HomeMy WebLinkAbout20-529 Gould
PHONE: 717-783-1610 STATE ETHICS COMMISSION FACSIMILE: 717-787-0806
TOLL FREE: 1-800-932-0936 FINANCE BUILDING WEBSITE: www.ethics.pa.gov
613 NORTH STREET, ROOM 309
HARRISBURG, PA 17120-0400
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 8, 2020
To the Requester:
Mr. David Gould
20-529
Dear Mr. Gould:
This responds to your email received June 23, 2020, by which you requested an
advisory from the Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission .
Issue:
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., would impose restrictions upon employment of the Deputy
Director, Community Engagement and Communications for the Rebuilding Community
Infrastructure program of the City of Philadelphia following termination of
employment with the City.
Facts: You request an advisory from the Commission regarding the post-
employment restrictions of the Ethics Act. You have submitted facts that may be fairly
summarized as follows.
From October 2016 until April 9, 2020, you were employed as the Deputy Director,
Community Engagement and Communications for the Rebuilding Community
Infrastructure of the City. You have submitted a copy of a
document that you the position of
Deputy Director, Community Engagement and Communications for the Rebuild Program,
which document is incorporated herein by reference. You have additionally submitted a
copy of an organ
is also incorporated herein by reference. It is noted that per the Job Description and the
Organizational Chart, the Rebuild Program is under the authority of the City Managing
Direc As a Deputy Director for the Rebuild Program, you reported to the
Managing Director.
The Rebuild Program is responsible for revitalizing neighborhood parks, recreation
centers, and libraries in the City. You state that the Rebuild Program is also focused on
other matters, including but not limited to promoting diversity and economic inclusion
through workforce development programs that will help more women and people of color
gain access to careers in the construction industry.
Gould, 20-529
July 8, 2020
Page 2
You state that during your time working with the Rebuild Program, your primary
responsibilities included overseeing communications, community engagement, program
evaluation, and fundraising, and you were also involved in the overall operations of the
Rebuild Program. You worked on a team that helped with the drafting and passage of
legislation which authorized bonds for funding the Rebuild Program, and you were
involved in the passage of subsequent legislation that approved sites for projects funded
by the Rebuild Program.
Based upon the above submitted facts, you seek guidance as to whether the Ethics
Act would impose prohibitions or restrictions upon you during the first year following
termination of your employment with the City. In particular, you ask what City
departments/offices the Ethics Act would prohibit you from engaging with while you would
be representing your new employer.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requester
based upon the facts that the requester has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts that the requester has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts that have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requester to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§ 1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords a defense
to the extent the requester has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In the former capacity as the Deputy Director, Community Engagement and
Communications for the Rebuild Program of the City,
ct to the Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission.
See, 65 Pa.C.S. § 1102; 51 Pa. Code § 11.1. This conclusion is based upon the Job
Description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the power
exists to take or recommend official action of a non-ministerial nature with respect to one
or more of the following: contracting; procurement; administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies; planning or zoning; inspecting; licensing; regulating; auditing; or other
activity(ies) where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of your employment with the City, you became a
former public employee subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official/public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official/public
th
§ 1103. Restricted activities
(g) Former official or employee.--No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1103(g) (Emphasis added).
ith which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the Ethics
Act as follows:
Gould, 20-529
July 8, 2020
Page 3
§ 1102. Definitions
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the following:
personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and submitting
bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the
name of a former public official or public employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership, committee,
club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and offices
within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public official/public employee himself,
Confidential Opinion, 93-005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion
95-007.
The term "represent" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of any
person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official/public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying. Popovich,
Opinion 89-005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental body,
constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section 1103(g) also
generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official/public employee
on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental body, even if the
invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination of service with such
governmental body. Shay, Opinion 91-012. However, if such a pre-existing contract does
not involve the unit where a former public employee worked, the name of the former public
employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the regulations of the agency to
which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95-011.
A former public official/public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the former public
official/public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The former public official/public employee may also counsel any
person regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once
again, however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former
governmental body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general
informational inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is
available to the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence
the former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for, the new employer.
Gould, 20-529
July 8, 2020
Page 4
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official/public employee with regard
to representation before his former governmental body. The former public official/public
employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or entities.
governmental body where the public official/public employee had influence or control but
extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at
290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90-006; Sharp, Opinion 90-009-R.
Based upon the submitted fact that the Rebuild Program is under the authority of
which you are deemed to have been associated upon termination of your employment
with the Therefore, for the first
year following termination of your employment with the City, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics
a including but not limited to
your new employerbefore
Based upon the facts that have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no use
of authority of office or employment, or confidential information received by being in the
public position, for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a) of the
Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act
provide in part that no person shall offer or give to a public official/public employee and
no public official/public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based
upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official/public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof
but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not involve
an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as the Deputy Director, Community
Engagement and Communications for the Rebuilding Community Infrastructure program
of the City of
Pa.C.S. § 1101 et seq., and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, 51 Pa. Code
§ 11.1 et seq. Upon termination of your employment with the City, you beca
Based upon the submitted
you are advised that the governmental body with which you are deemed to have been
associated upon termination of your employment with the City is the City Managing
For the first year following termination of your employment
with the City,
of a personincluding but not limited to your new employerbefore the City Managing
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11) of the Ethics Act, an Advice is a complete defense
in any enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requester has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
Gould, 20-529
July 8, 2020
Page 5
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and
a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code § 13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717-787-0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
Sincerely,
Robin M. Hittie
Chief Counsel