HomeMy WebLinkAbout20-534 Hurni
PHONE: 717-783-1610 STATE ETHICS COMMISSION FACSIMILE: 717-787-0806
TOLL FREE: 1-800-932-0936 FINANCE BUILDING WEBSITE: www.ethics.pa.gov
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309
HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 4, 2020
To the Requester:
Stephen J. Hurni
20-534
Dear Stephen J. Hurni:
This responds to your letter dated July 31, 2020, by which you requested an
Issue:
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon an individual
serving as a Supervisor for Plainfield Township , Northampton County,
Pennsylvania, with regard to participating in discussions, votes, or other actions of the
Township Board of Supervisors in matter(s) pertaining to Waste Management, Inc.
, including a request for the rezoning of property needed for the
proposed expansion of a landfill owned by Waste Management, where: (1) the individual
facility that converts methane gas from the landfill owned by Waste Management into
electricity pursuant to a contractual arrangement with Waste Management; (3) GKEDC
contracts with Waste Management to operate the aforesaid facility; and (4) GKEDC uses
the net proceeds from the sale of the electricity generated by the aforesaid facility to
benefit various causes within the Pen Argyl Area School District.
Facts: As a Township Supervisor, you request an advisory from the Commission
based upon submitted facts, the material portion of which may be fairly summarized as
follows.
GKEDC is a nonprofit 501(c)(3) corporation that was incorporated in 1999. You
have submitted copies of the following documents, which are incorporated herein by
reference: (1) the GKEDC Articles of Incorporation; (2) the GKEDC Bylaws; and (3)
Resolutions enacted by the GKEDC Board on April 9, 2001, and July 22, 2013, which
amended Article IV of the GKEDC Bylaws (pertaining to the GKEDC Directors).
The GKEDC Articles of Incorporation provide that GKEDC shall have no members.
Pursuant to the GKEDC Bylaws, the GKEDC Board is composed of nine Members. The
Members of the GKEDC Board shall consist of three citizens who reside in or operate a
business in the Borough of Pen Argyl, three citizens who reside in or operate a business
Hurni, 20-534
September 4, 2020
Page 2
in the Borough of Wind Gap, and three citizens who reside in or operate a business in the
Township. Members of the GKEDC Board are elected by the GKEDC Board. Members
of the GKEDC Board are not compensated for their service. The officers of GKEDC are
elected by the GKEDC Board and include, inter alia, a Secretary.
You are a Member of the GKEDC Board, and you currently serve as the Secretary
of GKEDC. The GKEDC Board currently has eight Members.
GKEDC owns a facility Facility) that converts methane gas from a landfill
pursuant to a contractual arrangement with Waste
Management, which owns the Landfill. GKEDC has no employees and contracts with
Waste Management to operate the Facility. GKEDC uses the net proceeds from the sale
of the electricity generated by the Facility to benefit various causes within the Pen Argyl
Area School District, which serves the Borough of Pen Argyl, the Borough of Wind Gap,
and the Township.
Waste Management periodically appears before the Township Board of
Supervisors to seek various approvals for general business purposes. You state that
because GKEDC benefits from the success of Waste Management, the Township
Solicitor has consistently advised you to abstain from any votes involving Waste
Management that might benefit GKEDC.
Waste Management recently approached the Township Board of Supervisors with
a plan to expand the Landfill , which would require the rezoning
of property needed for the Landfill Expansion. You abstained from a vote of the Township
Board of Supervisors that de
property needed for the Landfill Expansion. You state that GKEDC has decided to
generate a letter requesting that the Township Board of Supervisors reconsider its vote
aforesaid rezoning request.
Based upon the above submitted facts, the question that is presented by your
advisory request is whether the Ethics Act would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon
you with regard to participating in discussions, votes, or other actions of the Township
Board of Supervisors regarding
needed for the Landfill Expansion or other matters related to Waste Management.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11) of
the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the
facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
As a Township Supervisor, you are a public official subject to the provisions of the
Ethics Act.
Sections 1103(a) and 1103(j) of the Ethics Act provide:
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(a) Conflict of interest.--No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
(j) Voting conflict.--Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
Hurni, 20-534
September 4, 2020
Page 3
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would be
required to vote on a matter that would result in a conflict of
interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the vote being
taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature of his
interest as a public record in a written memorandum filed with
the person responsible for recording the minutes of the
meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that whenever a
governing body would be unable to take any action on a
matter before it because the number of members of the body
required to abstain from voting under the provisions of this
section makes the majority or other legally required vote of
approval unattainable, then such members shall be permitted
to vote if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein.
In the case of a three-member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting as
a result of a conflict of interest and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes, the
member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break
the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1103(a), (j).
The following terms related to Section 1103(a) are defined in the Ethics Act as
follows:
§ 1102. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for the private
pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. The term does not include an
action having a de minimis economic impact or which affects
to the same degree a class consisting of the general public or
a subclass consisting of an industry, occupation or other
group which includes the public official or public employee, a
member of his immediate family or a business with which he
or a member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary to
the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self-employed individual, holding company, joint
stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or has
a financial interest.
Hurni, 20-534
September 4, 2020
Page 4
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
S
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, a public official/public employee is prohibited
from using the authority of public office/employment or confidential information received
by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit of the public
official/public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public official/public employee would
be required to abstain from participation. The abstention requirement would not be limited
merely to voting, but would extend to any use of authority of office including, but not limited
to, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result. Juliante, Order
809. Subject to certain statutory exceptions, in each instance of a voting conflict, Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act would require the public official/public employee to abstain and
to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing a written
memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes.
Kistler v. State Ethics
Commission, 610 Pa. 516, 22 A.3d 223 (2011), in order to violate Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act, a public official/public employee:
to the purpose of obtaining for himself a private pecuniary
benefit. Such directed action implies awareness on the part
of the \[public official/public employee\] of the potential
pecuniary benefit as well as the motivation to obtain that
benefit for himself.
Kistler, supra, 610 Pa. at 523, 22 A.3d at 227. To violate Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
benefit for himself, his family, or his business, and then must take action in the form of
one or more specId., 610 Pa. at 528, 22 A.3d at 231.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter, you are
advised as follows.
Per the submitted facts, there is no basis to conclude that GKEDC would be a
governmental entity.
Therefore, you are advised that GKEDC is a business with which you are
associated in your capacities as a Director and an officer (Secretary). See, Rendell v.
State Ethics Commission, 603 Pa. 292, 983 A.2d 708 (2009) (
-profit entities).
You would have a conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with
regard to participating in discussion(s), vote(s), or other action(s) of the Township Board
of Supervisors regarding
needed for the Landfill Expansion or other matter(s) related to Waste Management if: (1)
you would be consciously aware of a private pecuniary benefit for yourself or GKEDC; (2)
your action(s) would constitute one or more specific steps to attain that benefit; and (3)
neither of the statutory exclusions to the definition of "conflict" or "conflict of interest" as
set forth in the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, would be applicable.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from
participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory exceptions of Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the disclosure requirements
Hurni, 20-534
September 4, 2020
Page 5
of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied in the event of a voting
conflict.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code of
conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the applicability of
the Second Class Township Code.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that: (1) you are a Supervisor for
Plainfield Township , located in Northampton County, Pennsylvania; (2) the
is a nonprofit 501(c)(3)
corporation that was incorporated in 1999; (3) the GKEDC Articles of Incorporation, which
are incorporated herein by reference, provide that GKEDC shall have no members; (4)
pursuant to the GKEDC Bylaws, which are incorporated herein by reference, the GKEDC
GKEDC Board shall consist of three citizens who reside in or operate a business in the
Borough of Pen Argyl, three citizens who reside in or operate a business in the Borough
of Wind Gap, and three citizens who reside in or operate a business in the Township; (6)
Members of the GKEDC Board are elected by the GKEDC Board; (7) Members of the
GKEDC Board are not compensated for their service; (8) the officers of GKEDC are
elected by the GKEDC Board and include, inter alia, a Secretary; (9) you are a Member
of the GKEDC Board, and you currently serve as the Secretary of GKEDC; (10) the
pursuant to a
contractual arrangement with Waste Management I
owns the Landfill; (12) GKEDC has no employees and contracts with Waste Management
to operate the Facility; (13) GKEDC uses the net proceeds from the sale of the electricity
generated by the Facility to benefit various causes within the Pen Argyl Area School
District, which serves the Borough of Pen Argyl, the Borough of Wind Gap, and the
Township; (14) Waste Management periodically appears before the Township Board of
Supervisors to seek various approvals for general business purposes; (15) because
GKEDC benefits from the success of Waste Management, the Township Solicitor has
consistently advised you to abstain from any votes involving Waste Management that
might benefit GKEDC; (16) Waste Management recently approached the Township Board
require the rezoning of property needed for the Landfill Expansion; (17) you abstained
from a vote of the Township Board of Supervisors that denied Wast
request for the rezoning of property needed for the Landfill Expansion; and (18) GKEDC
has decided to generate a letter requesting that the Township Board of Supervisors
equest, you are
advised as follows.
As a Township Supervisor, you are a public official subject to the provisions of the
65 Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq. Per the
submitted facts, there is no basis to conclude that GKEDC would be a governmental
entity. Therefore, you are advised that GKEDC is a business with which you are
associated in your capacities as a Director and an officer (Secretary). You would have a
conflict of interest under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act with regard to participating in
discussion(s), vote(s), or other action(s) of the Township Board of Supervisors regarding
e Landfill
Expansion or other matter(s) related to Waste Management if: (1) you would be
consciously aware of a private pecuniary benefit for yourself or GKEDC; (2) your action(s)
would constitute one or more specific steps to attain that benefit; and (3) neither of the
statutory exclusions to the definition of "conflict" or "conflict of interest" as set forth in the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102, would be applicable.
Hurni, 20-534
September 4, 2020
Page 6
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from
participation, which would include voting unless one of the statutory exceptions of Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act would be applicable. Additionally, the disclosure requirements
of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act would have to be satisfied in the event of a voting
conflict.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and
a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel