HomeMy WebLinkAbout720-R FerreroMr. Joseph L. Ferrero
c/o Armstrong, Wiley
Dickie, McCamey & Chilcote
Suite 400
Two PPG Place
Pittsburgh, PA 15222
Re: 86 -123 -C
Dear Mr. Ferrero:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
RECONSIDERATION ORDER OF THE COMMISSION
Order No. 720 -R
Before: Helena G.
Robert W.
W. Thomas
G. Sieber
Michael J
Hughes, Chair
Brown, Vice Chair
Andrews
Pancoast
. Washo
Date Decided: September 26, 1989
Date Mailed: September 28, 1989
Your request for Reconsideration was received on August 23, 1989,
with respect to the above - captioned Order issued on August 8, 1989,
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code 2.38. The discretion of the State Ethics
Commission to grant reconsideration is properly invoked when:
(b) Any party may ask the Commission to reconsider an order
within 15 days of service of the order. The person
requesting reconsideration should present a detailed
explanation setting forth the reasons why the order should
be reconsidered. Reconsideration may be granted at the
discretion of the Commission only where any of the following
occur:
(1) a material error of law has been made;
(2) a material error of facts has been made;
(3) new facts or evidence are provided which
would lead to reversal or modification of the
order and where these could not be or were not
discovered previously by the exercise of due
diligence. 51 Pa. Code S2.38(b).
Mr. Joseph L. Ferrero
Page 2
The Commission, having reviewed your request, must DENY your
request because none of these circumstances is present.
Initially, although you submit your reconsideration request in
terms of alleged errors of law and fact, there simply cannot be any
errors of fact, material or otherwise or new facts, because the
parties submitted a Stipulation of Findings. Therefore, our analysis
will focus upon the arguments you raise in the context of possible
errors of law regardless of whether you denominate them as alleged
errors of law or fact.
You challenge the Order by raising four arguments which will be
considered seriatim: your status as a public employee; the base
finding of a violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act; the referral
to the law enforcement authority with a recommendation for prosecution
and the referral of the second allegation regarding contracting to.the
law enforcement authority for further investigation.
In your first argument, you question whether you are a public
employee under the Ethics Act. After reciting in part, the definition
of public employee, you assert that because you were not "on the
payroll" with regular hours coupled with the receipt of insurance
benefits or vacation time, the "common indicia" of employment are
absent. You then cite Ballou v. SEC, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A. 2d 186
(1981), a case involving the status of solicitors, for the proposition
that you are a consultant rather than a public employee. You state
that you have no direct accountability to the public and hence you
would not be a public employee. Further, you assert that you do not
have the authority to approve or disapprove proposals submitted to the
municipal bodies which are free to follow or disregard your advice.
You conclude by asserting that you were an independent contractor
providing advisory services and hence not a "public employee ".
We determined in Re: Status of Enctineering Firm, 80 -014 that
engineers regularly employed by a governmental body are public
employees subject to the Ethics Act. In addition, in Camp, Opinion
81 -006 we concluded that even though an engineering firm was not
formally appointed as county engineer, the firm would be a public
employee" if it regularly performed consulting engineering services.
Since you served as engineer for North Strabane Township, North
Strabane Township Municipal Authority and North Strabane Planning
Commission, you are a "public employee" under the Ethics Act. Your
argument that you did not have an independent duty to the public is
unavailing since public employees do have duty to the public even
though they are not directly accountable to the electorate as are
public officials.
Mr. Joseph L. Ferrero
Page 3
Contrary to your assertion that you had no duties to be
considered as a "public employee ", such a argument is spurious
considering the review and recommendation powers available to you as
municipal engineer. Your conclusion that you are an independent
contractor is not borne out by the facts. Given your status of
municipal engineer together with your powers and duties, you are a
public employee. 51 Pa. Code 1.1; Phillips v. SEC, 79 Pa. Cmwlth.
491, 470 A. 2d 659 (1984).
Your second argument in seeking reconsideration relates to the
finding that you violated Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. You
challenge the finding on the theory that you did not actually approve
the plans. In addition, you assert your involvement with private
individuals appearing before the boards was reflected on the submitted
plans. You state that you did not intend to deceive and the boards
had knowledge of your involvement so that there was no violation of
the public trust. Your argument totally ignores the most culpable
aspect of your actions; that you represented both sides (the
municipality and the private client) in several specific instances; a
situation which was certainly adverse to the public interest. A clear
violation of the public trust exists when you as public employee
reviewed, passed upon or recommended for approval plans for which you
received fees for performing private engineering services.
You then argue that you received no financial gain was because
the compensation was approved and appropriated as fees for such
services. In particular, you assert that your review of these plans
for which you also received private fees, was within the scope of
your assigned duties so that there could be no wrongful use of office
to achieve a financial gain. Your proffered argument would have
validity but for the fact that you were reviewing or recommending for
approval plans on which you performed work in a private capacity.
The foregoing aspect of the case constitutes the wrongful use of
office to obtain the financial gain. By your review or approval of
the recommendations of your own private work, you were not
representing the public interest through the municipality but your own
interest; consequently, "fees" that you received from the municipality
in those circumstances were financial gains contrary to Section 3(a)
of the Ethics Act.
Finally, you argue that there is no basis on which to conclude
that there was an "implicit self - assurance" between your working for
private persons or entities and your review or recommendation for
approval of those same plans in your official capacity as municipal
engineer. It strains the bounds of credulity to suggest that private
firms would not prefer submitting private work to you, since they are
astute enough to realize that those same plans would then be
submitted to the municipal body subject to your review or
recommendation for approval. In short, you have benefited both
Mr. Joseph L. Ferrero
Page 4
privately and at the expense of the public trust when you in your
public position reviewed or recommended for approval your own work for
private clients.
Your third argument in support of reconsideration raises an
objection to the referral with a recommendation for prosecution. Such
a referral is argued to be unwarranted because of your "good faith and
lack of criminal intent." You cite an Advice of Counsel issued to
another individual upon which you relied. Your knowledge that the
Commission issues advisories to public officials /employees should have
indicated to you that you could have requested such an advisory, which
would have been a good faith defense if you provided all of the
material facts. You chose not to do so.
You simply have not presented any basis to modify our decision on
referral. The arguments you raise have been considered and rejected
in Order, 720. We have the statutory right to refer matters to law
enforcement officials under Section 7 of the Ethics Act. Such right
has been acknowledged by Commonwealth Court. Sheers v. Hiactins,
Pa. Commw. , 549 A. 2d. 614 (1988). The referral as per Order,
720 is warranted in this case.
Your fourth and final argument for reconsideration relates to
the contracting allegation which was referred for further review to
the law enforcement authority.
You state that the process for awarding the contract was an open
and public one using objective standards. After acknowledging that
the award is "necessarily subjective" by the application of the
standards by the selection committee, you assert that you had nothing
to do with that process and should not be held responsible. You
proffer other factors as a basis for your firm being selected as "best
qualified ": your experience in the area of water treatment systems;
location with easy access to the project; availability to handle
complaints; ability to assign needed personnel; familiarity of
regulatory requirements and grants; completion of other projects and
lastly the size of your firm.
Although you submit the above as new evidence, such
considerations do not relate to or dispel the basis for our referral
for review - the receipt of the maximum points as to minority, women
or labor surplus area firms. After noting that your firm has employed
female draft persons and secretaries in an area of high unemployment
with your wife as an officer of the firm, you conclude that the award
of the points is debatable and hence this Commission's investigation
which uncovered "no Section 3(c) wrongdoing" should conclude the
matter.
Mr. Joseph L. Ferrero
Page 5
Clearly, your firm is not a minority firm and you do not even
challenge this. As for your firm being a "woman" firm, Ferrero and
Associate, Inc. is your firm (Finding 2C) and the fact that you have
your wife as an officer and several employees who are women does not
qualify your firm in that category. The foregoing is equally
applicable as to the category of labor surplus area.
As to the matter of the Commission investigation and finding of
no Section 3(c) violation, the referral does not relate to the Section
3(c) violation but the circumstances of the award of the project to
your firm.
In light of the foregoing, the State Ethics Commission concludes
that your request for reconsideration must be DENIED.
That Order and this decision denying reconsideration are final
and shall be made available as public documents on the fifth (5th)
. business day following the date of this Order.
By the' Commissio ,
4e=
elena G. Hughes
Chair
G. Sieber Pancoast did not participate in this matter.