HomeMy WebLinkAbout00-008 RileyOPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Julius Uehlein
John J. Bolger
Frank M. Brown
Susan Mosites Bicket
DATE DECIDED: September 21, 2000
DATE MAILED: October 5, 2000
00 -008
Shawn D. Riley, Sr.
Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator
District Attorney's Office of Chester County
17 North Church Street, Suite 218
Post Office Box 2748
West Chester, PA 19380 -0991
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County, Warrant Enforcement Bureau
Administrator, District Attorney's Office, Deputy Constable, Use of Authority of Office,
Conflict, Pecuniary Benefit.
Dear Mr. Riley:
This Opinion is issued in response to your advisory request of July 19, 2000.
I. ISSUE:
Whether, under the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.
§1101 et seq., a county warrant enforcement bureau administrator who, by virtue of his
public employment, has direct access to information pertaining to all outstanding warrants in
that county, may, during his off -duty hours, serve those county warrants as a deputy
constable and receive compensation in accordance with the county fee bill.
II. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
You are the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator in the Chester County District
Attorney's Office. The Warrant Enforcement Bureau ( "Bureau ") is in charge of all
outstanding warrants issued by the seventeen District Courts in Chester County and the
Chester County Court of Common Pleas. The Bureau maintains a computer system that the
County Radio Room, local police departments, prison and public can access.
The Bureau provides information to Chester County constables regarding warrants
Riley, 00 -008
October 5, 2000
Page 2
that they hold, and performs employment and welfare searches to enable constables to
apprehend defendants. A Chester County constable, however, cannot access such
employment and welfare records on his own. Rather, the constable must first submit a
request for such information to the Bureau by providing the name of an individual to the
Bureau, and the Bureau will then perform a search and provide any information pertaining to
that individual to the constable.
The Bureau also conducts information searches on fugitives without a request and
gives any information regarding those fugitives to the constables holding the warrants or to
any other constables who may be interested in serving those warrants.
In addition to your position as the Bureau Administrator, you are a deputy constable in
Delaware County where you reside. As a deputy constable, you serve warrants and process
civil papers. You now would like to serve Chester County District Court warrants when you
are not working at the Bureau. However, the Chester County District Attorney is concerned
that you may have a conflict because as the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator,
you have direct access to all Chester County outstanding warrants while other constables do
not. The District Attorney believes that your ability to retrieve information first hand gives
you an advantage over other constables because you can go out and serve the warrants
before anyone else and earn more money as a deputy constable.
Based upon the foregoing facts, you ask whether, given your capacity as the Chester
County Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator, you would have a conflict of interest in
serving Chester County warrants as a deputy constable during your off -duty hours, for
compensation in accordance with the County fee bill.
At the public meeting on September 21, 2000, you appeared and offered the following
additional information.
When a district court in Chester County issues a warrant, it provides a copy of the
warrant to the constable who works out of that particular district court office. The district
court then sends a certified copy of the warrant along with information identifying the
constable assigned to the warrant to the Bureau. Some district courts do not assign
warrants to any constable. Such "unassigned" warrants may be served by any constable
who happens to come across the individual named in the warrant.
You state that there are approximately 35,000 outstanding warrants in Chester
County. Of those 35,000 warrants, 12,000 are unassigned and pertain to individuals who
live outside of Chester County. A Chester County constable generally will not pursue an
unassigned warrant because service will require an out -of- county search. If the search for
the individual is unsuccessful, the constable will not get paid.
You add that there are approximately 2,000 bench warrants issued by the Court of
Common Pleas as well as 21,309 traffic warrants. You state that Chester County constables
do not pursue traffic warrants as a high priority because they do not want to waste their time
conducting out -of- county searches that could very well prove unsuccessful. Instead,
constables tend to concentrate on criminal warrants and bench warrants. In this regard, you
admit that as the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator, you would be in a position to
choose the more lucrative warrants before any other constable. You argue, however, that
you would only be pursuing unassigned warrants. You add that because a constable's fee is
based upon a fee bill established by the State and passed down to the County and is not
dependent upon the amount of the fine, it is not more advantageous for you to pursue a
criminal warrant rather than a traffic warrant.
You maintain that Chester County constables have access to the same information to
which you have access as the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator. However, you
concede that your ability to directly retrieve information from the Bureau's computer system
Riley, 00 -008
October 5, 2000
Page 3
gives you a "slight advantage" over Chester County constables who must first submit a
request for information to the Bureau. You feel that the advantage you have is "slight"
because the warrants that you wish to pursue, the unassigned warrants, are largely ignored
by other constables in the first place. You do not expect to make an enormous amount of
money pursuing unassigned warrants. However, you would be content to make some extra
money to help pay for your children's education. You state that your intent is to utilize the
resources that are available to you at the Bureau during the day to serve the unassigned
warrants at night.
III. DISCUSSION:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of the Ethics Act,
65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted, this Commission does not engage in an independent investigation
of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden
of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65
Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has
truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator in the Chester County District
Attorney's Office, you are a "public employee" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act.
Further, as a deputy constable, you are a "public official" as that term is defined in the Ethics
Act. Hence, as a public official /public employee, you are subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the private pecuniary
benefit of himself, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated. The term does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same degree a
class consisting of the general public or a subclass consisting of
an industry, occupation or other group which includes the public
official or public employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is
associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual power
provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to the
Riley, 00 -008
October 5, 2000
Page 4
performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a particular
public office or position of public employment.
Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by
any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his interest
as a public record in a written memorandum filed with the person
responsible for recording the minutes of the meeting at which
the vote is taken, provided that whenever a governing body
would be unable to take any action on a matter before it
because the number of members of the body required to abstain
from voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval unattainable,
then such members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are
made as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where one
member has abstained from voting as a result of a conflict of
interest and the remaining two members of the governing body
have cast opposing votes, the member who has abstained shall
be permitted to vote to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as
otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
If a conflict exists, Section 1103(j) requires the public official /public employee to
abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by
filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the facts which you have
submitted, pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential information
received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. Examples of conduct that
would be prohibited under Section 1103(a) would include: (1) the pursuit of a private
business opportunity in the course of public action, Metrick, Order No. 1037; (2) the use of
governmental facilities, such as governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment,
research materials, or other property, or the use of governmental personnel, to conduct
private business activities, Friend, Order No. 800; Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in
an official capacity as to matters involving the business with which the public official /public
employee is associated in his private capacity, such as the review /selection of its bids or
proposals, Gorman, Order No. 1041.
As a general rule, the Ethics Act was not enacted nor should it be interpreted to
preclude a public official /employee from receiving a benefit that is otherwise available to him
as a citizen. However, concerns may arise under the Ethics Act if a public official /public
employee receives a pecuniary benefit from or through the governmental body that he
Riley, 00 -008
October 5, 2000
Page 5
serves.
In the instant case, as the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator, you control
the release of certain information, such as employment and welfare information, that other
constables cannot obtain independently. Further, unlike other constables, you have instant
access to all Chester County outstanding warrants. Hence, by virtue of your public position,
you have the ability to immediately access information that will give you an advantage in
serving those warrants and receiving a pecuniary benefit.
Because your position as the Warrant Enforcement Bureau Administrator would give
you a financial advantage over other constables in serving Chester County warrants, you
would have a conflict under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act and hence, could not serve
Chester County warrants as a deputy constable for compensation.
Of course, the Ethics Act would not preclude you from performing other work as a
deputy constable in Chester County, absent some other basis for a conflict of interest.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act;
the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct
other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act.
IV. CONCLUSION:
A county warrant enforcement bureau administrator is a "public employee" subject to
the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "). A deputy
constable is a "public official" subject to the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a county warrant enforcement bureau
administrator who, by virtue of his public employment, has direct and immediate access to
information pertaining to all outstanding warrants in that county, would have a conflict of
interest in serving that county's warrants as a deputy constable for compensation.
Pursuant to Section 1107(10), the person who acts in good faith on this Opinion
issued to him shall not be subject to criminal or civil penalties for so acting provided the
material facts are as stated in the request.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, a party may request the Commission to reconsider its Opinion. The
reconsideration request must be received at this Commission within thirty days of the mailing
date of this Opinion. The party requesting reconsideration must include a detailed
explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted in conformity with
51 Pa. Code §21.29(b).
By the Commission,
Daneen E. Reese
Chair