HomeMy WebLinkAbout200 O'ConnorJoseph O'Connor
107 N. Second Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
RE: No. 83 -26 -C
Dear Mr. O'Connor:
The State Ethics Commission has received a complaint regarding you and a
possible violation of Act 170 of 1978. The Commission has now completed its
investigation. The individual allegations, cohclusions and findings on which
those conclusions are based are as follows:
I. Allegation: That as a candidate for public office you knowingly failed to
report all sources of income required by Section 5 (b)(5) of the Ethics Act
and thereby violated Section 5 (a) of that Act.
A. Findings:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
June 17, 1983
ORDER OF THE COMMISSION
Order No. 200
1. You were a candidate for public office (15th Senatorial District) to fill
the seat vacated by ex- Senator, now U.S. Congressman George Gekas at the
special election scheduled for March 22, 1983.
2. As a candidate you filed a Financial Interest Statement (FIS) with the
State Ethics Commission.
a. A Financial Interest Statement was signed by you on January 25,
1983, and received by the State Ethics Commission the same date.
b. This Financial Interest Statement was to reflect financial data as
required by Section 5 of the Ethics Act covering the calendar year
1982 and was filed in conjunction with your candidacy for the 15th
Senatorial District seat.
c. In Item 15, Direct or Indirect Sources of Income of $500 or More,
you printed "None."
d. You listed your occupation /profession (Item 10) as "writer."
Joseph O'Connor
June 17, 1983
Page 2
3. On March 8, 1983, you submitted an amended Financial Interest Statement to
the State Ethics Commission.
a. This Financial Interest Statement listed the following on Item 15,
Direct or Indirect Sources of Income:
- Senate of Pennsylvania - Main Capitol Building - Harrisburg, Pa.
- Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 204 Labor and Industry Building
b. The Financial Interest Statement was unchanged from the one filed
January 25, 1983, in all other major respects and was submitted in
.conjunction with your candidacy for the 15th Senatorial District
seat.
4. As a candidate in the primary election of 1982, you had previously
submitted a Financial Interest Statement to this Commission.
a. This Financial Interest Statement was received by the State Ethics
Commission on March 9, 1982.
b. This Financial Interest Statement reported on Item 15 as a
Direct /Indirect Sources of Income "Pa. Senate -- Main Capitol
Building." This income - source was designed to disclose your
income as a staff person with the Senate.
c. On this Financial Interest Statement you filled in "1982" in the
space which reads as follows "I hereby certify that the information
presented herein is true and correct to the best of my knowledge,
and represents disclosure for the calendar year 19 ."
5. During calendar year 1982 you recognized income as reported on your Income
Tax Return (Form 1040) filed with the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) as
follows:
a. Interest income - $ 541.00
b. Dividends - $ 292.00 .
c. Business income (see Schedule C) - $ 9,750.00
d. Other pensions and annuities $15,861.00
with taxable amount of $ 3,833.00
e. Total income (approximately)
Total taxable income -
$26,500.00
$14,356.00
•
_ .
Joseph O'Connor
June 17, 1983
Page 3
6. Schedule C of this IRS return reports on profits or loss from business or
profession and lists "Commonwealth of Pa." in the space provided for "Business
name" and reports the "product" you supplied was "service."
7. You made your 1982 IRS return available to the public on or about February
24, 1983. The return included Schedule C noted in No. 6 above. You made
copies of this return including Schedule C, available upon request by members
of the public.
8. During 1982 you realized income from Service Purchase Contracts (SPC)
#764890.
a. ,SPC #764890 effective October 15, 1981 and to terminate on February
15, 1982 was not to exceed $7500.00.
b. SPC #764890, on its face sheet, notes that your services as a
consultant were to be provided to the Labor and Industry Committee
and to be performed "under direction of Senator Fumo." A short -term
employment agreement consisting of two type- written pages attached
to this SPC further outlined your duties and responsibilities under
this SPC.
9. During 1982 you realized income from SPC #806331.
a. SPC #806331 prepared May 24, 1982, effective April 4, 1982, and to
terminate June 30, 1982, and not to exceed $4,000.00 was signed by
you on May 13, 1982.
b. SPC #806331, on its face sheet, notes that your services as a
consultant were to be provided by Senator Vincent J. Fumo, Chairman,
Labor and Industry Committee and his staff regarding the Port of
Philadelphia. This SPC was accompanied by a short -term employment
agreement consisting of two type- written pages which further
outlined your duties and responsibilities under this SPC.
10. Payments under SPC #764890 and #80633 were made as follows:
a. By check dated January 25, 1982 you were paid $1,875.00 "as per
service purchase contract."
b. By check dated February 22, 1982 you were paid $1,875.00 "as per
service purchase contract January 15 - February 15, 1982."
c. By check dated May 25, 1982, you were paid $3689.72 "as per service
purchase agreement."
d. By check dated August 24, 1982, you were pai:d "as per
service purchase contract" and the voucher submitted for this check
is marked "Paid in Full."
Joseph O'Connor
June 17, 1983
Page 4
e. Each of these checks was made out and paid pursuant to voucher and
the Rules of the Senate, as approved by the "Committee Chairman" and
the Chief Clerk of the Senate.
f. Each of these checks was made payable to your account with the payor
being the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
B. Discussion: There is no doubt that your failure to report income in
excess of $500.00 from the SPC's listed above (See No. 7) on your Financial
Interest Statement dated January 25, 1983 did not meet the requirements of
Section 5 of the Ethics Act. There is also no doubt that the information
relating to this income was properly reported on the Financial Interest
Statement'you filed as of March 8, 1983. The question most pressing here is
whether this omission was made knowingly with intent to decieve and what
remedy, action or recommendation is to be taken in this case. We will review
these questions more fully below.
First, the State Ethics Commission could, pursuant to Section 7(11) make
a recommendation that appropriate law enforcement officials review the
question of whether the Financial Interest Statement you signed on January 25,
1983, knowingly or deliberately omitted the Senate of Pennsylvania as a source
of income. The complaint submitted to us suggested that a motivating factor
in omitting these SPC payments as d. Source of income was your desire to
conceal this contract because it might "associate" you with Senator Vincent
Fumo. This alleged motivation for your failure to report this SPC income does
not convince us that the omission of this item was ,deliberate because a proper
report such as was filed on March 8, 1983, would merely list "Commonwealth of
Pennsylvania" as the source of income; it would not reveal any association
with a particular member of the Senate. Thus, there was little realistic
"fear" which would motivate you to omit this reference.
It is also apparent, through your release of your IRS return on February
24, 1983, that you wished to and did fully report all income. We also believe
that, although subject to contradiction, Schedule C was made available with
the IRS return itself. This Schedule reveals the "Commonwealth of Pa." as the
business for which you provided "services." It is difficult to perceive that
you would knowingly and intentionally omit the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania on
the Financial Interest Statement filed January 25, 1983 and then release this
IRS information which reveals this income - source on February 24, 1983. We
must also note that your relationship with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
was not unknown. The SPC's documenting this relationship were on file and
readily available from the office of the Chief Clerk of the Senate.
Joseph O'Connor
June 17, 1983
Page 5
Additionally, we must acknowledge that a fair percentage of the forms
received by our office fail to list the "employer" as a source of income under
Item 15. This omission occurs despite the fact that our instructions clearly
advise the filer to "list Employer(s)." In most cases, we have recognized
this omission as inadvertent, notify the filer of the omission, demand an
amended Financial Interest Statement and take no further action. None of the
"motives" offered to suggest that the omission in your case was other than
inadvertant are convincing. We find no reason to believe this error was
intended to deceive or that further review by law enforcement officers is
warranted. Absent such evidence, any recommendation that review of this
matter for possible perjury prosecution would be unwarranted. See Denoncourt
v. State Ethics Commission, No. 2793 C.D. 1981, opinion filed March 23, 1983.
In Denoncourt, the question of whether failure to report data required by
Section 5 of the Ethics Act was a "strict liability offense" or not the
Commonwealth Court concluded:
It is clear that perjury (under which a financial
statement is filed) is not a strict liability offense. In
other words, all elements of the offense will need to be
proven at trial beyond a reasonable doubt. All defenses
to the charge, including lack of the requisite mental
state, ignorance, mistake, acusation, and the like will be
available to the defendant at trial .... the act does not
impose absolute or automatic liability." Opinion, p. 4.
Finally, it has been strenuously and publicly suggested that the
Commission take action to remove your name from the ballot because of this
omission. A thorough review of the Ethics Act, as promulgated by the
Legislature, fails to provide any specific authority or basis for such a
suggested action. The Ethics Act does not specify that such authority rests
with the State Ethics Commission. It is true that this Commission has
instituted Court actions testing the right of candidates to remain on the
ballot. See State Ethics Commission v. Board of Election in Allegheny County,
et al, No. 1266 C.D. 1981 where candidates failing to file a Financial
n Brest Statement up through the primary election were removed from the
general election ballot. See also State Ethics Commission v. Baldwin, Pa.
, 445 A.2d 1208 (1982) where candidates who swore affidavits they had filed
the required Financial Interest Statement with the State Ethics Commission
when the Financial Interest Statement was not so filed were re- instated on the
primary election ballot in face of Election Code challenges filed by the
Commission. These actions dealt with a failure to file a Financial Interest
Statement, thereby totally witholding the mandated data from public scrutiny
and not with the alleged insufficiency as in this case of a filing made.
While one can argue that such a difference is one of degree and not of kind we
must be cognizant of the Supreme Court's pronouncement as to the false
affidavits and untimely filed Financial Interest Statement situation(s)
present in Baldwin.
Joseph O'Connor
June 17, 1983
Page 6
In Baldwin, the Court clearly concluded that absent any intent to deceive
and given the fact that the information is in fact received and available "for
all of the purposes envisioned under the Ethics Act ", the requirements of
Section 4(b) should not be posted as a barrier to seeking office. The Court
noted that public policy favors enfranchisement and the fact that the required
disclosure or missing data is available during the selection process should
not be ignored. In this matter, especially given our discussion relating to
the non - fraudulent nature of this ommission, the fact that the data as to your
income from the Commonwealth was available during the election process by
virtue of your release of IRS returns or via your amended Financial Interest
Statement (filed March 8, 1983) and in light of the Supreme Court's guidance,
we see no reason to attempt to remove your name from any ballot.
In this area we also note that the State Ethics Commission is not the
exclusive forum in which to test a candidate's right to remain on any ballot.
The Election Code specifically provides a mechanism for raising challenges to
the nomination petitions or papers of any candidate. The Courts are, of
course, constitutionally compelled to be open and available as a forum for
presenting this or related questions. Other' mechanisms -- application
directly to a law enforcement official if perjury is being alleged, for
example -- are available. For the State Ethics Commission to remove a
candidate from the ballot summarily and without hearing and due consideration
of the weighty quesions raised in this or similar matters would be
unreasonable.
C. Conclusion:' Failure to report SPC income as discussed above violates the
requirements of Section 5(b)(5) of the Ethics Act. However, an amended
Financial Interest Statement has been filed which properly reports information
orginally omitted from your January 25, 1983 Financial Interest Statement. In
light of the above discussion, the State Ethics Commission will take no
further action in this matter.
Our files in this case will remain confidential in accordance with Section
8(a) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 408(a). However, this Order is final and will
be made available as a public document 15 days after service unless you file
documentation with the Commission which justifies reconsideration and /or
challenges pertinent factual findings. See 51 Pa. Code 2.38. During this
15 -day period, no one, including the Respondent unless he waives his right to
challenge this Order, may violate this confidentiality by releasing,
discussing or circulating this Order.
Joseph O'Connor
June 17, 1983
Page 7
Any person who violates the confidentiality of a Commission proceeding is
guilty of a misdemeanor and shall be fined not more than $1000 or imprisoned
for not more than one year or both, see 65 .P.S. 409(e).
PJS /rdp
Sincerely,
gr.wL.
t
aul J.
Chairman