HomeMy WebLinkAbout95-001 McCabeDear Mr. McCabe:
I. ISSUE:
Before:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Roy W. Wilt
Austin M. Lee
Allan M. Kluger
John R. Showers
Rev. Joseph G. Quinn
Boyd E. Wolff
DATE DECIDED: 02/24/95
DATE MAILED: 03/10/95
William J. McCabe, Esquire
DeBernardo, Antoniono, McCabe & Davis, P.C.
11 North Main Street
Greensburg, PA 15601
Re: Conflict, Public Official, Municipal Authority, Member,
Compensation, Private Pecuniary Benefit, Use of Authority of
Office, Prospective, Term, Governing Body.
This Opinion is issued in response to your advisory request on
November 16, 1994.
II. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
95 -001
Whether under the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
members of a municipal authority, during the pendency of their
term, may vote to accept compensation set by the governing body
rather than having such compensation applied to subsequently
appointed members.
You are the Solicitor for the North Huntingdon Township
Municipal Authority (NHTMA), a sewage authority organized under the
Municipality Authorities Act and located in North Huntingdon,
McCabe, William J., Esquire, 95 -001
March 10, 1995
Page 2
Westmoreland County with a five member Board who serve staggered
terms. A copy of the NHTMA bylaws which are incorporated by
reference has been supplied.
The NHTMA Board members in the past have voted to pay
themselves a salary based upon service as Chairman, Vice Chairman,
Secretary and Treasurer pursuant to Section 309(c) of the
Municipality Authorities Act. Such salaries were abolished in
January, 1992.
The North Huntingdon Township Commissioners (NHTC) at no time
in the past have authorized, pursuant to Section 309(b) of the
Municipality Authorities Act, the NHTMA Board members to receive
compensation for their services as Board members. On January 3,
1994, the NHTC voted to approve a $100.00 per month salary for "any
member of the North Huntingdon Township Municipal Authority Board
who is legally able to accept such salary."
On behalf of the NHTMA Board members you inquire as to whether
the following two actions would transgress the Ethics Law:
"1. Voting to begin receiving the $100.00 per month salary in
the middle of their respective terms of office; and or
2. By casting an affirmative vote to initiate the payment of
a salary to themselves as a result of serving as NHTMA
Board members."
III. DISCUSSION:
It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and
7(11) of the Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are
issued to the requestor based upon the facts which the requestor
has submitted. This Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which
have not been submitted. Laser, Opinion 93 -002. It is the burden
of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material facts
relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An advisory
only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully
disclosed all of the material facts.
Second, this Commission, in the exercise of its jurisdiction
is limited to making determinations under the Ethics Law. In
making such decisions, it is necessary at times to review other
laws to determine whether a given benefit is authorized so that we
may conclude whether a public official /employee is receiving a
private pecuniary benefit contrary to the Ethics Law. However, it
is beyond the scope of the Ethics Law and the function of this
Commission to make determinations as to other state laws,
McCabe, William J., Esquire, 95 -001
March 10, 1995
Page 3
regulations or Constitutions. Accordingly, the scope of our
inquiry and our determination is limited to the Ethics Law.
As members of the Board of the NHTMA, Westmoreland County, the
Board members are public officials as that term is defined under
the Ethics Law and regulations. 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa. Code. §11.1.
As such, the NHTMA Board members are subject to the provisions of
the Ethics Law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The term "conflict of interest" is defined in the Ethics Law
as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
McCabe, William J., Esquire, 95 -001
March 10, 1995
Page 4
Our inquiry under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law is limited to
whether the NHTMA Board members may receive compensation set by the
governing body during their terms or whether such compensation may
be received by only subsequently appointed members. Although we do
not have jurisdiction to interpret the Municipality Authorities Act
of 1945 and the Pennsylvania Constitution as noted, it is necessary
in this case to review such laws to the extent that they impact
upon the Ethics Law regarding the issue of whether there would be
a use of authority of office to obtain a private pecuniary benefit.
We are aware of Article III, Section 27 of the Pennsylvania
Constitution which provides:
Changes in term of office or salary prohibited
No law shall extend the term of any public officer, or
increase or diminish his salary or emoluments, after his
election or appointment.
As to the above quoted provision of the Pennsylvania
Constitution, a question of interpretation arises as to the meaning
of "law" vis -a -vis the prohibition as to a salary increase after
election or appointment. It appears that the courts in
Pennsylvania have limited the above Constitutional proscription to
laws of the General Assembly but not to ordinances by municipal
bodies. See Baldwin v. Philadelphia, 99 Pa. 164 (1881); McKinley
v. Luzerne Township School District, 383 Pa. 289, 118 A.2d 137
(1955). Therefore, under the judicial precedent which has
interpreted the above Constitutional provision, it seems that there
is no constitutional bar for salary increases as to current
municipal authority board members.
The Pennsylvania Constitution notwithstanding, there is an
explicit statutory prohibition as to salary increases of current
municipal authority board members in the Municipality Authorities
Act of 1945, as amended, which provides in part:
B. Members shall hold office until their successors
have been appointed, and may succeed themselves, and,
except members of the boards of Authorities organized or
created by a school district or school districts, shall
receive such salaries as may be determined by the
governing body or bodies of the municipality or
municipalities, but none of such salaries shall be
increased or diminished by such governing body or bodies
during the term for which the member receiving the same
shall have been appointed...
53 P.S. 309 B
McCabe, William J., Esquire, 95 -001
March 10, 1995
Page 5
It is clear from the Municipality Authorities Act of 1945, as
amended, that salaries for municipal authority board members as set
by the governing authority "shall [not] be increased or diminished
during the term for which the member receiving the same shall
have been appointed." Id.
Given the above statutory prohibition, we believe that such an
increase in salary during the term of the board member is
unauthorized in law and hence would be a prohibited private
pecuniary benefit under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law.
Although we appreciate the disparity in salaries which will
arise between current and subsequently appointed members as well as
the inherent unfairness of such a situation, the letter of the law
is explicit in prohibiting such salaries to current members. We as
a Commission do not have the power to condone the receipt of a
pecuniary benefit under the Ethics Law when such benefit is private
as being unauthorized and in fact prohibited by law. Confidential
Opinion 93 -005.
From the above, it is clear that municipal authority board
members may not accept a salary increase set by the governing body
which may be received by only subsequently appointed members.
Since such compensation is prohibited in law, the voting to receive
that salary by current members would be a use of authority of
office to obtain a private pecuniary benefit. There would be a use
of authority of office by virtue of the members holding that
position and derivatively taking the salary as a result of public
office. Juliante, Order 809. The pecuniary benefit would be
private because it is not authorized in law. Marsh, Opinion 93-
007.
We therefore conclude that the receipt of salary by current
members is prohibited by the Ethics Law.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law.
IV. CONCLUSION:
Municipal Authority members are public officials subject to
the provisions of the Ethics Law. Municipal Authority members are
prohibited under Sections 3(a) of the Ethics Law from voting to
receive a salary increase set by the governing body during their
term which compensation would be applicable to subsequently
appointed members only.
McCabe, William J., Esquire, 95 -001
March 10, 1995
Page 6
Pursuant to Section 7(10)
on this opinion issued to him
civil penalties for so acting
stated in the request.
such.
, the person who acts in good faith
shall not be subject to criminal or
provided the material facts are as
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Finally, any person may request the Commission to reconsider
its Opinion. The reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of the mailing date of this Opinion.
The person requesting reconsideration should present a detailed
explanation setting forth the reasons why the Opinion requires
reconsideration.
By the Commission,
Daneen E. Reese
Chair