body where the public official /employee had influence or control but extends to the entire
body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion
No. 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you would be associated upon termination of
public service is DCED in its entirety. Therefore, for the first year after termination of your
service with DCED, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict
"representation" of "persons" before DCED. In this regard, it is factually assumed that you
have not been "employed" by or "appointed" to (as per the definition of `governmental body
with which a public official or public employee is or has been associated ") the Ben
Franklin /IRC Partnership Board, PTIA or PEDFA, assuming such are governmental
bodies.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Sections 1103(g) and 1103(i) only. It is expressly assumed that there has
been no use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of
the Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply
that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a complete
response to the question presented.
Minnich, 01 -574
July 18, 2001
Page 5
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: Upon termination of service as the Executive Director of Technology
nvestment with the Department of Community and Economic Development ( "DCED "), you
would become a former public official /public employee and a former executive -level State
employee subject to the restrictions of Section 1103(g) and Section 1103(i) of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), Act 93 of 1998, Chapter 11. Under Section
1103(i) of the Ethics Act, you would not be prohibited from being employed by, receiving
compensation from, assisting, or acting in a representative capacity for Deloitte Consulting
under the submitted facts that: 1) you have not had any contact with Deloitte within the
scope of your employment; 2) Deloitte has not been the recipient of any grant or loan from
any DCED program, including those that you administer; and 3) you have not taken any
actions to encourage Deloitte to enter into or expand its operations within the
Commonwealth.
With regard to Section 1103(g), the restrictions as outlined above must be followed.
Subject to the qualifications noted above, the former governmental body is DCED in its
entirety. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.20. The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717 -787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel