HomeMy WebLinkAbout781 WhittingtonIn re: Kenneth Whittington
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
: File Docket: 86 -036 -C
: Date Decided: February 14, 1991
: Date Mailed: February 28, 1991
Before: Robert W. Brown, Vice Chair
G. Sieber Pancoast
Dennis C. Harrington
Daneen E. Reese
Roy W. Wilt
The State Ethics Commission received a complaint regarding a
possible violation of the State Ethics Act, No. 170 of 1978, 65 P.S.
401 et. seq. Written notice, of the specific allegation(s) was served
at the commencement of the investigation. A Findings Report was
issued and served, upon completion of the investigation, which
constituted the Complaint by the Investigation Division. An Answer
was filed and a hearing was waived. The record is complete. This
adjudication of the Commission is hereby issued which sets forth the
individual Allegations, Findings of Fact, Discussion, Conclusions of
Law and Order.
This adjudication is final and will be made available as a public
document fifteen days after issuance. However, reconsideration may be
requested which will defer public release of this adjudication pending
action on the request by the Commission. A request for
reconsideration, however, does not affect the finality of this
adjudication. A reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of issuance and must include a detailed
explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration should be granted
in conformity with 51 Pa. Code 52.38.
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance
with Section 8(a) of the Ethics Act, 65 P.S. 408(a) during the fifteen
day period and no one unless the right to challenge this Order is
waived, may violate confidentiality by releasing, discussing or
circulating this Order. However, confidentiality does not preclude
discussing this case with an attorney at law.
Any person who violates confidentiality of the Ethics Act is
guilty of a misdemeanor subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or
imprisonment for not more than one year, 65 P.S. 409(e).
ADJUDICATION
I. Allegation: Kenneth Whittington, as a member of the Board of
Private Correspondence Schools, violated Section 3(a) of the State
Ethics Act (Act 170 of 1978), which prohibits a public employee or
public official's use of office or confidential information gained
through that office to obtain financial gain in that you have voted to
approve licensing and relicensing of various schools operated by firms
with which you are associated with as well as the licensing and
relicensing of administrative and instructional staff of said firms.
II. Findings:
1. Kenneth Whittington served as a member of the PA State
Board of Private Correspondence Schools between 1981 and
1986.
2. Kenneth Whittington was employed by Northeastern Technical
Institute, Inc. from January 1983 to January 1985.
a. He served as President of Superior Training Services
from January 1985 to January 1990.
b. He received compensation from N.T.I., Inc.
3. Both Northeastern Technical Institute, Inc. and Superior
Training Services were separately operated school entities
owned by the parent company, Continental Training Services,
Inc.
a. Both N.T.I. and S.T.S. operated as separate entities
with separate staffs and were accredited by separate
accrediting commissions.
4. The responsibilities of the members of the State Board of
Private Correspondence Schools, included but were not
limited to:
a. Voting for the licensing and relicensing of
correspondence schools.
b. Voting for the licensure and re- licensure of agents and
instructional /administrative staff for the same.
5. The PA Department of Education compiles lists of agents,
administrative and instructional staff which are presented
to the board and voted on in their entirety.
a. Board members have no involvement in the preparation of
these lists.
6. Kenneth Whittington voted at meetings of the PA State Board
of Private Correspondence Schools on matters pertaining to
Superior Training, Inc.
Mr. Kenneth Whittington
Page 2
a. April 17, 1984
He seconded and voted on the motion to approve a list
of agents. George A. Eberhart of Superior Training,
Inc. was on this list.
b. July 20, 1984
He seconded and voted on a motion to approve Superior
Training's request for approval to solicit students in
Pennsylvania.
c. July 19, 1985
He voted to approve the following:
1) A list of out -of -state schools which included
Superior Training Services of 301 West Indian
School Road, Suite 111, Phoenix, Arizona 85067.
2
3
The new agent licensing of Hugh G. Norris and
William W. White, Jr. of Superior Training.
The license renewal of the following Superior
Training agents: Carl Alicandro, John Forrester,
John Regan, Claire Swanger, Hugh Norris, William
White and Frederick Peech.
e. September 13, 1985
He voted to approve twelve agents of Superior
Training.
f. December 6,1985
He moved and voted to approve:
1) The administration and instructional staff list
which included five Superior Training employees.
2) The license renewal of agents, Steven Miller and
Matthew Zema.
7. Kenneth Whittington abstained from voting on matters
pertaining to Superior Training on the following occasions:
a. December 6, 1985
Mr. Kenneth Whittington
Page 3
He abstained from voting on the license approval for
Superior Training Services.
b. February 13, 1986
He was asked to reconsider some of his votes from the
Board's December 6, 1985 meeting. He abstained from
the vote which pertained to Superior Services, Inc.
c. May 16, 1986
He abstained from all voting pertaining to Superior!
Services.
d. July 18, 1986
He excused himself from board matters which related to
Superior Services as of this date.
8. Whittington was never informed that his voting on Superior
issues was a potential Conflict of Interest.
a. His board votes were not used to enhance his position
with Superior Training.
b. Voting practices of board members changed after
Whittington, Burns, and McCloy received a letter from
the State Ethics Commission indicating an
investigation into the matter.
III. Discussion: As a member of the Board of Private Correspondence
Schools, Kenneth Whittington, hereinafter Whittington, was a public
official as that term is defined under the Ethics Act, 65 P.D. 402;
51 Pa. Code §1.1. As such, his conduct is subject to the provisions
of that law.
Initially, it is noted that Section 5 of Act 9 of June 26, 1989
provides, in part, as follows:
"This amendatory act shall not apply to
violations committed prior to the effective date
of this act, and causes of action initiated for
such violations shall be governed by the prior
law, which is continued in effect for that purpose
as if this act were not in force. For the
purposes of this section, a violation was
committed prior to the effective date of this act
if any elements of the violation occurred prior
thereto."
Mr. Kenneth Whittington
Page 4
Since the occurrences in this case transpired prior to the
effective date of Act 9 (June 26, 1989), we must apply the provisions
of Act 170 of October 4, 1978, P.L. 883 to determine whether the
Ethics Act was violated.
Under Section 3(a), quoted above, this Commission has determined
that use of office by a public official to obtain a financial gain for
himself or a member of his immediate family or a business with which
he is associated which is not provided for in law transgresses the
above provision of law. Thus, use of office by a public official to
obtain a financial gain which is not authorized as part of his
compensation is prohibited by Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon v. State
Ethics Commission, 77 Pa. Commw. Ct. 529, 466 A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet
v. State Ethics Commission, 109 Pa. Commw. Ct. 432 531 A.2d 536
(1987). Similarly, Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit a
public official /employee from using public office to advance his own
interests; Koslow v. State Ethics Commission, 116 Pa. Commw. Ct. 19,
540 A.2d 1374 (1988). Likewise, a public official /employee may not
use the status or position of public office for his own personal
advantage; Huff, Opinion 84 -015.
The allegation before us is whether Whittington while a member of
the Board of Private Correspondence Schools violated Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Act as to voting to approve the licensure or re- licensure
of various schools or agents and staff thereof when he was associated
with businesses which operated the schools.
In the instant matter, Whittington served on the Board of Private
Correspondence Schools between 1981 and 1986. Part of Whittington's
duties on the Board was to vote on the licensure /re- licensure of
schools and their agents or staff. Such action occurred when the PA
Department of Education compiled and submitted lists for groups of
agents and staff for Board action. The Board members had no
involvement in the preparation of the lists.
The Northeastern Technical Institute, Inc. (N.T.I.) and Supervisor
Training Services (STS) by which Whittington was employed between 1983
and 1985 and between 1985 and 1990 respectively were each a "business
with which...[Whittington] is associated ". The term "business with
which he is associated is defined under the Act as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the
person's immediate family is a director, officer,
owner, employee or holder of stock. 65 P.S. 5402.
Mr. Kenneth Whittington
Page 5
In a April 17, 1984 meeting of the Private Correspondence Schools
Board, Whittington seconded and voted in favor of a motion to approve
lists of agents which included George A. Eberhart of STS. Likewise,
in a July 20, 1984 meeting, Whittington seconded and voted in favor of
a motion to approve STS's request to solicit students in Pennsylvania.
Thereafter, at a July 19, 1985 Board meeting, Whittington voted to
approve a list of out -of -state schools which included STS, new agent
licensing for STS and the renewal of seven STS agents. Whittington
voted to approve twelve STS agents in a September 13, 1985 Board
meeting and finally moved and voted to approve the administration/
instructurial staff list which included five STS employees as well as
the license renewal of two agents at the December 6, 1985 Board
meeting. Parenthetically, although Whittington was not employed by
STS in 1984 when he took certain actions as to that business, he was
employed by NTI which along with STS were both owned by Continental
Training Services, Inc. Subsequently, at four separate Board meetings
during 1986, Whittington abstained from voting on matters pertaining
to STS.
In applying Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act to the instant matter,
we find a technical violation. Whittington did make or second motions
and vote which constitutes a use of office. A financial gain resulted
as to the business with which he is associated through the
licensure /re- licensure of agents of that business. Obviously such
action enabled STS to continue to function and thereby received
tuition or fees through their operation. The compensation is other
than provided by law because there is no provision in law which allows
for the voting to approve the licensing or re- licensing of agents or
affiliated schools of the business with which the public official is
associated. Burns, Order 776; McClov, Order 763.
We do note that at several meetings, Whittington abstained.
Additionally, Whittington did not realize a personal financial gain as
a result of his actions. Lastly, the practice of voting on group
listings of schools /agents occurred because the Pennsylvania
Department of Education prepared and submitted the lists in that
manner. In light of the above and the totality of the facts and
circumstances in this case, we will take no further action.
IV. Conclusions of Law:
1. Kenneth Whittington as a member of the Board of Private
Correspondence Schools was a public official subject to the
provisions of the Ethics Act.
2. A technical violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act occurred
when Whittington voted to approve the licensure /re- licensure of
agents or affiliates of STS at a time when he was associated with
that business.
In re: Kenneth Whittington
: File Docket: 86 -036 -C
: Date Decided: February 14, 1991
: Date Mailed: February 28, 1991
ORDER No. 781
1. A technical violation of Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act
occurred when Kenneth Whittington as a member of the Board
of Private Correspondence Schools, voted to approve the
licensure /re- licensure of agents or affiliates of STS at a
time when he was associated with that business.
2. In light of the fact that there was no financial gain
realized and the totality of the facts and circumstances,
this Commission will take no further action in this case.
BY THE COMMISSION,
/4.Z./k)
ROBERT W. BROWN, VICE CHAIR