HomeMy WebLinkAbout94-004 SaurmanThe Honorable George E. Saurman
360 Mattison Avenue
Ambler, PA 19002
Dear Mr. Saurman:
I. ISSUE:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Before: James M. Howley, Chair
Daneen E. Reese, Vice Chair
Dennis C. Harrington
Roy W. Wilt
Austin M. Lee
Allan M. Kluger
Joseph W. Marshall, III
DATE DECIDED: 09/13/94
DATE MAILED: 09/21/94
94 -004
Re: Conflict, Public Official, Representative, General Assembly,
Lease, Automobile, Legislative Business, Purchase or Lease at
Expiration of Lease and Term of Office.
This Opinion is issued in response to your advisory request on
July 8, 1994.
Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents
any prohibition or restrictions upon a member of the General
Assembly who is not seeking re- election from leasing or purchasing
the vehicle which he leased for legislative business and for which
he received Commonwealth reimbursement.
II. FACTUAL BASIS FOR DETERMINATION:
You lease a 1991 Buick Park Avenue from Rorer Buick which will
have been driven at least 80,000 miles at the expiration of the
lease in December, 1994. Except for the last month of the lease
which is in its fourth and final year, you have received or expect
to receive legislative reimbursement for use of the Buick in
connection with legislative business as per the House Rules and
Expense Account Guidelines.
You are not seeking reelection for office as a Representative
Saurman, George E., 94 -004
September 21, 1994
Page 2
from the 151st Legislative District and your current term will
expire on November 30, 1994. You seek an advisory as to whether
you may obtain an extension of the lease without legislative
reimbursement or may purchase the leased vehicle out of personal
funds after the lease expires. If you are permitted to continue
the lease or purchase the vehicle with your personal funds after
retirement, you inquire as to what standards the Ethics Law imposes
upon you in connection with either transaction. You prefer to
retain the car because you have personally driven and maintained it
in a way that gives you confidence in its reliability. Conversely,
you have no assurance that another used car of comparable make and
year will have been maintained in equally good condition. You have
had no discussions with individuals at Rorer Buick regarding this
matter and will not do so until you have received this Commission's
direction with regard to your questions.
You have supplied a photocopy of your lease for the vehicle
which is incorporated herein by reference. The document appears to
be a standard form lease for a vehicle with the delineation of the
vehicle, its options and payment schedules with a grouping of
provisions concerning matters of insurance, warranties,
maintenance, loss or destruction of the vehicle, excessive wear,
and scheduled termination. In addition, clause 10 of the lease
provides as follows:
"OPTION TO PURCHASE. You will have the option to purchase
the vehicle only at the scheduled end of the Lease. To do
so, you must notify Lessor at least 15 days before the
scheduled end of the Lease. The purchase price will be
$7,548.00. You must also pay any official fees and taxes
related to the purchase."
You have also supplied a photocopy of your memo to the
Comptroller dated February 14, 1991 wherein you state: "I will not
buy the 1991 Buick Park Avenue at the end of my lease."
III. DISCUSSION:
As a Representative for the General Assembly, you are a public
official as that term is,defined under the Ethics Law, and hence
you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Saurman, George E., 94 -004
September 21, 1994
Page 3
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or a business with
which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The
actual power provided by law, the exercise of
which is necessary to the performance of
duties and responsibilities unique to a
particular public office or position of public
employment.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee
anything of monetary value and no public official /employee shall
solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the
public official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is
made to these provisions of the law not to imply that there has
been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
In applying Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law to the instant
matter, we are guided by our prior precedent in Cappabianca,
Opinion 89- 014 -R, wherein we held that a member of the General
Assembly could not select his own travel agency for airline tickets
as to travel for legislative business in that the tickets would
generate a commission to his agency. We also held that the
representative could not rent a portion of realty that he owned for
a legislative district office for which he would receive
reimbursement from the Commonwealth. The linchpin of our decision
in Cappabianca was based upon the use of authority of office by the
representative who would select the travel agency and the location
of his legislative district office by virtue of his position as an
elected representative and receive reimbursement from the
Saurman, George E., 94 -004
September 21, 1994
Page 4
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania which would be a pecuniary benefit
consisting of the commissions received by his travel agency and the
rental received for the legislative district office. We concluded
that such activities were not authorized in law and hence would
yield a private pecuniary benefit.
In the instant matter the question becomes whether such use of
authority of office, the right to lease a vehicle for legislative
purposes, would result in a private pecuniary benefit. To assist
us in that determination, it is necessary to review what is
allowable in law as to the lease of such a vehicle.
The Rules of the House of Representatives state in part:
RULE 14
Members' and Employees' Expenses
Such allowable expenses of members may be used for any
legislative purpose or function, including but not limited to the
following:
(1) Travel expense on legislative business.
(d) Car rental; voucher and receipt from rental agency
but reimbursement not to exceed in any month an
amount as may be approved from time to time by the
Committee on Rules. Any amount in excess of the
said amount shall be paid by the person renting the
car. In no event shall other than American
manufactured cars be rented.
In addition, the Expense Account Guidelines of the House of
Representatives provide in part:
(g). Members are permitted to be reimbursed by the Chief Clerk
from the Incidental Expense Account (001- 042 - 070), or
similar accounts under his exclusive control, for car
rental payments; for up to 95% of the actual vehicle
operating expenses; or for mileage for use of the
member's personal or leased vehicle. Payments under the
authority of this section to be paid by the Chief Clerk
shall not exceed in the aggregate $650 per month per
member. Car rental payments may be made for American
Manufactured cars only. Said leased vehicle payments plus
operating and mileage expenses in excess of $650 per
month may be reimbursed from the Members' Accountable
Expenses.
In the event the rental amount exceeds $650 per
month, any excess amount must be paid by the member and
cannot be reimbursed from any other account under his or
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September 21, 1994
Page 5
her control.
Reimbursement of excess mileage on leased vehicles
may be made on leases terminating on or after December 1,
1986, subject to the following limitations:
(i) The excess mileage liability must have been
actually incurred and due and owing at the time
reimbursement is requested due to termination of
the vehicle lease either prematurely or by virtue
of its term and may not include any charges
incurred as a penalty.
(ii) Excess mileage reimbursement may only be made for
usage within a period during which the lessee of
the vehicle was a member. In the event the excess
mileage charges are incurred for periods including
one(s) during which the lessee was not a House
member, reimbursement is limited to that portion of
the excess mileage charges determined by
multiplying the amount of the charges by a
fraction, the numerator of which shall be the
actual duration of House membership during the
lease period and the denominator of which shall be
the actual period the lease was in force.
(iii) Reimbursement of excess mileage may not exceed the
difference between authorized House maximum
reimbursement for vehicle leases and the actual
reimbursements made for the period of house
membership while the lease was in effect.
(iv) If the limitation in (iii) above and Section II(f)
applies, the unreimbursed excess mileage for the
applicable period may be reimbursed from the
member's Accountable Expense account.
(h) A member may, in lieu of the provisions outlined above
for reimbursement of leased vehicles, elect to be
reimbursed on a legislative use basis for up to 95% of
the actual expenses of the vehicle in accordance with
requirements established by the Comptroller of the House.
Members who receive reimbursement for actual operating
expenses shall have their session mileage payments
deducted from their actual expense reimbursements.
The Rules of the House and Expense Account Guidelines do allow
for the lease of a vehicle for legislative use subject to certain
limitations, one of which is a maximum reimbursement of $650.00 per
month for the lease.
Saurman, George E., 94 -004
September 21, 1994
Page 6
In the specific facts of this case, we conclude that the
purchase of this vehicle at the expiration of your term in office
would not be prohibited by the Ethics Law provided that the
purchase of the vehicle would be at "arms length" based upon the
fair market value of the vehicle at the time of purchase.
Turning to the issue of whether you may alternatively enter
into another lease of the vehicle after the expiration of the
current lease, we find that such a lease would not be prohibited by
the Ethics Law provided, once again, that it would be at "arms
length" based upon the fair market value of the vehicle at the time
of the subsequent lease. See Olasz, Order 851.
Our rationale focused upon the requirement in the Ethics Law
that there may not be a use of the authority of office to obtain a
private pecuniary benefit; if the purchase price or subsequent
lease is at arms length and based upon fair market value of the
vehicle, as we factually assume, there could be no private
pecuniary benefit and hence no conflict under the Ethics Law.
Lastly, we must note that you have agreed
1991 memo to the Comptroller of the House
purchase this vehicle. Although that issue
making our determination under the Ethics Law,
matter since it may be an issue for the House
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code,
ordinance, regulation or other code of conduct other than the
Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not involve an
interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed is
the applicability of the Legislative Code of Conduct.
IV. CONCLUSION:
A member of the General Assembly is a public official subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Law. A representative is not
prohibited under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law from purchasing or
entering a subsequent lease of a vehicle that was leased for
legislative business, with Commonwealth reimbursement, provided the
purchase or subsequent lease is at arms length based upon the fair
market value of the vehicle. The propriety of the proposed conduct
has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(10)
on this opinion issued to him
civil penalties for so acting
stated in the request.
such.
in your February 14,
that you would not
is not before us in
we do reference the
of Representatives.
, the person who acts in good faith
shall not be subject to criminal or
provided the material facts are as
This letter is a public record and will be made available as
Saurman, George E., 94 -004
September 21, 1994
Page 7
Finally, any person may request the Commission to reconsider
its Opinion. The reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of the mailing date of this Opinion.
The person requesting reconsideration should present a detailed
explanation setting forth the reasons why the Opinion requires
reconsideration.
By the Commission,
/e
James M. Howle
Chair