HomeMy WebLinkAbout83-013 GroveCharles B. Grove, Jr.
Blakinger, Grove, Chillas, P.C.
33 East Orange Street
Lancaster, PA 17602
II. Factual Basis For Determination:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
August 19, 1983
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
Re: Ambulance Association, Directorship, Voting
Dear Mr. Grove:
I. Issue:
83 -013
As Counsel for a Township Supervisor you ask whether he may participate
in certain decisions the Township may make regarding an ambulance association
which serves the Township.
Mr. Philip E. Bomberger currently serves as a Supervisor in East
Hempfield Township, hereinafter, the Township. He served in this capacity
since approximately 1972. Mr. Bomberger also serves as a director in the
Hempfield Ambulance Association, hereinafter HAA having been appointed as same
in 1981. As a director for HAA Mr. Bomberger receives no compensation. HAA
is a not for profit corporation. Mr. Bomberger, as a director, has excused
himself from HAA discussionTon the question of whether HAA should continue to
serve certain geographic areas within Hempfield Township or not. Currently
HAA serves approximately 14,000 persons. As Supervisor in the Township, of
course, Mr. Bomberger is an elected official and he does receive $25 per
meeting for those meetings which he attends in conformity with the provisions
of the Second Class Township Code.
It appears that during the month of September or early October the
Supervisors in the Township will be called upon to vote on whether or not the
"Wheatland Hills Area" within the Township, should continue to be served by
HAA. Notably, some people in the Wheatland Hills area desire to be served by
the West End Ambulance Association which is based in Millersville. As you
perceive the question that will be posed to the Township, the issue will be
whether the Wheatland Hills area of the Township should continue to be served
by the HAA or by the West End Ambulance Association. If HAA does not continue
Charles B. Grove, Jr.
August 19, 1983
Page 2
to serve the Wheatland Hills area, some 500 families may be affected and
potentially, be served by another association, and the "right" to solicit
memberships and funds from persons within that service area would be
transferred as well.
It should also be noted that the Township currently makes a small
donation to the HAA, the only Association currently serving the Township.
There are no guarantees that such contributions which are decided by the
Township on an annual basis, will continue. Whether these contributions
may remain the same or be decreased /increased is not necessarily dependent
upon the fact that HAA is or remains the only ambulance association serving
the Township. Indeed, if past practice similar to fire company contributions
is adopted, it is possible that Township contributions to two potential
ambulance associations would be pro -rated based upon the persons /area served
by each within the Township.
III. Applicable Law: -
The Law to be applied to this question is as follows:
Section 1. Purpose.
The Legislature hereby declares that public office is a
public trust and that any effort to realize personal
financial gain through public office other than
compensation provided by law is a violation of that trust.
In order to strengthen the faith and confidence of the
people of the State in their government, the Legislature
further declares that the people have a right to be
assured that the financial interests of holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict
nor the appearance of a conflict with the public trust.
Because public confidence in government can best be
sustained by assuring the people of the impartiality and
honesty of public officials, this act shall be liberally
construed to promote complete disclosure. 65 P.S. 401.
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
Charles B. Grove, Jr.
August 19, 1983
Page 3
IV. Discussion:
(b) No person shall offer or give to a public official or
public employee or candidate for public office or a member
of his immediate family or a business with which he is
associated, and no public official or public employee or
candidate for public office shall solicit or accept,
anything of value, including a gift, loan, political
contribution, reward, or promise of future employment
based on any understanding that the vote, official action,
or judgment of the public official or public employee or
candidate for public office would be influenced thereby.
65 P.S. 403(b).
Section 2. Definitions.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal
entity organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any business in
which the person or a member of the person's immediate
family is a director, officer, owner, employee or holder
of stock. 65 P.S. 402.
Initially, the Commission notes that as a statutory entity its
jurisdiction and its power are strictly limited to the authority granted under
the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 401 et. seq. Thus, it=has no authority to interpret
and /or enforce the provisions of any other code such as the Second Class
Township Code nor to undertake to interpret any agreements which may exist
between the Township, the County, or the Ambulance Associations referenced in
this Opinion. This Opinion should not be construed as clearance to act under
any other Commonwealth law or to review any other contracts, agreements, etc.,
between or among these persons or parties.
However, the State Ethics Act does require that the conduct of all
"public officials" must "present neither a conflict nor the appearance of a
conflict with the public trust." In this case, Supervisor Bomberger, as an
elected official clearly falls within the category of "public official" who
must conform his conduct to the requirements of the Ethics Act.
Charles B. Grove, Jr.
August 19, 1983
Page 4
Specifically, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act prohibits a public official
from using his public office or confidential information gained by virtue of
his holding a public office to obtain financial gain, other than compensation
provided by law, for himself, a member of his immediate family or a "business
with which he is associated." This last phrase is most important in relation
to our ruling in this case. A "business with which he (Mr. Bomberger) is
associated" must refer first and foremost to a "business" as that term is
defined in the Ethics Act. The definition of the term "business" refers
primarily to any business "organized for profit." Because HAA is not organized
for profit, it cannot be considered a "business" and therefore Mr. Bomberger
cannot be deemed to be "associated" with such a business as these terms are
defined in the Ethics Act.
Accordingly, it would not be a violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics
Act for Mr. Bomberger to vote on this particular issue as presented above
because in doing so, he would not be capable of obtaining, through his public
office or vote, financial gain for a "business with which he is associated ".
Likewise, because Mr. Bomberger is not paid as a director of the Board of HAA
it is difficult to perceive how his vote on this particular subject would
amount to an effort to realize personal financial gain through this action.
Notably, we have previously ruled that the Mayor of Bridgeville, even though
he served as a member of the Board of Directors of the South Hills Ambulance
Service, was not precluded from ordering the Bridgeville Police Department to
place emergency calls through that Association. See DeBlasio Order, No. 82.
In that case we determined that there was no evidence that the Mayor had
received direct or indirect personal financial gain from his order directing
the use of the South Hills Ambulance Service.
While the above discussion indicates that it would not be a restricted
activity for Supervisor Borfiberger, under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act to
participate in the decision of the Township as outlined above, we must review
the proposed conduct and question in light of Section 1 of the Ethics Act.
Under Section 1 of the Ethics Act we initially note that the Legislature has
declared that "any effort to realize personal finanical gain through public
office other than compensation provided by law is a violation of that trust."
Section 1 of the Ethics Act does not refer to or appear to be restricted in
application by reference to a public official's actions vis -a -vis a "business
with which he is associated" as is Section 3(a). We have previously concluded
that, under Section 1, an executive of Pennsylvania Blue Shield, a non - profit
corporation, would be compelled to abstain from participating in payment of
bills presented by Blue Shield to the School Board on which this Executive
also sat except where the payment is required by contract and where no dispute
exists with regard to such payment. See Stewart, 79 -070. In the present
situation, therefore, our precedent indicates that the fact that the HAA, like
Pennsylvania Blue Shield, is a non - profit corporation does not preclude the
Charles B. Grove, Jr.
August 19, 1983
Page 5
possibility that an official may be required, under Section 1 of the Ethics
Act, to abstain from participating in certain discretionary decisions and
matters presented by the non - profit entity the official serves to the public
body on which he also serves.
Thus, in this case, while there does not appear to be any immediate
direct or indirect personal financial gain to be garnered by Mr. Bomberger as
a member of the Board of HAA and as a Township Supervisor, the public has a
right, as the Legislature has decreed, to be assured that the financial
interests of public officials present "neither a conflict nor the appearance
of a conflict with the public trust." To achieve this goal, even where the
personal finanical interest of Mr. Bomberger may not appear to be impacted by
his participation in the Township's decision as to HAA, we feel that it would
be best for him to abstain from such participation.
This conclusion is also appropriate in light of Section 1 insofar as it
should not even appear that Supervisor Bomberger's interests or conduct
conflict with the public trust. Surely, because Supervisor Bomberger serves
on the HAA Board he must appear to favor HAA, to have his official judgment
vis -a -vis HAA affected by this association with HAA or the post he holds with
HAA. Therefore, abstention by Supervisor Bomberger on voting on the matters
presented by HAA to the Township is warranted.
We note that Mr. Bomberger's long standing service as a Township
Supervisor and his relatively recently undertaken service as HAA director,
coupled with the fact that he did not participate in HAA discussions regarding
the Hempfield Township - Wheatland Hills questions, lead us to conclude that
as a Supervisor, Mr. Bomberger, under these facts should be compelled to
abstain only from the Township's official votes on this matter. Mr. Bomberger
is capab a of providing information and thoughts beneficial to the Township's
decisions on this question and under these particular facts, we believe to
preclude his participation in discussions on this matter would be
counter - productive. Thus, so long as he abstains from the actual votes of the
Township when questions about "the jurisdiction of HAA or West End Ambulance
Association arise, he may, under the particular facts present here,
participate in providing the Township with the benefit of his knowledge on
this subject.
IV. Conclusion:
Under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act Mr. Bomberger would not be precluded
from participating in decisions of the Township relative to the Hempfield
Ambulance Association because it is not a "business" with which he is
"associated" as those terms and phrases are defined in the Ethics Act.
Charles B. Grove, Jr.
August 19, 1983
Page 6
However, if Supervisor Bomberger were to abstain from official votes he would
thereby comply with Section 1 of the Ethics Act. Assuming Mr. Bomberger
abstains from officially voting on this matter, he may under the particular
facts presented here, participate in discussions of the Supervisors on this
topic to provide them with the benefit of his knowledge and expertise.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this opinion is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts
complained of in reliance on the advice given.
SSC /na
This letter is a public record and will be made avilable as such.
Finally, any person may request within 15 days of service of the opinion
that the Commission reconsider its opinion. The ,person requesting
reconsideration should present a detailed explanation setting forth the
reasons why the opinion requires reconsideration.
By the Commission,