HomeMy WebLinkAbout84-003 BlaneyFred B. Blaney
c/o William K. Eckel, Esquire
Suite 600
United States National Bank Bldg.
Johnstown, Pennsylvania 15901
II. Factual Basis for Determination:
III. Applicable Law:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
February 24, 1984
RE: School Director, Participation, Spouse
Dear Mr. Blaney:
I. Issue:
84 -003
You present the question of whether you face any restrictions as a School
Director and Teacher with respect to voting on certain contracts or items to
be presented to the School District in which you serve.
You indicate that you are an elected School Director in the Armstrong
School District, hereinafter ASD, and took office in December, 1983. You also
serve as a teacher in the Lenape Vocational Technical School, hereinafter
LVTS. The LVTS, we will assume, is comprised of and serves school districts
within the area, including ASD. As such, we will also assume as a matter of
fact, that the ASD Board of Directors will, on occasion, be asked to address
and rule upon questions vital to and effecting the LVTS.
Finally, you indicate that your wife is also a teacher serving in the
ASD. You indicate that your understanding is that you cannot vote on the
teacher's contract at the LVTS or on any contract with a business with which
you might be associated.
The law to be applied in this question is as follows:
Section 1. Purpose.
The Legislature hereby declares that public office is a
public trust and that any effort to realize personal
financial gain through public office other than
compensation provided by law is a violation of that trust.
In order to strengthen the faith and confidence of the
people of the State in their government, the Legislature
further declares that the people have a right to be
Fred B. Blaney February 24, 1984
Page 2
IV. Di scussion:
assured that the financial interests of holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict
nor the appearance of a conflict with the public trust.
Because public confidence in government can best be
sustained by assuring the people of the impartiality and
honesty of public officials, this act shall be liberally
construed to promote complete disclosure. 65 P.S. 401.
Section 2. Definitions.
"Immediate family." A spouse residing in the person's
household and minor dependent children. 65 P.S. 402.
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Obviously, you are, as a recently elected member of the School Board in
ASD, a "public official" as that term is defined in the State Ethics Act. As
such, your conduct as a public official must conform to the requirements of
the State Ethics Act. However, in reviewing your request and rendering
advice, we must initially note that the jurisdiction of this Commission is
strictly limited to the provisions of the Ethics Act and any interpretation,
opinion, or ruling rendered is provided only pursuant to the terms of the
State Ethics Act and interprets only that Act. Any opinion, ruling, etc.,
should not be viewed as providing an interpretation of or "clearance" to act
under any statute, rule, regulation, or other requirement than those expressed
within the Ethics Act itself.
Under the provisions of the Ethics Act, a public official may not use his
public office to secure financial gain other than compensation allowed by law,
for himself, a member of his immediate family, or a business with which he is
associated. In the facts as you present them, your spouse, a teacher in the
ASD, is to be considered within your "immediate family" as the term "immediate
family" is defined in the Ethics Act. However, the question then becomes
whether in discussing or voting on the adoption of the collective bargaining
agreement or in participating in decisions regarding teacher negotiations
involving the union which might represent your wife as a teacher within ASD,
you would be utilizing your public office to secure financial gain as
prohibited under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. We have recently reviewed
Fred B. Blaney February 24, 1984
Page 3
this matter in the context of a similar request for an opinion. See Krier
issued February 24, 1984. In this ruling, we stated that abstention would be
mandated under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act only where the spouse of a
school board director or the school board director himself would be
individually and specifically benefitted to an extent different or unique from
those benefits which would accrue to other similarly situated members of the
bargaining unit. In the present case you have presented no facts which would
indicate either you as a teacher within LVTS or your spouse as a teacher
within ASD would be directly and individually impacted or affected to a degree
different from those benefits which would accrue to other members within the
bargaining unit As such, as we stated in Krier, Section 3(a) would not
mandate that you could not vote on the ratification or adoption of the
collective bargaining agreement that would effect your wife as a teacher
within ASD or yourself as a teacher within LVTS.
Of course, in any such action, you would violate the State Ethics Act if
you were to use or provide confidential information acquired as a School Board
Director or allow such information to be used to your or your spouse's
benefit, as set forth in Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. No such information
which you acquire as a School Board Director should be transmitted to or
utilized to your benefit or that of your spouse in the context of the
collective bargaining agreement negotiations or otherwise.
However, even if no violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would be
apparent if you were to vote on the final adoption of the collective
bargaining agreement as to LVTS or the ASD, we must, as we stated in Krier,
review this question in light of Section 1 of the Ethics Act. In this process
we must again balance the goal of the duty of the School Director to perform
the obligations of his office, including dealing with the Union, against the
requirements that your conduct must present neither a conflict nor an
appearance of a conflict with the public trust. We rule here as we did in
Krier, that in order to assure the public that your financial interests are
sufficiently separated from your responsibilities to the public, that you, as
a School Director, should not participate in the negotiation process,
discussions, or meetings regarding the collective bargaining agreements with
respect to ASD or LVTS. In this way, your influence in the School District's
decisions and those of LVTS as to the direction and outcome of the negotiation
process can be eliminated and the possibility of the use or transmission of
the confidential information may be minimized if not eliminated. However,
when the final agreements are presented for adoption and ratification and
those agreements affect yourself and your spouse in the same manner or degree
as other members of the bargaining unit, you may participate in the final vote
as to ratification or adoption of those agreements.
Fred B. Blaney February 24, 1984
Page 4
V. Conclusion: Under the circumstances as set forth above, Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Act would not prohibit you from participating in the final vote on
the adoption or ratification of the collective bargaining agreement with
respect to ASO or the LVTS. Cautions with respect to confidential information
which are expressed in this Opinion must be observed.
However, in order to meet the purpose of the Ethics Act as expressed in
Section 1 of the Ethics Act and to minimize or eliminate the problems of use
of confidential information for Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. You should
refrain from participating in negotiations, discussions, and meetings
regarding these collective bargaining agreements although, as set forth above,
you may vote on the final adoption or ratification of same where:
SSC /rdp
1. You properly refrain from participating in meetings, negotiations,
and discussions as set forth above; and
2. the final agreement to be voted upon affects you and your spouse, as
teachers, no more than any other members of the bargaining unit.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this opinion is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance of the advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, any person may request within 15 days of service of the opinion
that the Commission reconsider its opinion. The person requesting reconside-
ration should present a detailed explanation setting forth the reasons why the
opinion requires reconsideration.
By the Commission ,