HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-003 DawsonTimothy P. Dawson, Esquire
28 Main Street
PO Box 430
Adamsburg, PA 15611
Dear Mr. Dawson:
1. ISSUE:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Austin M. Lee, Vice Chair
Roy W. Wilt
Rev. Joseph G. Quinn
Boyd E. Wolff
Julius Uehlein
DATE DECIDED: 2/21/97
DATE MAILED: 3/7/97
Re: Public Official; Borough Solicitor; Benefits; Health Insurance.
97 -003
This Opinion is issued in response to your advisory request letter dated October
29, 1996.
Whether a Borough Solicitor may participate in the Borough's health insurance
coverage at the Borough's expense or, alternatively, at the Solicitor's own expense at
either a full or reduced rate.
II. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
As the Solicitor for Manor Borough in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, you
seek an advisory from the State Ethics Commission regarding your prospective
participation in the Borough's health insurance coverage.
Manor Borough has health, dental, and eyecare coverage through the Teamsters.
You ask whether the Borough may provide health insurance coverage to you as
Borough Solicitor based upon its current coverage contract. Alternatively, you ask
whether you as Borough Solicitor would be permitted to buy into the same coverage,
either at a full or reduced rate, by having the Borough deduct the cost of the monthly
premium from your pay.
Dawson, 97 -003
March 7, 1997
Page 2
By letter dated February 12, 1997, you were notified of the date, time, and
location of the public meeting at which your request for an advisory was to be
considered.
III. DISCUSSION:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the Ethics Law,
65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted, this Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
It is the view of this Commission that in your capacity as Solicitor for Manor
Borough in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, you are a public official /public
employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law and particularly subject to
Section 3(a) which would be most pertinent in addressing your inquiry. However, it
is noted that the status of Solicitors under the Ethics Law is presently the subject of
litigation in Commonwealth Court (P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, No. 230 M.D.
1995; C.P.C.. Esquire v. State Ethics Commission, 735 M.D. 1996, 2134 C.D. 1996).
With regard to the questions that you have posed, the pertinent provisions of
the Ethics Law provide as follows:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
Dawson, 97 -003
March 7, 1997
Page 3
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing
a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
Although this Commission does not have the statutory jurisdiction to interpret
laws other than the Ethics Law, the following provisions of the Borough Code would
impact upon an application of the Ethics Law to your inquiry:
§46006. Duties of council
It shall be the duty of the borough council:
(6) To fix the compensation of all of the borough officers,
appointees and employes.
53 P.S. §46006(6).
Dawson, 97 -003
March 7, 1997
Page 4
§46101. Compensation, hours and days of work; outside employment
Appointed officers and employes of the borough shall receive such
compensation for their services as the council shall prescribe... .
53 P.S. §46101.
§46202. Specific powers
The powers of the borough shall be vested in the corporate
authorities. Among the specific powers of the borough shall be the
following ....
(37) Other insurance. ... To make contracts of insurance with
any insurance company, association or exchange, authorized to transact
business in the Commonwealth, insuring borough employes, or mayor
and council, or any class, or classes thereof, or their dependents, under
a policy or policies of insurance covering life, health, hospitalization,
medical and surgical service and /or accident insurance, and to contract
with any such company, granting annuities or pensions, for the
pensioning of borough employes, or any class, or classes thereof, and to
agree to pay part or all of the premiums or charges for carrying such
contracts, and to appropriate moneys from the borough treasury for such
purposes... .
53 P.S. §46202(37).
In order to determine whether a private pecuniary benefit would result in any
given instance, we review what is allowable in law. See, e.g.,, Saurman, Opinion No.
94 -004. A financial gain to a public official /public employee that is other than
compensation provided for by law is a private pecuniary benefit. Patterson, Order No.
1023. Governmentally paid insurance coverage is compensation, and it is a private
pecuniary benefit where it is not authorized by law. (See, Krane, Opinion No. 84 -001;
CowiQ, Opinion No. 84 -010; Davis, Opinion No. 84 -012; and Domalakes, Opinion No.
85 -010 for decisions under Act 170 of 1978).
In this case, our review of the first two provisions of the Borough Code set forth
above reveals that the Borough Council has the power to "fix the compensation" of
its officers, appointees, and employees which would seem to include the Solicitor. On
the other hand, the third Borough Code provision above, which sets forth the
Borough's specific powers to purchase this type of insurance, does not include
Borough Solicitors specifically or borough officers or appointees generally as among
those for whom such insurance may be provided by the Borough.
Given that the pertinent provisions of the Borough Code on their face do not
appear to authorize Borough Solicitors to participate in the Borough's health insurance
coverage at Borough expense, we hold that absent a judicial interpretation of the
Borough Code which would permit same, pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law
you could not participate in Manor Borough's health insurance coverage under an
arrangement whereby all or any portion of the premium would be paid by the Borough.
Dawson, 97 -003
March 7, 1997
Page 5
Turning to your alternative inquiry as to whether you would be permitted to
participate in the same coverage at your own expense, by having the Borough deduct
the cost of the monthly premium from your pay, we do not address payroll deduction
practices, but we do have jurisdiction to address, and we have previously addressed,
the question of whether a public official /public employee may participate in his
governmental body's insurance coverage at his own expense.
The less costly premiums which group insurance programs offer could certainly
constitute a private pecuniary benefit. Nevertheless, there have been instances where
we have determined that a public official /public employee who was not entitled to
governmentally -paid insurance could nevertheless participate in the governmental
body's group plan at his own expense.
In Keiter, Opinion No. 90 -004, decided under Act 9 of 1989, we held that a Tax
Collector for a Second Class Township could participate in the Township's insurance
program at his own expense, noting that he did not use the authority of his office to
so participate. In Domalakes, Opinion No. 85 -010, decided under Act 170 of 1978,
we held that a Borough Tax Collector could participate at his own expense in the
Borough's health insurance coverage.
Unlike the Tax Collectors in the Opinions cited above, who would play no official
role in the governmental body's decision as to whether to allow them to participate in
its insurance coverage, a Borough Solicitor ordinarily would play a role in advising
Borough Council in such matters. Since it would be your own participation in the
insurance coverage that would be at issue, you would have a clear conflict of interest
in matters involving your participation in the Borough's health insurance coverage.
You would therefore be required to abstain fully from such matters and to satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) set forth above.
Conditioned upon your abstention as Borough Solicitor and your satisfaction of
the Section 3(j) disclosure requirements as to matters involving your participation in
the Borough's health insurance coverage, if the Borough Council were to authorize
your participation in Manor Borough's health insurance coverage at your own expense,
such participation would not transgress Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law. Since the
Borough Council would be making the decision as to whether you could participate,
without any involvement by you as Solicitor, you would not be using the authority of
your office so that that particular element of a Section 3(a) violation would be lacking.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
IV. CONCLUSION:
A Borough Solicitor is a public official /public employee subject to the provisions
of the Ethics Law.
Given that the pertinent provisions of the Borough Code on their face do not
appear to authorize Borough Solicitors to participate in the Borough's health insurance
coverage at Borough expense, absent a judicial interpretation of the Borough Code
which would permit same, pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law a Borough
Dawson, 97 -003
March 7, 1997
Page 6
Solicitor could not participate in the Borough's health insurance coverage under an
arrangement whereby all or any portion of the premium would be paid by the Borough.
A Borough Solicitor would have a conflict of interest in matters involving the
Borough Solicitor's participation in the Borough's health insurance coverage and would
be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as to
such matters.
Conditioned upon the Solicitor's abstention and satisfaction of the Section 3(j)
disclosure requirements in matters involving the Solicitor's participation in the
Borough's health insurance coverage, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law would not prohibit
a Borough Solicitor from participating, with Borough Council's approval, in the
Borough's health insurance coverage at the Solicitor's own expense. The propriety of
the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(10), the person who acts in good faith on this opinion
issued to him shall not be subject to criminal or civil penalties for so acting provided
the material facts are as stated in the request.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, any person may request the Commission to reconsider its Opinion. The
reconsideration request must be received at this Commission within thirty days of the
mailing date of this Opinion. The person requesting reconsideration should present a
detailed explanation setting forth the reasons why the Opinion requires reconsideration.
By the Commission,
66
Daneen E. Reese
Chair