HomeMy WebLinkAbout01-528 LehutskyMichael Lehutsky, Esquire
Attorney & Counselor at Law
921 Main Street
Honesdale, PA 18431
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
March 20, 2001
01 -528
Re: Simultaneous Service, County; Assistant District Attorney, Borough Council
Member.
Dear Mr. Lehutsky:
This responds to your letter of February 15, 2001, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act ") imposes
any prohibition or restrictions upon an assistant district attorney from simultaneously
serving as a borough council member.
Facts: You are a resident of Honesdale Borough, Wayne County. You are also an
Assistant District Attorney for Wayne County. You state that the position of Assistant
District Attorney is a non - elected position. You are employed and paid by the County.
Honesdale Borough will soon be holding primary elections for the position of
Borough Council Member. You are interested in running for a seat on Council. You state
that if you would run in the election and win a seat on Council, you would not quit your job
as Assistant District Attorney.
You quote a portion of Section 46104 of the Borough Code, 65 P.S. § 45101 et
seq., which Section provides in pertinent part, "Nothing herein contained shall affect the
eligibility of any borough official to hold any other public office or receive compensation
therefore." 65 P.S. §46104. You also quote 65 P.S. § 14, which states, "Members of
councils shall not hereafter hold any city or county offices in the choice of the people while
serving as a member of said councils." 65 P.S. § 14.
The above quoted provisions initially appear to you to be inconsistent. However,
you reason that either 1) the more recently enacted Borough Code supercedes 65 P.S. §
14; or 2) the phrase, in the choice of the people," as it appears in 65 P.S. § 14, limits the
ineligibility of council members to elected city or county offices only. You conclude that the
latter resolves any inconsistency between the two provisions.
You quote Section 402 of the County Code, 16 P.S. § 101 et seq., which provides in
pertinent part, " No elected county officer ... shall, at the same time, serve as a member of
the legislative body of any city, borough, town or township of any class ..." 16 P.S. § 402.
Lehutsky, 01 -528
March 20, 2001
Page 2
You assert that 16 Pa.C.S.A. § 1401(f) precludes the "district attorney" from holding any
legislative office. After stating that 65 Pa.C.S.A. § 7 recites a similar limitation upon a
"district attorney," you opine that the County Code makes it clear that the position of
assistant district attorney is an appointed position and cite Korner v. Warman, 695 A.2d 83
(Pa. Commw. 1995) for the proposition that assistant district attorneys serve only at the will
of the appointing authority.
You assert that the County Code provisions appear to be internally inconsistent, as
well as inconsistent with the Borough Code and Title 65, pertaining to public officers. You
believe that pursuant to Section 402 of the County Code, an appointed assistant district
attorney's job should not be incompatible with an elected borough council position since an
assistant district attorney is clearly not an "elected county officer." You state that it would
seem improper to impute an elected district attorney's disqualifications to an appointed
assistant district attorney since the County Code, you state, does not legislate the
disqualification in the specific provisions governing assistants. You conclude that imputing
the disqualification to an assistant district attorney would create an inconsistency with 16
P.S. § 402, which declares an incompatibility only for elected county officers. You resolve
these issues by concluding that the position of assistant district attorney differs from the
position of district attorney in that the former is appointed employment whereas the latter is
an elective office. You conclude that there appears to be a clear intent to restrict the
incompatibility only to elected positions. Therefore, in your view, a borough council
member should not be declared ineligible for an appointed county job as an assistant
district attorney based upon the language of the above noted provisions.
You ask whether an elected borough council member would be prohibited from
holding an appointed county position as an assistant district attorney. You further ask
whether an ineligibility would arise only if an elected county office would be involved.
Discussion: As an Assistant District Attorney for Wayne County, you are a "public
official" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act and hence you are subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act. 65 Pa.C.S. §1102; 51 Pa. Code §11.1.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
$1103. Restricted Activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. —No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
(j) Voting conflict. —Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a matter
before it because the number of members of the body required
to abstain from voting under the provisions of this section
makes the majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote if
disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
Lehutsky, 01 -528
March 20, 2001
Page 3
a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. § §1103(a), (j).
The following terms that pertain to conflicts of interest under the Ethics Act are
defined as follows:
$1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family
or a business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. The term does not include an action
having a de minimis economic impact or which affects to the
same degree a class consisting of the general public or a
subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other group
which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he or
a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the question of simultaneous
service, it is initially noted that the General Assembly has the constitutional power to
declare by law which offices are incompatible. Pa. Const. Art. 6, §2. There does not
appear to be any statutorily - declared incompatibility precluding simultaneous service in the
positions in question.
Turning to the question of conflict of interest, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is prohibited from using the authority of public
office /employment or confidential information received by holding such a public position for
the private pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, a member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
Where simultaneous service would place the public official /public employee in a
continual state of conflict, such as where in one position he would be accounting to himself
in another position on a continual basis, there would be an inherent conflict (See, Johnson,
Opinion 86 -004). Where an inherent conflict would exist, it would appear to be impossible,
as a practical matter, for the public official /public employee to function in the conflicting
positions without running afoul of Section 1103(a).
Absent a statutorily - declared incompatibility or an inherent conflict under Section
1103(a), the Ethics Act would not preclude an individual from simultaneously serving in
more than one position, but in each instance of a conflict of interest, the individual would
be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) as set
forth above.
Lehutsky, 01 -528
March 20, 2001
Page 4
In this case, based upon the facts which have been submitted, there does not
appear to be an inherent conflict that would preclude simultaneous service as an assistant
district attorney and borough council member. Consequently, such simultaneous service
would be permitted within the parameters of Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j).
In that the above addresses the specific inquiry as to your situation, the general
question about ineligibility vis -a -vis an elected county office need not and will not be
addressed.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As an Assistant District Attorney for Wayne County, you are a "public
official" subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. You may, consistent with Section
1103(a) of the Ethics Act, simultaneously serve in the positions of Assistant District
Attorney and Borough Council Member, subject to the restrictions, conditions and
qualifications set forth above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed course of conduct has
only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any other
civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed truthfully all the material
facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at
the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant
to 51 Pa.Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission
by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX
transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel