HomeMy WebLinkAbout974 WarsoIn Re: Mick Warso
4 :l
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
Before:
File Docket: 94- 030 -C2
Date Decided: 05/04/95
Date Mailed: 05/16/95
Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Austin M. Lee, Vice Chair
Roy W. Wilt
Boyd E. Wolff
The Investigative Division of the State Ethics Commission
conducted an investigation regarding a possible violation of the
State Ethics Law, Act 9 of 1989, P.L. 26, 65 P.S. §401 et sec.
Written notice of the specific allegation(s) was served at the
commencement of the investigation. A Findings Report was issued
and served upon completion of the investigation which constituted
the Complaint by the Investigation Division. An Answer was not
filed and a hearing was deemed waived. The record is complete.
This adjudication of the Commission is hereby issued which sets
forth the individual Allegations, Findings of Fact, Discussion,
Conclusions of Law and Order.
This adjudication is final and will be made available as a
public document fifteen days after issuance. However, reconsidera-
tion may be requested which will defer public release of this
adjudication pending action on the request by the Commission. A
request for reconsideration does not affect the finality of this
adjudication. A reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within fifteen days of issuance and must include a
detailed explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration
should be granted in conformity with 51 Pa. Code §21.29(b).
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance
with Act 9 of 1989, 65 P.S. 5408(h). Any person who violates
confidentiality of the Ethics Law is guilty of a misdemeanor
subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not
more than one year, 65 P.S. 5409(e). Confidentiality does not
preclude discussing this case with an attorney at law.
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 2
I. ALLEGATION:
That Mick Warso, a public official /public employee, in his
capacity as a councilman for Lawrenceville Borough, Tioga County,
violated provisions of the State Ethics Act (Act 9 of 1989) when he
participated in actions of borough council and cast the deciding
votes pertaining to his employer, the Lawrenceville Borough
Authority.
II. FINDINGS:
Section 3
(a)
ee shall
conflict
. Restricted Activities
No public official or public :employ -
engage in conduct that constitutes a
of interest. 65 P.S. 5403(a).
Section 2. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict
of interest" does not include an action having
a de minimis economic impact or which affects
to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employ-
ee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. 65 P.S. §402.
1. On April 11, 1994, the Investigative Division of the State
Ethics Commission received a signed, sworn complaint alleging
that Mick Warso violated provisions of the State Ethics Act
(Act 9 of 1989) .
2. Upon review of the complaint by the Director of Investigations
a recommendation was made to the Executive Director to
commence a preliminary inquiry.
3. At the direction of the Executive Director, the Investigative
Division initiated a preliminary inquiry on May 10, 1994.
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 3
4. The preliminary inquiry was completed within sixty days.
5. On July 7, 1994, a letter was forwarded to Mick Warso, by the
Executive Director of the State Ethics Commission informing
him that a complaint against him was received by the Investi-
gative Division and that a full investigation was being
commenced.
a. Said letter was forwarded by certified mail, No. P 016
239 391.
b. The domestic return receipt bore the signature of Mick
Warso, with a delivery date of July 8, 1994.
6. The full investigation was commenced at the direction of the
Executive Director of the State Ethics Commission.
7. On November 2, 1994, the Executive Director of the State
Ethics Commission filed an application for a ninety day
extension of time to complete the Investigation.
8. The Commission issued an order on December 15, 1994, granting
the ninety day extension.
9. The Investigative Complaint was mailed to the Respondent on
March 29, 1995.
10. Mick Warso served as a Councilman for Lawrenceville Borough,
Tioga County, from 1979 to July, 1994.
a. Warso is a member of the Borough's Fire Department.
b. He is also a member of the Borough's Ambulance Crew.
c. Warso resigned his position in July, 1994.
11. The Lawrenceville Borough Authority provides water and sewage
services for borough residents.
a. The Authority has a seven member board to conduct its
business.
b. The Authority has been in existence since 1974.
c. Members of the Authority are appointed by Borough
Council.
d. A Plant Operator, Assistant Plant Operator and a Secre-
tary are employed by the Authority.
12. Mick Warso has been employed by the Authority as Plant
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 4
Operator from 1978 to the present.
13. He earns a straight salary of about $24,000.00 per year.
14. The Borough Authority has experienced financial difficulties
for many years.
a. As a result the Borough and the Authority shared office
expenses.
b. A secretary was shared by both the Authority and the
Borough.
c. The Authority offices were housed in the Borough Build-
ing.
d. The secretary worked half days for the Borough and the
remaining half days for the Authority.
e. This arrangement was in place since 1989.
15. In March, 1994, three members of Borough Council who comprised
the Finance Committee, believed that the Borough Authority was
not paying its share of expenses at the Borough Office and
suggested the following changes.
a. That the Borough Secretary and the Authority Secretary
not be the same person.
b. That separate offices by established for the Borough and
the Authority.
c. That the Borough hire a secretary through a temporary
agency for 12 hours a week, effective immediately.
d. That the Authority be moved out of the Borough Office
within two weeks.
e. And that the Authority be allowed to hold meetings in the
Borough Building when a larger room is needed for its
meeting.
16. At the Borough Council Meeting of April 4, 1994, the following
motion was made to pass the changes as set forth in Finding
No. 15.
a. Councilman Brockway brought up his feelings that the
Lawrenceville Borough Authority was not paying their
share of utility expenses with regard to the Borough
office. Motion made by Jim Brockway and seconded by Bob
Kenyon that the Lawrenceville Borough Authority secretary
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 5
and the Lawrenceville Borough secretary not be the same
person; the Lawrenceville Borough office and the
Lawrenceville Borough Authority office be separate
offices; that Lawrenceville Borough hire a secretary
through Temp Force for 12 hours per week effective
immediately; the Lawrenceville borough Authority be
moved out of the Borough office within two weeks; and
the Lawrenceville Borough Authority be allowed to hold
meetings in the Borough building if they need a larger
room for their meeting.
Motion was defeated by a roll call vote with Bob Kenyon,
Jim Brockway and Gordon Chilsolm voting yea to the motion
and Mick Warso, Larry Barnes, and Millie Bliss voting nay
to the motion and Mayor Terry Schroeder casting a tie
breaker vote of nay to the motion.
1.7. Some Borough Council members, including Mick Warso, were not
aware that such a motion would be made at this meeting.
18. Councilman Warso voted "no" to this motion.
a. His vote resulted in a 3 -3 tie.
b. The Borough Mayor then cast a tie - breaker vote of "no"
and the motion was defeated.
19. During his previous 15 years on Borough Council, Warso had
abstained from voting when Authority matters were involved.
20. Warso voted "no" because he had difficulty in accepting this
motion without in depth discussion.
a. He believed that the three councilmembers, who composed
the Council Finance Committee, wanted to terminate the
secretary and force their views on other councilmembers.
b. Warso believed that hiring a new secretary through a
temporary agency for only 12 hours per week presented
hiring problems.
c. Warso stated that he would have sought an opinion from
the State Ethics Commission if he had known in advance
that such a motion was going to be made on April 4, 1994.
21. In October, 1994, the Authority established its own office in
the sewer plant building.
a. A secretary is employed by the Authority at this office.
b. All expenses for this arrangement are borne by the
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 6
Authority.
22. The actions taken by Lawrenceville Borough Council on April 4,
1994, did not effect the employment status of Warso with the
Authority.
III. DISCUSSION:
As a councilman for Lawrenceville Borough, Tioga County, Mick
Warso, hereinafter Warso, was a public official as that term is
defined under Act 9 of 1989. 65 P.S. §402. As such, his conduct
is subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law and the restrictions
therein are applicable to him.
Initially, it is noted that Section 9 of Act 9 of June 26,
1989 provides, in part, as follows:
This amendatory act shall not apply to
violations committed prior to the 'effective
date of this act, and causes of action initi-
ated for such violations shall be governed by
the prior law, which is continued in effect
for that purpose as if this act were not in
force. For the purposes of this section, a
violation was committed prior to the effective
date of this act if any elements of the viola-
tion occurred prior thereto.
Since the occurrences in this case transpired after the
effective date of Act 9 (June 26, 1989), we must apply the
provisions of Act 9 to determine whether the Ethics Act was
violated.
Under Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 quoted above, a public
official /employee shall not engage in conduct that constitutes a
conflict of interest. The term "conflict of interest" is defined
under Act 9 of 1989 in the allegations.
The question before us is whether Warso, as a councilman for
Lawrenceville Borough, violated Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 when
he cast the deciding vote in a matter resulting in the private
pecuniary benefit of his employer, the Lawrenceville Borough
Authority.
Factually, Warso served as a councilman for Lawrenceville
Borough, Tioga County, from 1979 until 1994, when he resigned.
From 1978 to the present, Warso has been employed by the Lawrence-
ville Borough Authority as plant operator. The authority provides
water and sewage services for borough residents and has experienced
financial difficulties for many years. Due to its financial
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 7
difficulties, the authority shared office expenses with the
borough. They shared a secretary, who worked half days for the
authority and half days for the borough, and the authority's
offices were housed in the borough building. This arrangement was
in place since 1989.
In March 1994, three members of borough council comprising the
finance committee believed that the authority was not paying its
share of expenses and suggested changes, which were subsequently
expressed in a motion by Councilmember Brockway, seconded by
Councilmember Kenyon at the April 4, 1994, borough council meeting.
Brockway expressed his feeling that the authority was not paying
its share of utility expenses and moved that the borough secretary
and the authority secretary not be the same person, that the
borough hire a secretary through a temporary agency for twelve
hours a week, effective immediately, that the authority be moved
out of the borough office within two weeks, and that the authority
be allowed to hold meetings in the borough building if it needs a
larger room. Some borough councilmembers, including Warso, were
not aware that such a motion would be made at that meeting. Warso
voted "no" to this motion resulting in a 3 -3 tie that the mayor
broke by voting no, which defeated the motion. During his previous
fifteen years on the borough council, Warso had abstained from
voting when authority matters were involved. Warso voted "no"
because he had difficulty in accepting this motion without in -depth
discussion. He believed the councilmembers who comprised the
finance committee wanted to terminate the secretary and force their
views on other councilmembers. He also believed hiring a secretary
through a temporary agency for only twelve hours a week presented
hiring problems. Warso also stated he would have sought an opinion
from the Ethics Commission if he had known in advance that such a
motion was going to be made on April 4, 1994. In October 1994, the
authority established its own office in the sewer plant building.
The authority employs a secretary at this office and bears all
expenses for this arrangement.
Warso used the authority of his office when he cast his vote
as councilmember on the matter concerning the borough authority.
Although his participation in the vote did not result in a private
pecuniary benefit to himself, it did result in a private pecuniary
benefit to the authority. "But for" Warso's negative vote, the
authority would have been evicted within two weeks. A violation of
Section 3(a), however, also requires that the entity receiving the
benefit be "a business with which [the public official] is
associated." Act 9 of 1989 defines "business" as follows:
Any corporation, partnership, sole pro-
prietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise,
association, organization, self - employed
individual, holding company, joint stock
company, receivership, trust or any legal
Warso, 94- 030 -C2
Page 8
entity organized for profit.
65 P.S. §402. This Commission has never decided the issue of
whether a municipal authority is a "business" under Act 9 of 1989.
Pennsylvania case law interpreting the nature of municipal
authorities under the Municipality Authorities Act is unclear.
Some cases suggest that such municipal authorities are agencies of
the state. Commonwealth v. Erie Metropolitan Transit Authority,
282 A.2d 882 (1971); Williamstown Borough Authority v. Cooper, 591
A.2d 711 (1991), alloc. granted 527 A.2d 548, dismissed 535 A.2d
1052. In other contexts, municipal authorities have been construed
as local authorities. Clearfield Area Housing Corp. v. Hughes, 318
A.2d 754 (1974). However, when referring to its actual operation,
a municipal authority has been considered a private business
corporation performing a private /proprietary function as opposed to
a governmental one. In re Acquisition of Water System, 93 A.2d 437
(1953); Philadelphia Facilities v. Baxter, 431 A.2d 1123 (1981).
In light of the foregoing lack of clarity, this Commission
finds that, assuming it is incorporated under the Municipality
Authorities Act, the Lawrenceville Borough Authority is not a
"business" as defined in Act 9 of 1989. Accordingly, Warso did not
violate Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 when he cast the deciding
vote resulting in the private pecuniary benefit of his employer,
the Lawrenceville Borough Authority.
IV. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
1. Mick Warso, as a councilmember of the Lawrenceville Borough,
was a public official subject to the provisions of the Ethics
Law.
2. Mick Warso used the authority of his office when he cast the
deciding vote resulting in a private pecuniary benefit to his
employer, the Lawrenceville Borough Authority.
3. Assuming the Lawrenceville Borough Authority is incorporated
under the Municipality Authorities Act, it is not a "business"
under Act 9 of 1989.
4. Mick Warso did not violate Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 when
he cast the deciding vote resulting in a private pecuniary
benefit to his employer, the Lawrenceville Borough Authority,
because the authority is not a "business" as defined in Act 9
of 1989.
In Re: Mick Warso
File Docket: 94- 030 -C2
Date Decided: 05/04/95
Date Mailed: 05/16/95
ORDER NO. 9
1. Mick Warso did not violate Section 3 (a) of the Ethics Law, Act
9 of 1989, when he cast the deciding vote resulting in a
private pecuniary benefit to his employer, the Lawrenceville
Borough Authority, because the authority is not a "business"
as defined in the Ethics Law.
BY THE COMMISSION,
cYaituAtiE
DANEEN E. REESE, CHAIR