HomeMy WebLinkAbout981 FriendBefore:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
In Re: Douglas Friend File Docket: 94- 057 -C2
Date Decided: 08/03/95
Date Mailed: 08/14/95
Daneen E. Reese, Chair
Austin M. Lee, Vice Chair
Roy W. Wilt
Allan M. Kluger
John R. Showers
Rev. Joseph G. Quinn
Boyd E. Wolff
The Investigative Division of the State Ethics Commission
conducted an investigation regarding a possible violation of the
State Ethics Law, Act 9 of 1989, P.L. 26, 65 P.S. §401 et seq.
Written notice of the specific allegation(s) was served at the
commencement of the investigation. A Findings Report was issued
and served upon completion of the investigation which constituted
the Complaint by the Investigation Division. An Answer was filed
and a hearing was waived. A consent agreement was submitted by the
parties to the Commission for consideration which was subsequently
approved. This adjudication of the Commission is hereby issued
which sets forth the individual Allegations, Findings of Fact,
Discussion, Conclusions of Law and Order.
This adjudication is final and will be made available as a
public document thirty days after issuance. However,
reconsideration may be requested which will defer public release of
this adjudication pending action on the request by the Commission.
A request for reconsideration does not affect the finality of this
adjudication. A reconsideration request must be received at this
Commission within thirty days of issuance and must include a
detailed explanation of the reasons as to why reconsideration
should be granted in conformity with 51 Pa. Code §21.29(b).
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance
with Act 9 of 1989, 65 P.S. §408(h). Any person who violates
confidentiality of the Ethics Law is guilty of a misdemeanor
subject to a fine of not more than $1,000 or imprisonment for not .
more than one year, 65 P.S. §409(e). Confidentiality does not
preclude discussing this case with an attorney at law.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 2
I. ALLEGATION:
That Douglas Friend, a public official in his capacity as a
President of Markleysburg Borough Council, Fayette County, violated
the following provisions of the State Ethics Act (Act 9 of 1989)
when his firm utilized the borough building to conduct computer
training classes.
Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 provides:
II. FINDINGS:
Section 3. Restricted Activities
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest. 65 P.S.
§403(a).
Section 2. Definitions
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest."
Use by a public official or public employee of
the authority of his office or employment or
any confidential information received through
his holding public office or employment for
the private pecuniary benefit of himself, a
member of his immediate family or a business
with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict
of interest" does not include an action having
a de minimis economic impact or which affects
to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member of his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated. 65 P.S. §402.
1. On September 26, 1994, the Investigative Division of the State
Ethics Commission received a signed, sworn complaint alleging
that Douglas Friend violated provisions of the State Ethics
Act (Act 9 of 1989).
2. Upon review of the complaint by the Director of Investigations
a recommendation was made to the Executive Director to
commence a preliminary inquiry.
3. At the direction of the Executive Director, the Investigative
Division initiated a preliminary inquiry on October 4, 1994.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 3
4. The preliminary inquiry was completed within sixty days.
5. On December 1, 1994, a letter was forwarded to Douglas Friend
by the Executive Director of the State Ethics Commission
informing him that a complaint against him was received by the
Investigative Division and that a full investigation was being
commenced.
a. Said letter was forwarded by certified mail, No. P 016
239 233.
b. The domestic return receipt bore the signature of Douglas
Friend, and was undated.
6. The full investigation was commenced at the direction of the
Executive Director of the State Ethics Commission.
7. The Investigative Complaint was mailed to the Douglas Friend
on May 16, 1995.
8. Douglas Friend has served as a member of Markleysburg Borough
Council since July, 1990.
a. He was appointed to fill a vacancy on council created by
his father's death.
9. Friend was elected to a two year term in the fall of 1990.
10. Friend ran for re- election in 1992, and was elected to a four
year term.
11. Friend was elected Borough Council President in January, 1992,
and has served in that capacity to the present time.
12. Friend has operated a business known as VITALink since
approximately November, 1991.
a. VITALink is a computer firm specializing in all areas of
computers, including the assembly, sale, service, and the
support in training, as well as the development and
operation of advertising for the local cable television
information channel.
13. Corporation Bureau records confirm VITALink's application for
a fictitious name was recorded on November 7, 1991, and that
Friend owns a 50% interest.
a. The remaining 50% interest is held by Brian Frazee.
b. Brian Frazee has been a member of Markleysburg Borough
Council since 1994.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 4
14. Statements of Financial Interests on file with Markleysburg
Borough include the following filing for Friend, which
reflects his interests in VITALink:
a. Calendar year: 1993
Filed: April 4, 1994
Position: Council Member
Creditors: None
Direct /Indirect Income: VITALink
Office or Directorship: VITALink /Partner
All other Financial Interests: None
15. From VITALink's inception until October, 1994, the business
office was located at Friend's residence, Church Street, in
Markleysburg, PA 15459.
a. This location was not adaptable for training classes.
b. After October, 1994, VITALink re- located to a building
across from Friend's residence on Church Street, in
Markleysburg, PA 15459.
1) The building was purchased by Friend in October,
1993, for the purchase price of $15,000.00.
16. In 1992, VITALink began to offer computer training classes.
a. VITALink did not have space available to conduct classes.
17. In December, 1992, Friend and Brian Frazee, co- owners of
VITALink, made a request of Markleysburg Borough Council to
use the borough building to conduct computer training classes.
18. The Borough of Markleysburg uses an old school house building
as the office and meeting facility.
a. The first floor of the building, used as the office and
meeting facility, measures 1845 square feet.
b. The building also has a basement and second story.
c. The building is located at the north east corner of State
Route 281, (Main Street), and Church Street,
Markleysburg, Fayette County, PA 15459.
d. Markleysburg Borough Council maintains and controls the
use of the borough building.
e. The building was regularly utilized by the borough
auditors; and as a public polling place.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 5
f. The building had ample space for VITALink to use as a
training facility.
19. Prior to January, 1993, borough council permitted the use of
the borough building by the following non- profit
organizations, free of change:
a. The Boy Scouts of America met in the basement.
b. The local Cemetery Association met bi- annually; and
c. Bible schools
20. Minutes from the Markleysburg Borough Council meeting of
December 28, 1992, reflect the following in regard to VITALink
requesting use of the borough building for computer training
classes.
"Doug Friend and Brian Frazee (from VITALink) requested
use of the borough building for computer classes.
Classes would start mid - January, one day and two nights
weekly for eight weeks."
Present: Council Members Friend, Hoffman, Knight,
Orndoff, Riley, Jesse Wilson, Bill Wilson
a. Friend was a Council Member at the time.
b. No action was taken at the meeting on VITALink's request.
21. During the Markleysburg Borough Council meeting of January 3,
1993, VITALink again requested use of the borough building for
computer training classes.
" VITALink requested to use the borough building for
computer classes. They said they would be willing to
follow any guidelines and pay a fee, set by the Council."
Present: Council Members Friend, Hoffman, Knight,
Orndoff, Riley, Jesse Wilson, Bill Wilson
a. Friend was a Council Member at the time.
22. As a result of Friend's request on behalf of VITALink at the
January 3, 1993, council meeting, Markleysburg Borough Council
implemented a borough use building policy. The policy was
enacted as follows:
"After a discussion, Councilman Orndoff made a motion to
allow VITALink to use the building under the following
conditions:
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 6
1. VITALink will pay $100.00 security deposit, which
may be refunded.
2. Allow one Council member to be present at any and
all meetings in the building.
3. Donations will be accepted also."
Present: Council Members Friend, Hoffman, Knight,
Orndoff, Riley, Jesse Wilson, Bill Wilson
a. The motion was carried.
b. A roll call vote was not taken.
c. There is no record of Friend's participation in this
action.
23. The guidelines established by Council at the January 3, 1993,
meeting, for use of the borough building by VITALink, were
applied to anyone requesting use of the borough building.
a. The borough did not have a building use policy prior to
VITALink's request.
24. Prior to January, 1993, when VITALink requested use of the
borough building, there is no record of for - profit
organizations /businesses using the borough building.
25. Friend, as President of Borough Council, did not participate
in the design or discussion of the borough building general
use policy.
a. Friend did not participate in any vote which granted
VITALink permission to utilize the borough building for
computer training classes.
b. Other Council members' recollections are that Friend did
not vote in any matter relating to VITALink.
26. VITALink prepared professionally printed training class flyers
prior to January 4, 1994, regarding the advertising of the
January 11, 1993, training classes, held at the borough
building.
a. The site for the classes was identified as the
Markleysburg Borough Building.
b. The training flyers were pre - printed with U.S. Postal
Bulk mail Permit #20, displaying a January 5, 1993, date.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 7
1. The bulk permit date contained a typographical
error and should have read January 5, 1994.
27. The first VITALink Training classes held at the borough
building began on January 11, 1993.
28. On two subsequent occasions, VITALink requested additional use
of the borough building for computer training classes.
a. The requests were initiated in order to host additional
computer training classes.
29. The June 7, 1993, minutes of the Markleysburg Borough Council
meeting reflect the following request by VITALink to use the
borough building.
"VITALink requested use of the borough building for
computer classes. The classes would be two nights a week
for the month of July."
Present: Council Members Friend, Hoffman, Knight,
Orndoff, Riley, Jesse Wilson, Bill Wilson
a. The motion was made to Orndoff, seconded by Knight, to
permit VITALink to use the borough building provided
VITALink follow the pre - established general building use
policy ($100.00) security deposit. The motion carried.
There was no roll call vote.
b. There is no record of Friend participating in the vote.
c. The borough continued to hold the original security
deposit made by VITALink. (Reference Finding #37).
30. The minutes of the August 2, 1993, Markleysburg Borough
Council meeting reflect an additional request by VITALink to
use the borough building.
"VITALink asked to continue using the borough building
for computer classes."
Present: Council Members Friend, Hoffman, Knight, Orndoff,
Riley, Jesse Wilson, Bill Wilson
a. The motion was made by Orndoff, seconded by Riley, to
permit VITALink's continued use of the borough building.
b. No other stipulations were noted.
c. The motion carried. No roll call vote was taken.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 8
d. There is no record of Friend participating in the vote.
31. During the period from January, 1993, through October, 1994,
borough council approved the use of the building by VITALink
as long as the established general building use policy was
adhered to.
a. The specific time frame and duration of the computer
training classes were not disclosed.
b. The borough continued to hold the original security
deposit made by VITALink. (Reference Finding #37).
32. Records do not reflect that Douglas Friend participated in the
discussion or vote to approve additional use of the borough
building by VITALink.
a. Friend acted as the representative of VITALink in making
the requests at both the June 7, and August 2, 1993,
meetings.
b. The minutes only disclose that the requests were made by
VITALink.
33. VITALink hosted approximately five separate training classes
between January 11, 1993, and September 1, 1994.
a. The classes varied between six and eight weeks in
duration.
b. The last reported classes ended in March, 1994.
34. One other request was received to use the borough building
between January, 1993, and September, 1994.
a. In June, 1993, Congressman Murtha requested use of the
borough building for a Governor's Outreach Program.
b. Murtha's office was required to follow the guidelines
established by Council for use of the building.
c. The duration of the use was requested for one day.
d. A $100.00 security deposit was submitted to the borough,
per the general use policy.
e. The security deposit was returned to Murtha after the
program.
35. There were no other uses of the borough building during the
time period between January, 1993, to September, 1994.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 9
36. VITALink stored computer equipment and other training material
in the borough building from January, 1993, through September,
1994.
a. The equipment and supplies were stored on the first floor
of the building.
b. Training posters and business advertisements were left in
plain view during the monthly public borough council
meetings.
37. Minutes from the Borough Council meeting, dated February 1,
1993, indicate two payments received from VITALink, at $100.00
security deposit and a $100.00 donation, as well as a donation
of a bulletin board.
38. VITALink made additional donations to the borough in the for
of money, fuel oil and miscellaneous items.
39. Markleysburg Borough Council meeting minutes of March 1, 1993,
reflect that Tressler Oil Company was donating 100 gallons of
heating oil to the borough, and that VITALink was paying to
have the remainder of the oil tank filled.
40. Tressler Oil financial records confirm receipt of $235.79 from
VITALink as payment for 262 gallons of heating oil for the
borough building.
a. VITALink's payment was recorded as having been received
on January 7, 1994, approximately nine months after the
oil was delivered to the borough building.
b. VITALink sold computer equipment to Tressler Oil Company.
c. Tressler Oil Company utilized advertising services
provided through VITALink.
41. Minutes of the Markleysburg Borough Council meeting of June 7,
1993, reflected a $100.00 donation to the borough from
VITALink.
42. VITALink reportedly made an additional donation in the form of
paying for the professional cleaning of the borough building's
carpet on the first floor.
a. No records were available regarding this transaction.
43. Donations made to Markleysburg Borough by VITALink between
January, 1993, and September, 1994, total $535.79.
Cash $100.00 x 2 = $ 200.00
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 10
Fuel oil
Security deposit (not refunded)
Bulletin board
Carpet cleaning /no receipt supplied
44. A review of the Borough Audit Reports for the years 1992
through 1994, showed a significant increase in the cost to the
borough for heating oil during the period when VITALink used
the borough building.
Year
1992
1993
1994
Heating Oil
Total Cost
$ 283.97
341.88
873.94
235.79
100.00
= Unknown
= Unknown
$ 535.79
a. The 1993 total reflects the donation from Tressler
Oil and VITALink. (See Finding #39 and #40).
b. Without the donation from VITALink, the borough's
1993 cost for heating oil would have been
approximately $577.67.
c. The increased fuel costs are, in part, a result of
the increased use of the building by VITALink for
it's training classes.
d. Fuel oil costs per gallon were approximately the
same during this period.
45. Friend computed VITALink's total costs in hosting
classes at the borough building between January,
September, 1994, to be $10,470.00.
a. These listed costs also included the security
donations, bulletin boards and fuel oil.
a. This is a total of tuition charges only.
training
1993, to
deposit,
b. Friend included the original purchase of the
equipment, which was listed at $9,000.00.
46. VITALink's reported gross revenue from the computer training
classes held at the borough building equalled $3,560.00.
computer
b. This amount does not include profit received from the
sale of home computers and supplemental equipment to the
class students.
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 11
c. Friend estimated that VITALink sold approximately ten
home computers to it's students.
d. Other overhead costs were not computed.
47. The monthly rental cost which VITALink was not required to pay
by utilizing the borough building was between $2.00 and $2.40
per square foot, including heat.
a. The average rental for office space in Markleysburg was
approximately $2.00 to $2.40 per square foot.
b. VITALink utilized the first floor of the borough
building, approximately 1,845 square foot.
c. VITALink utilized the borough building for twenty -one
months. (January, 1993, through September, 1994).
48. By utilizing, the Markleysburg Borough Building to teach
computer classes, VITALink received a financial gain by not
paying a monthly rental cost for office space.
a. 1845 sq. ft. x $2.20 per sq. ft. (average) = $4,059/yr.
rental cost
$4,059 per year divided by 12 months = $338.25/mo. rental
cost
$338.25 per month x 21 months = $7,103.25 total rental
cost
$7,103.25
- 535.79 (donations, etc.)
$6,567.46 = net savings for rental
49. Friend, through his company VITALink, received a $6,567.46
financial benefit by not renting office space for computer
classes.
50. Markleysburg Borough Council held a special meeting with the
Borough Solicitor, Steve Leskinen, on October 24, 1994, to
provide legal guidance on various issues on the agenda.
a. One of the issues on the October 24, 1994, Markleysburg
Borough Council meeting agenda was councilmen using the
borough building.
51. Solicitor Leskinen advised council that he could see nothing
improper in VITALink's use of the borough building. Leskinen
advised:
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 12
"Council members must not use their titles or positions to
gain preferential treatment and their use of the building for
profitable reasons was perfectly legitimate as long as others
wishing to use the building were not discriminated against."
52. During the October 24, 1994, Special Markleysburg Borough
Council meeting, Borough Solicitor Steve Leskinen addressed
the issue of the borough's liability regarding 3rd party usage
of the borough building.
a. Leskinen stated that the language used in a general
liability insurance policy normally would include any
liability that the borough would incur.
b. Leskinen was not familiar with the borough's specific
policy.
c. Leskinen believed that who would be using the borough
building didn't matter as to the borough's liability.
d. Leskinen felt that the council should not lose money by
allowing usage.
III. DISCUSSION:
1) This was in respect to increased utility costs.
As a President of Markleysburg Borough Council, Fayette
County, Douglas Friend, hereinafter Friend, is a public official as
that term is defined under Act 9 of 1989. 65 P.S. §402. As such,
his conduct is subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law and the
restrictions therein are applicable to him.
Initially, it is noted that Section 9 of Act 9 of June 26,
1989 provides, in part, as follows:
This amendatory act shall not apply to
violations committed prior to the effective
date of this act, and causes of action
initiated for such violations shall be
governed by the prior law, which is continued
in effect for that purpose as if this act were
not in force. For the purposes of this
section, a violation was committed prior to
the effective date of this act if any elements
of the violation occurred prior thereto.
Since the occurrences in this case transpired after the
effective date of Act 9 (June 26, 1989), we must apply the
provisions of Act 9 to determine whether the Ethics Act was
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 13
violated.
Under Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 quoted above, a public
official /employee shall not engage in conduct that constitutes a
conflict of interest.
The term "conflict of interest" is defined as quoted above.
The issue before us is whether Friend as President of
Markleysburg Borough Council violated Section 3(a) of Act 9 of
1989, regarding the allegation that he utilized the borough
building to conduct computer training classes offered by a business
with which he is associated.
Friend was elected to Markleysburg Borough Council in 1990 and
is currently Council President. In a private capacity, Friend is
a 50% owner of VITALink which is a firm that specializes in
computer assembly, sales, service and training. Brian Frazee,
another member of Markleysburg Borough Council, holds the other 50%
interest in VITALink.
Even after Friend moved the VITALink office from his residence
to a separate facility, there was insufficient space to conduct
computer training classes. When VITALink actually began to offer
computer training classes, Friend and Frazee, as representatives of
VITALink, approached Markleysburg Borough Council with the request
to use the borough building to conduct such classes. Borough
Council had in the past permitted the use of the borough building
without charge to non - profit organizations such as the Boy Scouts
of America, the Cemetery Association, or bible schools. Because
Borough Council at its December 28, 1992 meeting took no action on
the Friend /Frazee request, the same request was made by them at the
January 3, 1993 meeting with the proviso that they would adhere to
appropriate established guidelines and pay a fee. At that time
Council implemented a borough use building policy whereby the
borough building could be used only if VITALink would pay a $100.00
security deposit, one member of Council could be present for
observation and donations could be made. The motion carried
without a roll call vote; as a result, there is no record that
Friend participated in such action. The guidelines established by
Council for VITALink were applied to anyone requesting the use of
the borough building.
Regarding the borough building use policy, Friend did not
participate in the design or discussion of such policy nor did he
participate in any vote which allowed VITALink to use the borough
building. The recollections of other borough council members were
that Friend did not vote in any matter relating to VITALink.
VITALink began using the borough building for five separate
training classes which began in January, 1993 and continued into
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 14
1994. During that time, VITALink also stored computer equipment
and other training material within the borough building. For the
utilization of the borough building, VITALink made certain
donations consisting of $200.00 in cash, $235.79 for fuel oil, a
$100.00 security deposit which was not refunded as well as a
bulletin board and carpet cleaning with the value of the latter two
items being unknown.
During that time period there was only one other request for
the utilization of the borough building which was made by
Congressman Murtha for a Governor's Outreach Program. Murtha's
office was allowed to use the building subject to the requirement
that the building use guidelines be followed.
Lastly, the issue of the borough building usage by council
members was directed to the borough solicitor. If the council
members did not use their titles or positions to gain preferential
treatment and the borough building was used for legitimate reasons
without any discrimination against others who would want to utilize
the building, the solicitor opined that VITALink's use of the
borough building was not improper.
In applying the provisions of Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989,
one of the necessary elements to establish a violation is a use of
authority of office on the part of the public official. Without
the requisite use of authority of office, there can be no violation
of Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989. In Juliante, Order 809, we
interpreted and applied the statutory definition of the phrase
"authority of office or employment" broadly; however, a recent
decision of Commonwealth Court in the case of Marchitello and
McGuire v. State Ethics Commission, Opinion filed at 2613, 2614
C.D. 1994 on April 18, 1995, has narrowed the parameters of the
phrase "use of authority of office ":
"Use" of public office requires action by a public
official that in some way facilitates his receipt of
compensation to which he is not entitled, such as in
Yacobet where the individual voted to increase his own
salary without having authority to do so.
Slip Opinion at 13.
In this case, the record reflects no action of Friend as a
public official regarding either the borough building use policy or
VITALink. The facts reflect that the contacts which Friend had
with borough council on this issue were in a private capacity as a
representative of VITALink and not as a borough council member. In
addition, there is no showing of action by Friend in terms of
participation or voting on these matters. Therefore, based upon
the Marchitello and McGuire v. State Ethics Commission decision, we
must conclude that there was no action taken hy Friend as a public
Friend, 94- 057 -C2
Page 15
official which resulted in a private pecuniary benefit to himself
or a business with which he is associated. Without that requisite
use of authority of office, there is no violation of Section 3(a)
of Act 9 of 1989.
Therefore, we find that Friend did not violate Section 3 (a) of
Act 9 of 1989 when his firm VITALink utilized the borough building
to conduct computer training classes in that there was no use of
authority of office on the part of Friend as a public official.
IV . CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
1. Douglas Friend as President and Member of Markleysburg Borough
Council is a public official subject to the provisions of Act
9 of 1989.
2. Friend did not violate Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 regarding
the utilization of the borough building to conduct computer
training classes by VITALink, a business with which Friend is
associated, in that there was no use of authority of office on
the part of Friend as a public official.
In Re: Douglas Friend File Docket: 94- 057 -C2
. Date Decided: 08/03/95
. Date Mailed: 08/14/95
ORDER NO. 981
1. Douglas Friend as President and Member of Markleysburg Borough
Council did not violate Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989
regarding the utilization of the borough building to conduct
computer training classes by VITALink, a business with which
Friend is associated, in that there was no use of authority of
office on the part of Friend as a public official.
BY THE COMMISSION,
m.i.v,u 6 a ti
DANEEN E. REESE, CHAIR