HomeMy WebLinkAbout82-009 WeissRoss Weiss, Esquire
Shor, Levin & Weiss, P.C.
Suite 6A, Wyncote House
Township Line & Washington Lane
Wyncote, PA 19095
II. Factual Basis for Determination:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
December 23, 1982
OPINION OF THE COMMISSION
RE: Whitemarsh Township Supervisors, Health Insurance Plan
Dear Mr. Weiss:
I. Issue:
82 -009
As solicitor for Whitemarsh Township, you ask whether the Township Board
of Supervisors may take advantage of a benefit plan available to other
Township employees.
Whitemarsh Township is a Township of the second -class in Montgomery
County. This Township, however, will become a home -rule community after
January 1, 1983. You have not indicated the nature of the Home -Rule Charter
which will be adopted as of this date. However, at the present time
Whitemarsh Township is governed by a five - member Board of Supervisors, three
of whom were also on the Board at the time the supervisors approved and
adopted a plan for health, life, hospitalization, medical services, and
accident insurance to be made available for the Township employees and paid
out of Township funds. This health insurance plan was adopted by the Township
on January 1, 1980, and at the time of its adoption and at the present time
the members of the Board of Supervisors are not participants or eligible to
participate in the plan.
The Board of Supervisors is contemplating expanding the definition of
"employee" in the present health and welfare plan to include the supervisors
while this Board of Supervisors is in office. The benefits that would be made
available to these supervisors would he no different from those benefits which
would be available to the other Township employees under the health and
welfare plan which, as indicated above, was originally adopted in 1980. These
Supervisors do not act as roadmasters as set forth in the Second Class
Township Code.
Ross Weiss, Esquire
December 23, 1982
Page 2
III. Applicable Law:
The law to be applied to this question is as follows:
Section 1. Purpose.
The Legislature hereby declares that public office is a
public trust and that any effort to realize personal
financial gain through public office other than
compensation provided by law is a violation of that trust.
In order to strengthen the faith and confidence of the
people of the State in their government, the Legislature
further declares that the people have a right to be
assured that the financial interests of holders of or
candidates for public office present neither a conflict
nor the appearance of a conflict with the public trust.
Because public confidence in government can best be
sustained by assuring the people of the impartiality and
honesty of public officials, this act shall be liberally
construed to promote complete disclosure. 65 P.S. 40I.
Section 3(a). Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall use his
public office or any confidential information received
through his holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for himself, a
member of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. 403(a).
IV. Discussion:
You raise the question as to the authority of the Township Supervisors to
purchase such health and welfare insurance and to include themselves in such a
plan. Initially, you referred to that provision entitled "Insurance" in the
Second -Class Township Code, 53 P.S. 65713 as authorizing the purchase of such
plans for Township "employees." You indicate that an article in the May, 1982
edition of the Pennsylvania Township News indicated that this section of the
Township Code provided an affirmative and clear authorization for the Township
to purchase health insurance for members of the Board of Supervisors. This
same article refers to the provisions of the State Insurance Code, 42 P.S.
756.2(a) as permitting the definition of "employee" within any such plan to
include elected officials. Based upon these citations you agree with the
opinion contained in the Pennsylvania Township News article that the
Supervisors in question may be included within the definition of "employee"
under these plans and, therefore, may be eligible to participate in such
programs.
Ross Weiss, Esquire
December 23, 1982
Page 3
However, as indicated above, the question of the legal authority, if same
exists, to participate in these programs does not necessarily answer the
question of the propriety, under the Ethics Act, of the proposed actions of
these Supervisors. Specifically, while we question and do not concede that
the authority -- either in the Township or Insurance Codes -- to purchase
such plan out of Township funds and to include these Supervisors (who do not
work in any other capacity for the Township other than as Supervisors), the
ethical consideration raised is whether or not these Supervisors can vote in
their own direct pecuniary interest in establishing such plan and including
themselves within the definition of "employee" under this plan.
Specifically, the Commission has previously ruled that the long- standing
principle that a public official cannot vote or act in his own direct,
personal, pecuniary interest remains applicable notwithstanding the purported
existence or authorization to purchase insurance policies in general for
"employees ". Any vote that these Supervisors would cast to include themselves
in a program of this nature and to alter the definition of "employee" to
affect this purpose would, in our estimation, amount to a vote which would be
prohibited by the Ethics Act, Section 3(a) as well as the long- standing and
obvious principles that a person may not use his public position to benefit
himself. See Coltar v. Warminster, 8 Pa. Cmwlth. Ct. 163, 302 A.2d 859
(1973). City Councilmembers v. Consumers Education and Protection
Association, Pa. , 428 A.2d 711 (1981). Indeed, the Commission has
held that in relation to acquisition of pension policies by supervisors of a
second -class township who also serve as roadmasters, such votes and
acquisition of cash surrender values associated with such policies violate
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act. See Hoak, 82 -128. Frankly, we continue to
seriously question whether the Township Code is specific or sufficient
authority upon which to conclude that supervisors, as elected officials, may
be generally considered to be "employees" for whom the Township Code
authorizes the Supervisors to purchase such insurance. In any event, we need
not definitively interpret either the provisions of the Township Code in
question or the Insurance Code where the proposal of these Supervisors is to
vote in their own interest to establish a plan or alter the definition of the
existing plan so as to benefit themselves. In such a situation, even assuming
that legal authorization to secure such a benefit is clear, the Supervisors
may not, consistent with general principles of law, and the specific
requirements of the Ethics Act, undertake such an action.
Ross Weiss, Esquire
December 23, 1982
Page 4
V. Conclusion:
Assuming, without deciding or conceding that the Township Code and or the
Insurance Code permit the inclusion of Township Supervisors as "employees"
within the definition of that term so as to be eligible to participate in a
Township - purchased health and welfare plan (similar to that available to other
Township employees), these Township Supervisors may not, consistent with the
requirements of the Ethics Act, award such an opportunity and benefit to
themselves. The Supervisors retain their characteristics and responsibilities
as "public officials." They must, as set forth in Section 1 of the Ethics
Act, assure the public that their own interests do not conflict with the pubic
trust. These Supervisors may not vote in the manner proposed here to secure
this benefit.
Finally, we note that if the provisions of the Home -Rule Charter which
will be effective in January, 1983, give rise to a different legal or factual
situation, you might be best advised to present this question to the
Commission again.
Pursuant to Section 7(9)(i), this opinion is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has
disclosed truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained
of in reliance of the advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, any person may request within 15 days of service of the opinion that
the Commission reconsider its opinion. The person requesting reconside-
ration should present a detailed explanation setting forth the reasons why the
opinion requires reconsideration.
SSC /rdp
By the Commission,