HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-011 DoddsMr. J. Robert Dodds
c/o Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
Loughran, Mlakar & Bilik
704 First Natioral Bank Bldg.
Greensburg, PA 15601
II. Factual Basis for Determination:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308, FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
June 19, 1984
84 -011
RE: Penn Township; First Class Township; Commissioners, Insurance Coverage
Dear Mr. Dodds:
I. Issue:
On your behalf, Attorney Leslie Mlakar, solicitor for Penn Township, asks
whether you, a Commissioner of a First Class Township, may participate in and
have the Township pay premiums for your participation in insurance programs
such as group hospitalization, dental and life insurance programs.
Attorney Mlakar represents Penn Township, hereinafter, the Township, as
solicitor. This Township is a First Class Township and therefore, subject to
the provisions of the First Class Township Code, 53 P.S. 55101 et. seq,
hereinafter, the Township Code. Your solicitor has reviewed your question and
rendered an opinion concluding that you may participate in the Township group
hospitalization, dental and term life insurance plans and may request the
Township deduct the cost of premiums associated with these policies /plans from
your monthly compensation, but could not have the Township pay the premiums
for your coverage from general funds of the Township. You are particularly
desirous of participating in these plans and Attorney Mlakar suggested that
you follow -up on his opinion by seeking and securing our Opinion on this
matter.
For purposes of this Opinion we will also assume that the Township, at
Attorney Mlakar's advice, does not at present allow commissioners to
participate in these insurance programs; no other township officials are
currently enrolled in such programs and no other less than full -time Township
employees would be eligible for such programs, with the exception of a
part -time Secretary who is covered by the Township hospitalization plan.
Attorney Mlakar also added that insurance covering accident /sickness and
disability is available to Township workers on a deduction from payroll
basis.
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 2
III. Applicable Law:
Ethics Act:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Section 1. Purpose.
The Legislature hereby declares that public office is a
public trust and that any effort to realize personal
financial gain through public office other than
compensation provided by law is a violation of that trust.
In order to strengthen the faith and confidence of the
people of the State in their government, the Legislature
further declares that the people have a right to be
assured that the financial interests of holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict
nor the appearance of a conflict with the public trust.
Because public confidence in government can best be
sustained by assuring the people of the impartiality and
honesty of public officials, this act shall be liberally
construed to promote complete disclosure. 65 P.S. 401.
First Class Township Code:
§ 55703. Compensation.
Each township commissioner shall receive a salary of not
more than eight hundred dollars per year in townships
having a population of less than four thousand, not more
than twelve hundred dollars per year in townships having
a population of four thousand and more but less than ten
thousand, not more than fifteen hundred dollars per year
in townships having a population of ten thousand and more
but less than fifteen thousand, not more than twenty -four
hundred dollars in townships having a population of not
less than fifteen thousand and not more than twenty -five
thousand, and not more than three thousand dollars in
townships having a population in excess of twenty -five
thousand. Such salaries shall be payable monthly or
quarterly for the duties imposed by the provisions of this
act. 53 P.S. 55703.
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 3
§ 55603. Compensation.
Elected officers of townships shall receive such salary,
compensation or emoluments of office as may from time to
time be fixed by ordinance of the township in accordance
with provisions of section 703. Any change in salary,
compensation or emoluments of office shall become
effective at the beginning of the next term of the elected
officer. Appointed officers and employes of the township
shall receive such compensation for their services as the
township commissioners shall prescribe. 53 P.S. 55603.
§ 56801. Power to make contracts.
Townships may make contracts for lawful purposes and for
the purpose of carrying into execution the provisions of
this act and the laws of the Commonwealth. 53 P.S.
56801.
§ 56523. Insurance.
To make contracts with any fire insurance company,
association or exchange, including mutual companies duly
authorized by law to transact insurance business in the
commonwealth, insuring any building or property of the
township; to make contracts with any insurance company
insuring any public liability of the township; to
appropriate such amount as may be necessary to secure
insurance or compensation for volunteer firemen of
companies duly recognized by the township by motion or
resolution, killed or injured while going to or returning
or attending fires; to make contracts of insurance with
any insurance company, association or exchange authorized
to transact business in this Commonwealth insuring
township employes or any class or classes thereof under a
policy or policies of insurance covering workmen's
compensation, life, health or accident insurance, and to
contract with any such company granting annuities or
pensions for the pensioning of such employes, and to
agree to pay part or all of the premiums or charges for
carrying such contracts, and to appropriate moneys from
the township treasury for such purposes. 53 P.S. 56523.
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 4
§ 56811. Penalty for personal interest in contracts.
Except as otherwise provided in this act, no township
official, either elected or appointed, who knows or who by
the exercise of reasonable diligence could know, shall be
interested to any appreciable degree, either directly or
indirectly, in any contract for the sale or furnishing of
any supplies or materials for the use of the township or
for any work to be done for such township involving the
expenditure by the township of more than three hundred
dollars in any year, but this limitation shall not apply
to cases where such officer or appointee of the township
is an employe of the person, firm or corporation to which
the money is to be paid in a capacity with no possible
influence on the transaction and in which he cannot be
possibly benefitted thereby, either financially or
otherwise. But in the case of a commissioner, if he knows
that he is within the exception just mentioned, he shall
so inform the commissioners and shall refrain from voting
on the expenditure or any ordinance relating thereto and
shall in no manner participate therein. Any official or
appointee who shall knowingly violate the provisions of
this section shall be subject to surcharge to the extent
of the damage shown to be thereby sustained by the
township, to ouster from office, and shall be guilty of a
misdemeanor, and, upon conviction thereof, shall be
sentenced to pay a fine not exceeding five hundred
dollars. 53 P.S. 56811.
§ 58502. General repeal; acts saved from repeal.
All other acts and parts of acts inconsistent with,
supplied by or appertaining to the - subject matter covered
by this act are repealed. It is the intention that this
act shall furnish a complete and exclusive system for the
government and regulation of townships of the first class,
except as to the several matters enumerated in section 103
of this act. This act shall not repeal or modify any of
the provisions of the Public Utility Law, nor any law,
enforcement of which is vested in the Department of Health
or the Sanitary Water Board, or the provisions of any law,
the enforcement of which is vested in the Department of
Forests and Waters or the Water and Power Resources
Board. 53 P.S. 58502.
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 5
Insurance Code
§ 535 Group insurance authorized; state and municipal
officers, employes and dependents; deductions from wages
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, or any department or
division thereof, and any county, city, borough,
incorporated town, township, school district, vocational
school district or institution district may and are hereby
specifically authorized to make contracts of insurance
with any insurance company or nonprofit hospitalization
corporation or nonprofit medical service corporation
authorized to transact business within the Commonwealth
insuring its elected or appointed officers and employes or
any class or classes thereof, or their under
a policy or policies of group insurance covering life,
health, hospitalization, medical service or accident
insurance, and may contract with any such company granting
annuities or pensions for the pensioning of such employes;
and, for such purposes, may agree to pay part or all of
the premiums or charges for carrying such contracts, and
may appropriate out of its treasury any money necessary
to pay such premiums or charges or portions thereof.
The proper officer, agency, or board or commission of any
of the above political divisions or subdivisions, having
authority to enter into such contracts of insurance, are
hereby authorized, enabled and permitted to deduct from
the officer's or employe's pay, salary or compensation,
such part of the premium as is payable by the officer or
employee and as may be so authorized by the officer or
employe in writing. 40 P.S. 535.
§ 756.2 Group accident and sickness insurance.
(a) Group accident and sickness insurance is hereby
declared to be that form of accident and sickness
insurance covering groups of persons defined in this
section with or without one or more members of their
families or one or more of their dependents, or covering
one or more members of the families or one or more
dependents of such groups or persons and issued upon the
following basis:
(1) Under a policy issued to an employer or trustees of a
fund established by an employer, who shall be deemed the
policyholder insuring at least ten employes of such
employer for the benefit of persons other than the
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 6
employer. The term "employes ", as used herein, shall be
deemed to include the officers, managers and employes of
the employer, the individual proprietor or partnership,
the officers, managers and employes of subsidiary or
affiliated corporations, the individual proprietors,
partners and employes of individuals and firms, if the
business of the employer and such individual or firm is
under common control through stock ownership, contract or
otherwise. The term "employes ", as used herein, may
include retired employes. A policy issued to insure
employes of a public body may provide that the term
"employes" shall include elected officials. 40 P.S.
756.2.
Group Life Insurance.
532.2. Policies issued to employers or trustees of
employer funds.
A policy issued to an employer, or to the trustees of a
fund established by an employer, to insure employes of the
employer for the benefit of persons other than the
employer shall be subject to the following requirements.
(1) The employes eligible for insurance under the policy
shall be all of the employes of the employer, or all of
any class or classes thereof determined by conditions
pertaining to their employment. The policy may provide
that the term "employes" shall include the employes of one
or more subsidiary corporations, and the employes,
individual proprietors, and partners of one or more
affiliated corporations, proprietors or partnerships if
the business of the employer and of such affiliated
control through stock ownership or contract. The policy
may provide that the term "employes" shall include the
individual proprietor or partners if the employer is an
individual proprietor or a partnership. The policy may
provide that the term "employes" shall include elected or
appointed official. 40 P.S. 532.2.
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 7
IV. Discussion:
We have already asked and analyzed the question of whether these type of
insurance coverages constitute financial gain and whether they are
"compensation ". See Krane, 84 -001 and Davis, Request No. 84 -049, Opinion
filed on June 19, 1984. We will adopt the analysis in those Opinions as
applicable here and move to the last question of whether these coverages are
"provided by law" to be paid for the Township. Responding to this question,
we agree with Attorney Mlakar's conclusion that you may not participate in the
Township's insurance programs and have the Township pay the premiums
associated with your participation out of general funds of the Township. If
you were to acquire these coverages and the Township were to pay for same
(except by way of deduction from the monthly salary payable to you as
Commissioner, as Attorney Mlakar suggests), you would be securing financial
gain for yourself other than the compensation provided by law in contravention
of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act.
We have already analyzed those provisions of the Insurance Code, set
forth in Part III above with respect to Second Class Townships (Krane) and
Boroughs (Davis). Our analysis in this case is similar. We begin with the
premise that the First Class Township Code was intended to be the exclusive
mechanism and source of authority for governing such townships. See 53 P.S.
58502 and 53 P.S. 55103 (which did not "save" insurance as a topic or the
Insurance Code from repeal upon the reenactment of the First Class Township
Code in 1949). As with the Borough Code at issue in Davis, we conclude that
this Township Code repealed any reference to the Insurance Code provisions at
40 P.S. 535. The power of such a Township, as is at issue here, to
appropriate money to pay for premiums for insurance coverage for you, as
Commissioner, must arise from some other source.
The Township Code itself contains a general power to contract for
insurance but limits the "compensation" allowed for commissioners as well.
See 53 P.S. 55703. This limitation, when read in conjunction with the
mechanism prescribed in the Township Code (53 P.S. 55603) for increasing the
"salary, compensation and emoluments of office" as may be fixed by ordinance,
evidences the intent of the Legislature to limit and fix such payments.
Particularly in the absence of any Ordinance duly passed and prospectively
effective as required by 53 P.S. 55603 which would grant these insurance
coverages paid for by the Township, it cannot be said that you, as
Commissioner, can simply be added or ask to be added to these policies as a
matter of policy or practice.
Leslie J. Mlakar, Esquire
June 19, 1984
Page 8
We do not, by this statement, imply that Commissioners such as yourself
can grant themselves this coverage in the event of the passage of a properly
passed and prospectively applied Ordinance. Indeed, we question the reliance
upon the authority of 40 P.S. 532.2 and 756.2 as the basis for the Township's
payment of premiums for your coverage. While these coverages are within the
scope of compensation they are not clearly provided by law to be paid for by
the Township. As such, our conclusion is, consistent with Attorney Mlakar's
advice to you, that you must refrain from using your public office to secure
the payment of premiums associated with these insurance benefits by the
Township.
V. Conclusion:
As Commissioner, you cannot receive or secure for yourself, through the
use of your office, compensation -- whether considered monthly payment, salary
or the value of these insurance premiums paid for by the Township -- in excess
of the compensation allowed and limited by law and duly enacted ordinance.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits the use of your public office to
secure this financial gain beyond this limit because it is compensation and
not authorized by law. As Commissioner, you could participate in these
insurance programs without violation of the Ethics Act as long as these
limitations on the compensation provided by law are not exceeded.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this opinion is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance of the advice given.
Finally, any person request within 15 days of service of the opinion
that the Commission reconsider its opinion. The person requesting
reconsideration should present a detailed explanation setting forth the
reasons why the opinion requires reconsideration.
SSC /rdp
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.