HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-014 AustSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
July 31, 1984
Mr. Robert A. Aust, Jr., Director
Bureau of Domestic & International Commerce
Department of Commerce
454 Forum Building
Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 17120
84 -014
RE: Commerce Director; Marketing and Sales Company; Section 3(a); Section
3(b)
Dear Mr. Aust:
I. Issue:
You would like to know whether you may establish a marketing and sales
company to merchandise a product manufactured by a Pennsylvania corporation
which you became aware of as a result of your public employment.
II. Factual Basis for Determination:
You are the Director of the Bureau of Domestic and International Commerce
in the Department of Commerce. As such, you are responsible for directing a
departmental program designed to attract both domestic and foreign investors
to Pennsylvania. Ycu also develop programs designed to promote increased
trade and investment relationships between the Commonwealth and foreign
entrepreneurs and investors.
You provide professional representation for local economic development
organizations in stimulating industrial and commercial businesses in locating
or expanding facilities in Pennsylvania in an effort to show to businesses the
advantages of locating or expanding in Pennsylvania, and you coordinate state
and federal resources with local agencies whose programs interact with the
Department of Commerce.
You state that you would like to establish a marketing and sales company
to merchandise an electric hot water heater by -pass system manufactured by the
Safe -Guard Company. The company would be established by you as a sole
proprietorship, and if a fictitious name were used, it would be registered
with the Secretary of State. You indicate that you would not actively engage
in the marketing and sales of the merchandise, but would have your father act
as a sales representative on a commission basis but you would retain revenues
generated in excess of commissions.
Mr. Robert A. Aust, Jr., Director
July 31, 1984
Page 2
You indicate that you became aware of the Safe -Guard Manufacturing
Company of Kulpmont, Pennsylvania, hereinafter Safe- Guard, who manufactures
the device you would like to market, through a realtor from Danville who
called on you to discuss several companies which he was attempting to assist
in the purchase of real estate and any state financial assistance available.
After your initial contact with the realtor, to whom you provided
guidelines for various state financing programs and to venture capital
sources, he contacted you again for various leads in state government where a
presentation might be made by the owners of Safe -Guard in an attempt to make
sales to governments. You state that you provided him with several names in
the Department of General Services.
You further indicate that he contacted you again to ask if you were
willing to meet with the principals of Safe -Guard for a demonstration of this
piece of equipment and you agreed to meet. You were later contacted and asked
to attend a media event at a facility in Kulpmont to announce the new patent
on technology used in this piece of equipment, which you agreed to do. In
conversation of May 1, 1984, you indicated that the patent approval in
question was obtained in 1983, but that even prior to 1983 this equipment was
available, sold, and installed in various locations. The purpose of the event
was to publicize this piece of equipment as applicable to many households, as
well as to engage it a "thank you" to government for taking the time to
provide information and encouragement to this new company. This device has no
industrial or commercial application at this time, however. You forsee
marketing of this device through the company you wish to establish to the
residential market. Particular emphasis as to the residential market would be
upon sales to large - quantity purchasers, rather than to individual
residences /owners. Large - quantity customers could include apartment
complexes, nursing /hospital facilities, for example.
You state that you have no reason to believe that the firm or its
principals will apply for or use any of the state incentive programs in the
near future, and that your involvement as Director would be and has been only
from an informational standpoint. As Director, your job is to assist
potential and expanding Pennsylvania businesses, but this role does not
require or extend to dealing with residential expansions, acquisitions, etc.
You further state that you feel that potential sales for the device on the
residential front will be quite favorable both domestically and abroad, thus,
your interest in establishing a company and the relationship with your father
to market the device. You are, however, concerned that because you became
aware of the device and the corporation which manufactures it as a result of
your public employment, a conflict of interest may exist. You have,
therefore, requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Mr. Robert A. Aust, Jr., Director
July 31, 1984
Page 3
III. Applicable Law:
The law to be applied to this question is as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities.
IV. Discussion:
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public official or
public employee or candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall solicit or accept,
anything of value, including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future employment
based on any understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be influenced thereby.
65 P.S. 403(b).
Section 1. Purpose.
The Legislature hereby declares that public office is a
public trust and that any effort to realize personal
financial gain through public office other than
compensation provided by law is a violation of that trust.
In order to strengthen the faith and confidence of the
people of the State in their government, the Legislature
further declares that the people have a right to be
assured that the financial interests of holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict
nor the appearance of a conflict with the public trust.
Because public confidence in government can best be
sustained by assuring the people of the impartiality and
honesty of public officials, this act shall be liberally
construed to promote complete disclosure. 65 P.S. 401.
As Director of the Bureau of Domestic and International Commerce in the
Department of Commerce, you are a "public employee" as that term is defined in
the State Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 402. As such, your conduct must conform to the
requirements of the State Ethics Act.
Mr. Robert A. Aust, Jr., Director
July 31, 1984
Page 4
Initially, the Ethics Commission notes that you became aware of the
product you planned to market as well as its manufacturer as a result of your
public employment. In light of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act as set forth in
Part III above, you are correct to question whether your proposed business
venture constitutes an appearance of a conflict with the public trust or a
violation of Section 3(a) in that you might be viewed as having used
information received through your holding public office to obtain financial
gain for yourself, a member of your family, or a business with which you would
be associated. See definition of "business with which he is associated ", 65
P.S. 402. The question, however, is whether this information is
"confidential."
As a result of the "media event" and the fact that the technology used in
this device has been patented and the device used for several years, it is
unlikely that this device or its technology can be said to be "confidential ".
Thus, your entry into this business venture would not, under these
circumstances, amount to a use of confidential information as restricted under
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act.
We must also review your question in light of Section 1 of the Ethics
Act. This Section of the Ethics Act states that "the people have a right to
be assured that the financial interests of holders of ... public office
present neither a conflict nor the appearance of a conflict with the public
trust." In your case, as Director of this Bureau, you are paid by the
Commonwealth to promote and support the location and expansion of businesses
in the Commonwealth. If you were to augment your salary as a public
employee /official by virtue of your association with one particular business,
such as the corporation you would form, a conflict of these financial
interests with the public trust would arise.
We are not stating that any actual bias would arise or that your ability
to perform your job as Director would be affected by a part -time job or
business venture other than the one proposed. However, in your capacity as
Director of the Bureau of Domestic and International Commerce you could be in
a position, in your capacity as Director, to assist or aid Safe -Guard or a
competitor of Safe- Guard. If you were to become a marketing agent for or
establish a company to market this device you would have to assure the public
that your financial interests in this venture do not conflict or appear to
conflict with the position of public trust which you hold as Director. We
recognize that you state that you have reason to believe that neither your
firm nor Safe -Guard will use any state subsidy programs in the near future,
and that your involvement would, as you indicate it has been to date with
respect to Safe- Guard, be strictly informational. However, we believe it
would be difficult to assure the public that, as Director, you would be able
to render impartial information or decisions with respect to Safe- Guard, your
company, this device, or competitors thereof given your proposed financial
interest in this venture.
Mr. Robert A. Aust, Jr., Director
July 31, 1984
Page 5
Accordingly, because you must assure the public that your financial
interests present neither a conflict nor the appearance of a conflict with the
public trust, given your position of public trust as Director, we recommend
that you decline to engage in this conduct while still serving as Director of
the Bureau of Domestic and International Commerce.
Finally, you must also be aware of and comply with Section 3(b) of the
Ethics Act as outlined above. We make reference to this Section of the Ethics
Act not to indicate that there has been any conduct which would be contrary to
this provision of tha Act, but in an effort to provide a complete review of
this situation. Likewise, should you decide not to take our recommendation
and to form this company to act as marketing or sales representative for this
device while remaining as Director, you should recognize that your actions as
Director may be viewed as affecting Safe- Guard, your company, this device, or
competitors thereof. Complaints of violation of the Ethics Act and may
require our further review. Further advice from the Commission may be sought
as needed.
V. Conclusion:
Because of Mr. Aust's position as Director of the Bureau of Domestic and
International Commerce, the Commission recommendsthat in order to avoid an
obvious financial conflict of interests, that Mr. Aust refrain from
establishing this company, acting as a marketing or sales representative for
this device, or further pursuing this opportunity while he continues as
Director of the Bureau of Domestic and International Commerce for the
Department of Commerce of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this opinion is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance of the advice given.
CW /rdp
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, any person may request within 15 days of service of the opinion
that the Commission reconsider its opinion. The person requesting reconside-
ration should present a detailed explanation setting forth the reasons why the
opinion requires reconsideration.
By the Com s ion,
HERBE B. ONNER
Chairman