HomeMy WebLinkAbout723 ShookRe: 88 -111 -C
Dear Mr. Shook:
efa
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
ORDER OF THE COMMISSION
Order No. 723
Mr. Robert Shook
c/o Dennis Govachini, Esquire
P.O. Box 217
311 -312 First United Federal Bldg.
Ebensburg, PA 15931
Before: Helena G. Hughes, Chair
Robert W. Brown, Vice Chair
W. Thomas Andrews
G. Sieber Pancoast
James M. Howley
Michael J. Washo
Date Decided: September 26, 1989
Date Mailed: September 28, 1989
The State Ethics Commission received a complaint regarding you
and a possible violation of the State Ethics Act, No. 170 of 1978, 65
P.S. 401 et. seq. You were notified in writing as to the
commencement of the investigation and as to the specific
allegation(s). The investigation has now been completed and a
Findings Report was issued to you which constituted the Complaint by
the Investigation Division of the State Ethics Commission. An Answer
was not filed and a hearing was waived. The record is now completed.
This Order of the Commission is hereby issued which sets forth the
individual allegations, findings, discussion and conclusion as
follows:
I. Allegation: That you, a Supervisor of Cambria Township, Cambria
County, violated the following provisions of the Ethics Act (Act 170
of 1978), when you received expense payments for attending
conferences, seminars and conventions in excess of expenses actually
incurred:
Section 4. Restricted Activities.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 2
(a) No public official or public employee shall
use his public office or any confidential
information received through his holding public
office to obtain financial gain other than
compensation provided by law for himself, a member
of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. S403(a).
A. Findings:
1. You have served as a Supervisor of Cambria Township, Cambria
County, since January, 1984.
a. You have also served as a part -time roadmaster during this
period.
2. The Cambria Township Board of Supervisors authorizes supervisors
to attend annual conventions of Pennsylvania State Association of
Township Supervisors (PSATS) and local seminars and conventions.
3. Cambria Township records disclose that you attended the following
PSATS annual conventions:
a. 1984, Hershey
1984 to April
b. 1985, Hershey
1985 to April
c. 1986, Hershey
1986 to April
Lodge and
11, 1984.
Lodge and
24, 1985.
Lodge and
23, 1986.
b. 1985: 4- 19-85 $300.00 Per diem
Convention Center from April 8,
Convention Center from April 21,
Convention Center from April 20,
d. 1987, Pittsburgh Hilton Hotel April 12 through 15, 1987.
PSATS Convention registration January 5, 1987.
e. 1988, Hershey, April 17, 1988 to April 20, 1988.
4. Township records confirm the following amounts were paid to you or
on your behalf for attending PSATS conventions:
Year Date Amount
a. 1984 4 -6 -84 $300.00 Per diem $75 x 4 days
64.80 mileage 324 x .20
$364.80
Check No.
5955
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 3
Note: This $60.00 payment was made to you after
you learned that per diem allowances were
increased from $75.00 to $90.00 per day.
c. 1986: 1 -2 -86 $ 50.00 PSATS regis.
Date
4 -15 -86
Note: Per diem was $90 /day x 4 days
deducted for convention registration
January 2, 1986.
d. 1987:
Date
1 -5 -87
4 -8 -87
64.80 mileage
$364.80
- 50.00 PSATS registration
$316.80
- 18.35 room deposit
$296.45 6613
5 -6 -85 60.00 Per diem 6638
1 -2 -86 $ 50.00 Room reservation
Amount Check No.
$310.00 - per diem
64.80 - mileage
$374.80
Amount
7296
. $50 was
paid on
Check No.
$50.00 PSATS 7836
Convention
registration
$340.00 Per diem 8039
and mileage
The $340.00 payment was calculated as follows:
$360.00 per diem $90 x 4 days
30.00 mileage 150 x .20 /mile
$390.00
-50.00 Registration paid on January 5, 1987
$340.00
7076
7078
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 4
e. 1988:
Check Np.
4 -15 -88 $500.00 per diem, plus mileage 8847
5. Township records disclose that you submitted the following to the
township to obtain payments for attending the PSATS conventions:
a. April 6, 1984: On Township letterhead, handwritten.
162 x 2 = 324 mi. x .20 = 64.80
Per diem = $300.00
$364.80
Marked Paid Check No. 5955
No other documentation submitted.
b. April 19, 1985: On township letterhead, handwritten.
$75.00 per diem x 4 days $300.00
324 mi x .20 64.80
$364.80
Registration 50.00
$314.80
Room deposit 18.35
$296.45
Marked Paid check No. 6613.
Delegate attendance certification form signed by you
claiming attendance on April 21, 22, 23, 24, 1985 and
expenses of $296.45.
Handwritten on township letterhead, Robert Shook,
Difference on Per diem (law changed to $90.00).
Amount: $60.00. Marked Paid Check No. 6638, signed Robert
Shook.
c. April 15, 1986: Handwritten on township letterhead.
Convention 1986, under the name of Robert Shook.
4 days at $90.00
Pre - registration
Mileage to Hershey
Marked Paid Check No.
$360.00
50.00
$310.00
64.80
$374.80
7296, April 15, 1986.
Mr, Robert Shook
Page 5
Delegate attendance certification form signed by you
claiming attendance on April 20 through April 23, 1986 and
expenses of $360.00 plus mileage of $64.80. Total claimed
$374.80.
d. 1987: Delegate attendance certification form signed by you
claiming attendance on April 12, 1987 through April 15, 1987
and expenses of $176.20. You submitted round trip mileage
of 156 x .20 or $30.00. Total expenses claimed was $206.20.
Expenses - April 12, 1987 -
April 13, 1987
April 14, 1987
April 15, 1987
Undated, handwritten, outlining as follows:
Total check was
Enclosed receipts
Owed to Township
$ 96.21
13.22
28.06
38.61
$176.21
$340.00
206.20
$133.80
You returned $133.80 to the township on April 21, 1987 by
personal check No. 20189
6. Prior to the 1987 PSATS convention, Cambria Township has no
receipts or other documentation other than the above stated to verify
actual expenses for you for attending the PSATS annual conventions.
a. Prior to 1987, you were unaware that receipts for actual
expenses should be maintained or that you were not entitled
to a flat rate per diem plus mileage.
7. Cambria Township records disclose that you also attended
workshops related to road Maintenance and snow removal sponsored by
the Pennsylvanian, an organization which is a subsidiary of various
local government groups.
a. Street and Road Maintenance Workshop, April 3 - 4, 1986
Sheraton Inn, Greensburg, Pennsylvania.
b. Snow and Ice Control Workshop, September 11 - 12, 1986,
Holiday Inn, Poconos, White Haven, Pennsylvania.
8. Registration form for 1986, held at the Greensburg Sheraton -Inn
Workshop disclosed the following costs for attending this workshop.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 6
a. Registration (included dinner, luncheons, materials) -
$70.00.
b. Room $49 single, $52 double.
9. Township records confirm that the following amounts were paid for
your attendance at the April 3 - 4, 1986 workshop:
Date Amount Payee Check No.
a. 2 -11 -86 $70.00
1/3 of $210.00
Pennsylvanian
(registration for .
three including meals
and materials)
b. 4 -1 -86 $200.00 Robert Shook 7255
7169
10. A total of $270.00 was paid for your attendance of the April 3 -4,
1986 seminar at Greensburg.
a. You mistakenly believed that you were entitled to the
$200.00 you received.
b. Your actual expenses totalled $109.57 ($70 -.00 registration
and meals, $21.20 mileage and $18.37 room).
c. Expenses were overpaid in an amount of $160.43 for your
attendance at the seminar.
11. Township records disclose that the following amounts were paid
for your attendance at the September 11 -12, 1986 Snow and Ice Control
Workshop:
Date Amount Payee Check No.
a. 8 -25 -86 $40.00 1/3 of $120.00 7569
Pennsylvanian
(registration for
3 supervisors)
b. 8 - - $ 50.00 Holiday Inn 7569
(3 supervisors)
c. 9 -9 -86 $220.80 Robert Shook 7637
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 7
12. A total of $310.80 was paid for your attending the September 11
12, 1986 seminar at White Haven.
a. You were entitled to receive $90.00 /day, plus
and mileage. This totalled $299.00. ($180 +
registration, $79.00 mileage).
registration
$40
b. Expenses were overpaid in an amount of these $11.80. You
mistakenly believed that you were entitled to the full
$220.80 for diem expenses.
13. Township records disclose that Supervisors are paid $.20 per
mile when travelling on township business.
14. Official Commonwealth of Pennsylvania road map discloses the
following regarding distances from Ebensburg to the various seminar
locations:
a. Ebensburg to Hershey - 163 miles.
b. Ebensburg to Pittsburgh - 77 miles.
c. Ebensburg to Greensburg - 53 miles.
d. Ebensburg to White Haven - 195 miles.
e. Ebensburg to State College - 65 miles.
15. Supervisor John Makosy provided the following information
regarding travel to the various conferences and workshops and related
expenses.
a. All three supervisors generally rode to the conferences in
the same vehicle.
b. He believed that Supervisor Robert Shook drove to the
workshops in Greensburg and White Haven. The supervisors
most always went to the conventions in one car.
c. On one occasion, Supervisor Sauger also drove to a seminar
because he wanted to visit relatives living near Centralia.
He was not sure of the date of the convention.
d. He could not recall where the 1984 convention was held or
where he stayed.
e. He was not aware that he had to keep receipts of
expenditures when attending conventions.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 8
f. All three supervisors usually used the same motel room.
In 1985, they went to Hershey, and he thought that they
stayed a the Host Inn. The supervisors all stayed in the
same room, and drove together to the convention.
h. In 1986, they stayed at the Brinser Hotel in Hershey. All
three stayed in the same room. He drove down with Bob
Shook.
g.
i. The Pennsylvanian seminar in Greensburg was a two day
seminar as was the seminar in the Poconos. They all went to
the Poconos in the same car and stayed in the same room.
In 1987, they went to the convention in Pittsburgh. They
stayed in the same room, but each received individual bills.
They all went in one car. They each made a refund to the
township after that trip.
k. At the 1985 convention, then Governor Thornburgh advised the
group that the law had been changed to increase the per diem
by $15.00 and upon returning home each submitted claims for
an additional $60.00 ($15.00 x 4 days).
1. The former secretary- treasurer knew that the supervisors
should keep expense receipts and claim only expenses but
never informed the supervisors.
m. If he wanted township money, he could have insisted on
being paid for hundreds of hours worked without receiving
compensation.
n. He only took the per diem money because it was his
understanding that he was entitled to $90.00 per day, plus
the round trip mileage.
16. Township Supervisor Fred Sauger advised as follows:
a. He has served as a township supervisor since January, 1970.
He also has been a township employee for (33) years.
b. He has no receipts for his expenses, he always paid cash.
c. He could not remember one year from another regarding the
various state conventions.
d. On one occasion, he and John Makosy both took their wives.
He didn't know the year.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 9
e. On another occasion the supervisors had to get two rooms
because they could not get one room with three beds.
f. In 1985, there was an increase in the per diem amount to $60
after the four -day convention.
The last time the convention was held in Hershey, he drove
himself and stayed at the Host Inn in Harrisburg.
h. He also took his wife to the annual convention at
Pittsburgh where he stayed at the Hilton Hotel.
i. No one from either the State Association or the township
auditors ever told the supervisors to keep receipts.
He estimate that 75% of the supervisors in Cambria County do
not keep receipts or claim actual expenses.
k. The former township secretary was aware of Ethics
Commission rulings regarding expenses but withheld that
information from the supervisors.
1. All of the supervisors put in extra hours work for which
they do not claim pay. Why would they try to claim expense
money they were not entitled to receive it.
m. The supervisors only took the per diem money and travel
expenses because they thought that they were entitled to it.
You certainly didn't take the money out of malice and greed.
17. You provided the following information:
g.
7
a. You have served as supervisor and part -time roadmaster
since 1984.
b. In your first year as supervisor, all three supervisors
went to the state convention in your personal car. They did
not share the mileage, each was paid mileage. They all
stayed in the same room at the Host Inn and split the room
expenses.
c. In 1985, they again went to the state convention in your car
and stayed at the Host Inn. You were not certain if you
went with him that year. They all received mileage
reimbursement, and a $60 per diem adjustment when the rate
was raised from $75 to $90.
d. You have no receipts from any conventions prior the 1987
convention when you stayed at the Pittsburgh Hilton.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 10
e. Until 1987, Supervisor John Makosy made all of the
arrangements. When they checked out after a convention,
Makosy would tell them what each owned toward the expenses
and each would pay their share.
f. You were given a check prior to each trip and assumed that
you were entitled to it.
g. In 1986, you drove to the state convention and they all
stayed at Brinsers Motel in Hershey. You could not recall
if they all stayed in one room.
h. You also attended two workshops, one in Greensburg and one
in the Poconos. You stayed alone in one room at the
Poconos. You have no receipts.
i. You lost money when you went to conventions because you did
not get paid from your regular job when attending.
j. After talking to Marian Naylor of PSATS at the 1987
convention, you began keeping receipts.
18. Restitution was made to Cambria township through the payment by
check in the amount of $172.23.
19. You collected per diem expenses for attending workshops and
conventions because you believed the amounts were a flat rate
allowance. You were not aware that you were only entitled to actual
expenses incurred and that you should keep receipts for expenses.
20. You were acting in good faith and without wrongful intent and you
never intended to collect more expense reimbursement than that to
which you were entitled to receive.
B. Discussion:
As 4 township Supervisor in a township of the second class, you
are clearly a public official as that term is defined in the State
Ethics Act. 65 P.S. 5402. As such, your conduct must conform to the
requirements of the State Ethics Act and the restricted activities of
that law apply to you. See Sowers; 80 -050; Welz, 86 -001. The State
Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted Activities,.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any confidential
information received through his holding public
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 11
office to obtain financial gain other than
compensation provided by law for himself, a member
of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 5403(a).
This Commission, in the past, has reviewed the above provision of
law specifically regarding the issue of expense allowances in
relation to certain public officials and the retention of excess funds
relating to such expense allowances. Generally, in reviewing the
county code provisions in relation to expense allotments for officials
who attend the annual meeting of the State Association of County
Officials, this Commission specifically determined that such officials
were only entitled to receive their expense allowances as actually
incurred up to and not exceeding certain per diem amounts for
attendance at such meetings. The Commission made this determination
based upon a specific review of the county code provisions allocating
such expense allowances and under the provisions of the State Ethics
Act as applied thereto. The Commission further determined that any
funds in excess of this amount, received and retained by said
officials through their official positions, would constitute
financial gain other than the compensation provided for by law and,
thus, be a violation of Section 3(a) of the State Ethics Act. See
Bigler, 85 -020.
Specifically, the Commission determined that because the
municipal code only permitted expense reimbursements for actual
expenses or within a certain dollar amount, funds requested and
received in excess of the permitted amount through the public
official's office and retained by said public official would
constitute a financial gain other than the compensation provided by
law. Public officials who, through their public positions, receive
and retain excess funds would thus be in violation of Section 3(a) of
the State Ethics Act.
Our position in relation to this analysis was reaffirmed in
Hawkins, 368. In Hawkins, this Commission determined that a county
sheriff had violated Section 3(a) of the State Ethics Act when,
through his position, he requested and received expense allowances for
attendance at a state sheriff's convention in excess of that which was
permitted by the code. Specifically, the county sheriff received
certain funds even though he had not attended the convention.
Additionally, he had received funds in excess of that specifically
allowed by the county code. Similarly, we determined that county
official would not be permitted to receive reimbursement for attending
a convention of the official's organization if such individual did
not, in fact, attend. See Shultz 369. Our analysis in all of these
cases was based upon long standing judicial interpretation of these
provisions of law. See Bechak v. Corak, 414 Pa. 522, 201 A.2d 213,
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 12
(1964); Susquehanna County Auditor's report 118 Pa. Super 47, 180 A.
148, (1935); Walker v. Somerset County, 26 D & C 2d 775, (1961).
In the instant situation, in order to determine whether Section
3(a) of the Ethics Act has been implicated through the activity as
outlined in the findings of fact, we must first review what
compensation in the form of expense allowances is permitted by the
Second Class Township Code. Based upon a determination as to what
compensation is permitted, we will then be able to determine if you,
through your public position, obtained financial gain in the form of
excess expense allowances when such was not provided for by law as
part of your compensation.
The Second Class Township Code provides as follows in relation to
expenses for the attendance of township supervisors at annual
association conventions:
The supervisors may designate one or more of
the following elected or appointed officials of
the township to attend the annual meeting of the
State association: supervisors, township
secretary and /or township manager. Said
convention shall be held in the Commonwealth in
accordance with the procedures adopted byu the
State association. These delegates expenses shall
be paid by the respective townships out of the
township general fund. 53 P. S. §65611.
The expenses allowed the delegates attending
the annual meeting may be in an amount not
exceeding ninety dollars per day for each delegate
for not more than four days including the time
employed in traveling thereto and therefrom,
together with mileage going to and returning from
such meeting. 53 P. S. §65612.
This provision of law is virtually identical to the one that we
have reviewed in our previous opinion. Based upon that review as
applied herein, a township supervisor may not use his position to
obtain a financial gain in the form of excess expense allowances. The
above expense allowance provision as noted would require reimbursement
for actual expenses not to exceed $90 per day.
As to the PSATS Convention, you were overpaid by $133.80 which
you returned to the township. In addition, you received excessive
reimbursement of $160.43 for attendance at an April, 1986 seminar.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 13
Finally, as to a September, 1986 workshop, you were overpaid by
$11.80.
Generally, the State Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 9. Penalties.
(a) Any person who violates the provisions of
Section 3(a) and 3(b) is guilty of a felony and
shall be fined not more than $10,000 or imprisoned
for not more than five years, or be both fined and
imprisoned. 65 P.S. §409(a).
The Act further provides:
Section 9. Penalties.
(c) Any person who obtains financial gain
from violating any provision of this act, in
addition to any other penalty provided by law,
shall pay into the State Treasury a sum of money
equal to three times the financial gain resulting
from such violation. 65 P.S. §409(c).
The State Ethics Commission also has the authority to make an
affirmative recommendation to an appropriate law enforcement
authority for the initiation of criminal charges pursuant to the
above provision of law or for the dismissal of charges depending upon
factual circumstances.
This Commission has also been granted the authority to offer the
opportunity to an individual who has obtained financial gain as a
result of a violation of the State Ethics Act the opportunity to
divest himself of said gain. See McCutcheon v. State Ethics
Commission, 77 Commw. Ct. 529, 466 A.2d 283, (1983). The Commission
has, on a number of occasions, offered individuals the opportunity to
divest themselves of the gain received and thereafter, recommended no
further criminal action. The financial gain that you received in the
instant situation equals $172.23.
You have made payment to Cambria Township in the amount of as
reimbursement for the excess expense money that you received. You
have thereby removed yourself from the conflict by making restitution
and hence no further action will be taken.
C. Conclusion and Order:
1. You, as a Township Supervisor are a public official subject
to the provisions of the State Ethics Act.
Mr. Robert Shook
Page 14
2. You violated Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act by receiving a
financial gain other than compensation provided by law when
you received payments in excess of those authorized in law
for attending PSATS conventions, workshops or seminars.
3. The financial gain referenced in paragraph two amounts to
$172.23.
4. Since you have removed yourself from the conflict by making
full restitution, no further action will be taken.
This Order is final and will be made available as a public
document fifteen days after issuance. However, you may request
reconsideration which will defer public release of this Order pending
action on your request by the Commission. A request for
reconsideration, however, does not affect the finality of this Order.
A reconsideration request must be received at this Commission within
fifteen days of issuance and must include a detailed explanation of
your reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted in conformity
with 51 Pa. Code §2.38.
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance
with Section 8(a) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 408(a) during the fifteen
day period and no one, including yourself, unless the right to
challenge this Order is waived, may violate confidentiality by
releasing, discussing or circulating this Order. However,
confidentiality does not preclude you from discussing this case with
your attorney at law.
Any person who violates confidentiality of a Commission
proceeding is guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not more
than $1,000 or imprisoned for not more than one year or both, 65 P.S.
409(e).
By the'Commission,
,Z J
Helena G. Hughes
Chair