HomeMy WebLinkAbout752 KuhlmanIn re: Robert J. Kuhlman
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STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
: File Docket: 87 -154 -C
: Date Decided: June 21, 1990
: Date Mailed: July 9, 1990
Before: Helena G. Hughes, Chair
Robert W. Brown, Vice Chair
G. Sieber Pancoast
Dennis C. Harrington
James M. Howley
Daneen E. Reese
The State Ethics Commission received a complaint regarding a
possible violation of the State Ethics Act, No. 170 of 1978, 65 P.S.
401 et. seq. Written notice, of the specific allegation(s) was served
at the commencement of the investigation. A Findings Report was
issued and served, upon completion of the investigation, which
constituted the Complaint by the Investigation Division. An Answer
was filed and a hearing was waived. The record is complete. This
adjudication of the Commission is hereby issued which sets forth the
individual Allegations, Findings of Fact, Discussion, Conclusions of
Law and Order.
This adjudication is final and will be made available as a public
document fifteen days after issuance. However, reconsideration -may be
requested which will defer public release of this adjudication pending
action on the request by the Commission. A request for
reconsideration, however, does not affect the finality of this
adjudication. A reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of issuance and must include a detailed
explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted
in conformity with 51 Pa. Code §2.38.
The files in this. case will remain confidential in accordance
with Section 8(a) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 408(a) during the fifteen
day period and no one unless the right to challenge this Order is
waived, may violate confidentiality by releasing, discussing or
circulating this Order. However, ccnfidentiality does not preclude
discussing this case with an attorney at law.
Any person who violates confidentiality of the Ethics Act is
guilty of a misdemeanor subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or
imprisonment for not more than one year, 65 P.S. 409(e).
ADJUDICATION
I. Allegation: That you, a Benner Township Supervisor, violated the
following provisions of the State Ethics Act, in that you made a
motion and cast the deciding vote at the August 18, 1986 supervisors'
meeting to authorize the township solicitor to represent you in a
private matter, and you voted to pay the solicitor's bills regarding
this matter:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any confidential
information received through his holding public
office to obtain financial gain other than
compensation provided by law for himself, a member
of his immediate family, or a business with which
he is associated. 65 P.S. §403(a).
A. Findings
1. You served as a Township Supervisor in Benner Township,
Centre County, PA:
a. You have served in this position from January 1986 to
the present.
b. You also served as Road Superintendent from January
1986 to January 1989.
2. Since 1983, Benner Township has been involved in a.l zon
dispute with township residents Gloria and Larry Lohr, Sr.
a. By court order of the Centre County Court of Common
Pleas, handed down in 1983, the Lohr's ceased certain
activities on their premises.
b. At township meetings, members of the Lohr family have
attempted to debate the unfair treatment they received
with regard to zoning regulations.
3. On the night of August 4, 1986 a physical altercation
occurred between Robert Kuhlman and members of the Lohr family
after a township supervisors meeting outside of the municipal
building.
4. Minutes of the township supervisor's meetings reflect the
following in relation to the instant situation.
August 4, 1986
Heated argument followed by Mr.
Lohr and the supervisors, meeting
adjourned for five minutes to
settle the dispute. Mr. Lohr
disturbed about zoning regulations .
Mr. Robert Kuhlman
Page 3
August 18, 1986 Mr. Kuhlman made a motion to have
the township pay attorney fees for
the assault charges from August 4,
1986. Mr. Novak Esquire, the
township attorney is to repre'ent
the supervisors, seconded by Mr.
Cain. Motion carried. A voice
vote was taken. Supervisor Kuhlman
- yes, Supervisor Cain yes, and
Supervisor Meyer - abstaining.
September 15, 1986 Reflects a caption that bills were
reviewed at this meeting. Also
that Supervisor Kuhlman made a
motion for the bills to be paid
which was seconded by Supervisor
Cain and which passed unanimously.
Note: There was no listing of individual bills paid as' a
result of this motion.
December 3, 1986
Reflects that bills were reviewed
during this meeting. Supervisor
Moyer made a motion to pay the
bills, which was seconded by
Supervisor Cain. Records indicated
that the motion carried. Again, no
individual listing of bills paid
was noted.
5. Township records of payments to Solicitor Novak for services
rendered concerning the alleged assault were as follows:
Billing statement of September 12, 1986.
6 hours at $60.00 per hour, total $360.00.
Billing statement of November 26, 1986.
5.1 hours at $60.00 per hour, total $306.00
total $660.00
6. Records of the Centre County Court of Common Pleas, No. 1983
- 2652, concerning zoning in Benner Township, reflect that
Gloria and Larry Lohr Sr. agreed that they would cease the
following uses and activities on their premises:
a. Operating a trucking operation or maintaining trucks
used or sub - contracted to a trucking business as a
commercial enterprise. Parking trucks, tractors,/oor
trailers or back hoes and other vehicles or allo'fing
Mr. Robert Kuhlman
Page 4
employees to park such vehicles on their premises.
Maintaining storage and repair facilities or using
storage areas on their premises. Maintaining or
burning old tires or other miscellaneous junk on their
premises. Maintaining or storing any other type pf
materials or equipment for their business or commercial
use on their premises. Operating equipment which
produces such noise as to constitute a public nuisance
or disturbance to the neighbors.
7. As a result of the August 4, 1986 altercation, you filed
criminal complaints against three members of the Lohr family. A
summary of charges listed in the complaints follows:
a. At or about 8:45 p.m. on August 4, 1986, during the
course of a Benner Township meeting, defendants Larry
E. Lohr, Fred Lohr and Larry Lohr, Jr., engaged in
disorderly conduct. The defendants began jumping up
and down, pushing and throwing chairs and using obscene
language. The defendants then charged to the front of
the meeting room in a threatening, violent and
tumultuous manner. This action was directed in a
manner more intended for Supervisor Robert Kuhlman for
past action he had participated in as a member of the
board of supervisors of Benner Township and for action
taken or denied during the meeting. Following the
meeting, at or about 9:30 p.m., the victim Robert /
Kuhlman, was proceeding to his car located in -the(
parking lot of the township building when he was
physically confronted by the defendants. Words were
exchanged between the victims and the defendants when
Defendant Fred Lohr suddenly grabbed the victim in a
head lock, knocking his glasses to the ground. Fred
Lohr then threw the victim to the ground causing the
victim to suffer injuries. While the victim attempted
to get back on his feet, defendant Larry Lohr came over
and pushed him back to the ground causing further
injuries. While on the ground, witness Gordon Cain
observed defendant Larry Lohr Jr., walk over to where
the victim's glasses had fallen and Larry Lohr Jr.
deliberately stepped on and broke the victims glasses.
Robert Kuhlman has suffered neck and back injuries as a
result of being grabbed and thrown to the ground
incurring medical expenses in the amount of $193.95 and
has had to replace his broken glasses at a value of
$135.00 for total expenses in the amount of $328.95.
8. The criminal complaint that Mr. Kuhlman filed against the
Lohr's were not approved by the district attorney or the
district judge. /
Mr. Robert Kuhlman
Page 5
9. The second class Township Code provides as follows:
Section 582. Duties of Solicitor.
The township solicitor, when directed or requested so
to do, shall prepare or approve such bonds,
obligations, contracts, leases, conveyances, ordinances
and assurances to which the township may be a party; he
shall commence and prosecute all actions brought by the
township for or on account of any of the estates,
rights, against the township, or any officer thereof,
wherein or whereby any of the estates, rights,
privileges, trusts, ordinances, or accounts, of the
township, may be brought in question before any court
in the Commonwealth, and shall do every professional
act incident to the office which he may be authorized
or required to do by the board of supervisors or by, any
resolution. He shall, whenever required, the board of
supervisors, or any of them, with his opinion in
writing upon any question of law which may be.submitted
by any of them in their official capacities.
10. Robert Kuhlman believed that the Township Code Section 582
allowed the solicitor to review the matter because the events
occurred at a township meeting and were related to his position
as township supervisor.
11. The Lohr's had been disruptive during the township meeting.
12. Many neighbors complained to the township about noise and
conditions that would be similar to a junk yard at the Lohr's
property.
13. The Lohr's complained that other township residents were in
violation but were not being penalized.
III. Discussion: As a Benner Township Supervisor, Robert Kuhlman,
hereinafter Kuhlman is a public official as that term is defined under
the Ethics Act. 65 P.S. Section 402; 51 Pa. Code Section 1.1. As
such, his conduct is subject to the provisions of the Ethics Ac and
the restrictions therein are applicable to him.
Initially, it is noted that Section 5 of Act 9 of June 26, 1989
provides, in part, as follows:
"This amendatory act shall not apply to
violations committed prior to the effective date
of this act, and causes of action initiated for
Mr. Robert Kuhlman
Page 6
such violations shall be governed by the prior
law, which is continued in effect for that purpose
as if this act were not in force. For the
purposes of this section, a violation was
committed prior to the effective date .of this act
if any elements of the violation occurred prior /
thereto."
Since the occurrences in this case transpired prior to the
effective date of Act 9 (June 26, 1989), we must apply the provisions
of Act 170 of October 4, 1978, P.L. 883 to determine whether the
Ethics Act was violated.
Under Section 3(a), quoted above, this Commission has determined
that use of office by a public official to obtain a financial gain for
himself or a member of his immediate family or a business with which
he is associated which is not provided for in law transgresses the
above provision of law. Thus, use of office by a public official to
obtain a financial gain which is not authorized as part of his .
compensation is prohibited by Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon v.'State
Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. Ct. 529, 466 A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet
v. State Ethics Commission,, 109 Pa. Commw. Ct. 432 531 A.2d 536
(1987). Similarly, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit a
public official /employee from using public office to advance his own
interests; Koslow v. State Ethics Commission,, 116 Pa. Commw. Ct. 19,
540 A.2d 1374 (1988). Likewise, a public official /employee may not
use the status or position of public office for his own personal
advantage; Huff, Opinion 84 -015. /
In determining whether a violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics
Act quoted above occurred when Kuhlman made a motion and cast the
deciding vote to authorize the township solicitor to provide certain
legal services and voted to pay said solicitor's bill, we note that
the solicitor's services in question related to an altercation between
Kuhlman and the Lohr family after a meeting of the Board of Township
Supervisors on August 4, 1986. It appears that the Lohr family was
dissatisfied with certain zoning regulations that had been made in
that it affected their business of truck operation, maintenance,
storage and repair. In a criminal complaint which was filed by
Kuhlman against the Lohr family., it is alleged that the Lohrs engaged
in disorderly conduct at the August 4, 1986 meeting which was followed
by a physical altercation between members of the Lohr family and
Kuhlman in a parking lot after the township meeting had concluded.
Thereafter, Kuhlman requested the township solicitor to review the
legal ramifications of the above incident on the theory that the event
occurred at a township meeting and related to his position as township
supervisor. In an August 1986 meeting Kuhlman made a motion and cast
the deciding vote to pay fees to the solicitor for services regarding
the alleged assault.
Mr. Robert Kuhlman
Page 7
Although there has been a use of office by Kuhlman in making and
voting in favor of a motion, the necessary element of a financial gain
to himself does not in our view exist because it appears that Kuhlman
was merely making an effort to have the solicitor perform legal
research or relative to the matter of the conduct of public officials
or citizens at township meetings. In light of the above, we fin, that
Kuhlman did not violate Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act under'these
circumstances.
IV. Conclusions of Law:
1. As a Benner Township Supervisor, Robert Kuhlman is a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act.
2. Kuhlman did not violate Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act when he
made and voted in favor of a motion to pay the township solicitor's
bills regarding legal services which were related solely to township
business.
In re: Robert J. Uhlman
: File Docket: 87-154-C
I Date Decided: illne_43
: Date Mailed: Jailry
•
ORDER No. 752
1. Robert Kuhlman as a Benner Township Supervisor did-not/
violate Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act when he made and
voted in favor of a motion to pay the township solicitor's
bills regarding legal services which were related solely to
township business.
BY TH COMMISSION,
ELENA G. HUGHES, CHAIR