HomeMy WebLinkAbout872 FoustSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
308 FINANCE BUILDING
HARRISBURG, PENNSYLVANIA 17120
In re: Robert H. Foust : File Docket: 92- 003 -C2
: Date Decided: December 10, 1992
: Date Mailed: December 15, 1992
Before: James M. Howley, Chair
Daneen E. Reese, Vice Chair
Roy W. Wilt
Austin M. Lee
Allan M. Kluger
The State Ethics Commission received complaints regarding
possible violations of the State Ethics Law, Act No. 170 of 1978
and Act No. 9 of 1989. Written notice, of the specific
allegation(s) was served at the commencement of the investigation.
A Findings Report was issued and served, upon completion of the
investigation, which constituted the Complaint by the Investigation
Division. An Answer was filed and a hearing was waived. A Consent
Order was submitted by the parties to the Commission for
consideration which was subsequently approved. This adjudication
of the Commission is hereby issued which sets forth the individual
Allegations, Findings of Fact, Discussion, Conclusions of Law and
Order.
This adjudication is final and will be made available as a
public document fifteen days after issuance. However,
reconsideration may be requested which will defer public release of
this adjudication pending action on the request by the Commission.
A request for reconsideration, however, does not affect the
finality of this adjudication. A reconsideration request must be
received at this Commission within fifteen days of issuance and
must include a detailed explanation of the reasons as to why
reconsideration should be granted in conformity with 51 Pa. Code
§2.38.
The files in this case will remain confidential in accordance
with Section 8(a) of Act 170 of 1978 and Act 9 of 1989, 65 P.S.
§408(h), during the fifteen day period and no one unless the right
to challenge this Order is waived, may violate confidentiality by
releasing, discussing or circulating this Order. However,
confidentiality does not preclude discussing this case with an
attorney at law.
Any person who violates confidentiality of the Ethics Act is
guilty of a misdemeanor subject to a fine of not more than $1,000
or imprisonment for not more than one year, 65 P.S. S409(e).
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 2
I. ALLEGATION:
The Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission has reviewed the
allegation(s) that Robert H. Foust, a Councilman for Watsontown
Borough, Northumberland County, violated the following provisions
of the State Ethics Act (Act 170 of 1978), when he contracted with
the Borough for the sale of insurance, including but not limited
to, workers compensation, police liability and bonds for public
officials, without an open and public process, and when he voted to
pay the premiums:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee
shall use his public office or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office to obtain financial gain
other than compensation provided by law for
himself, a member of . his immediate family, or
a business with which he is associated. 65
P.S. §403(a).
(c) No public official or public employee
or a member of his immediate family or any
business in which the person or a member of
the person's immediate family is a director,
officer, owner or holder of stock exceeding 5%
of the equity at fair ; market value of. the
business shall enter into any contract valued
at $500 or more with a governmental body
unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public "process, including prior
public notice and subsequent public disclosure
of all proposals considered and contracts
awarded. Any contract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court
of competent jurisdiction if the suit is
commenced within 90 days of making of the
contract. 65 P.S. §403(c).
And, that Robert H. Foust violated the following Sections of
the State Ethics Act (Act 9 of 1989).
Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities
(a) No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that
constitutes a conflict of interest.
65 P.S. §403(a).
Foust,, 92- 003 -C2
Page 3
(f) No public official or public
employee or his spouse or child or any
business in which the person or his spouse or
child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the
governmental body with which the public
official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
any person who has been awarded a contract
with the governmental body with which the
public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process,
including prior public notice and subsequent
public disclosure of all proposals considered
and contracts awarded. In such a case, the
public official or public employee shall not
have any supervisory or overall responsibility
for the implementation or administration of
the contract. Any contract or subcontract
made in violation of this subsection shall be
voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction
if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract. 65
P.S. §403(f).
II. FINDINGS:
1, Robert Foust served as Watsontown Borough Councilman from
January 1988 to April 1992.
a. He served as Council President during 1990 and 1991.
2. The Foust Agency, Watsontown, Pennsylvania, is a firm which
has provided insurance services to the Borough since the
1970s.
a. Robert Foust's father founded this business.
b. Foust purchased the firm from his father and has owned
and operated it since January 1980.
3. The Foust Agency has entered into contracts within Watsontown
Borough for the sale of various types of insurance since at
least 1980.
a. The types of insurance included Workers Compensation,
Police Professional Liability and bonds for borough
manager and treasurer.
b. These contracts were in effect prior to Robert Foust's
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 4
service as a borough councilman.
4. Watsontown Borough has made payments to the Foust Agency as
follows, for insurance services since Robert Foust began
service as a borough councilman.
a)
Check No. Date
1379 3/07/88
b) 1408 3 \07 \88
c) 1462 4 \04 \88
d) 1492 5/02/88
e) 1796 10/04/88
f) 1957 12/29/88
g) 2066 2/08/89
h) 2437 8/07/89
i) 2560 10/02/89
j) 2742 12/17/89
k) 2819 2/05/90
* Robert
Reason
Workers' Comp. payments
for Jan., Feb., March
1988
Police Professional
Liability Insurance
Fourth Monthly Payment
for Workers' Comp.
Insurance
Final Installment,
Workers'Comp. Insurance
Township Manager's
Bond
Bond for Borough
Assistant Treasurer
Police Professional
Liability Insurance
Bond for Borough
Manager
Bond for Borough
Assistant Treasurer
Bond for Secretary/
Treasurer
Police Liability
Insurance
Foust was . -co- signer of this check as Council
1) 3386 10/08/90 Bond for Borough
Assistant Treasurer
Amount
$ 9,273.00
7,753.00
2,819.00
3,174.00
175.00
269.00
8,165.00
175.00
269.00
355.00
8,165.00
President.
269.00
* Robert Foust was co- signer of this check as Council
President.
Fo 92- 003 -C2
Page 5
m) 3528 12/05/90 Bond for Secretary/
Treasurer 355.00
* Robert Foust was
President.
214 3/04/91
* Robert Foust was
President.
o) 565 8/07/91
p) 704 10/09/91
* Robert Foust was
President.
co- signer of this check as Council
Police Professional
Liability 8,464.00
co- signer of this check as Council
Borough Manager's
Bond 175.00
Bond for Borough
Assistant Treasurer 269.00
co- signer of this check as Council
Total $50,124.00
5. The payments outlined in 4 (a through p) were made on policies
and bonds that were entered into and contracted by the borough
prior to Foust's election to borough council.
6. Minutes of Watsontown Borough Council meetings confirm that
Robert Foust voted in favor of motions to pay bills of the
borough at regularly scheduled meetings.
a. The motions were in the form to pay all bills listed
which would include premium statements from the Foust
Agency (see Finding 4 (a through p)) among other bills.
b. Foust routinely voted to pay all bills.
c. Motions to pay bills were carried unanimously.
7. The Foust Agency would receive commissions of approximately
10% for the sale of insurance to the borough.
8. The Borough purchased insurance as a yearly package.
a. This package included coverages for Property, Inland
Marine, General Liability, Automobile, Workers
Compensation, Umbrella, Boiler and Machinery and Errors
and Omissions insurance.
b. Police professional liability insurance and bonds for
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 6
borough officials were not included in this package.
c. The policy dates for the police professional liability
insurance and the bonds came up during various months of
the year.
9. Since 1990, the Borough has drawn up specifications for
insurance contracts and advertised for bids.
a. The specifications are advertised in the Milton Daily
Standard newspaper.
b. A public announcement of the insurance needed is made at
a council meeting and posted at the borough building.
10. Designated Council members serve on an insurance committee
during their tenure.
a. The purpose of this committee is to assess insurance
matters and then report to council.
b. The insurance committee does not have the authority to
award insurance contracts.
c. The insurance committee makes recommendations to council
with regard to insurance contracts.
d. Council reviews input from the insurance committee before
making decisions.
11. Robert Foust served as a member of the insurance committee.
a. Because Foust's area of expertise was insurance, he was
asked his opinion of the types of insurance that would
best suit borough needs.
12. Worker's compensation insurance has been placed out for bid as
part of the Borough's yearly package of insurance since 1989.
a. During July of each year, bids are sought by the Borough
on this package.
13. The Foust Agency provided workers' compensation insurance to
the Borough from 1985 to July 1988.
a. In July 1988, the Mallalieu Golder Agency was awarded the
workers' compensation insurance as part of the quote
process.
14. The Foust Agency has provided police professional liability
insurance to the Borough since at least February 1981 to
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 7
February 1992.
a. This insurance has a renewal date during February of each
year.
b. It was not included in the Borough's July package of
insurance during the above years.
15. The Foust Agency has provided bonds for Borough officials
since at least the early 1980s.
a. The bonds come up for renewal at various times of the
year.
b. They have not been included in the package of insurance
for bid during July of each year due to the various
renewal dates.
16. Prior to assuming the position of borough councilman and
concerned that serving on Borough council might conflict with
his insurance business, Foust sought the legal advice of
Borough Solicitor Allen Neyhard, Esquire regarding the Foust
Agency's business relationship with Watsontown Borough.
a. Borough Solicitor Neyhard advised Foust prior to Foust
becoming a member of Borough Council, that the Borough's
purchase of insurance, through the Foust Agency, would
not constitute a conflict of interest, or violate the
State Ethics Act.
b. Even though present at Borough Council meetings, Borough
Solicitor Neyhard, did not caution Foust not to vote nor
advise Foust that he should abstain from voting to pay
Foust Agency invoices.
c. Foust relied upon the legal advice and counsel of
Solicitor Neyhard regarding a possible conflict of
interest.
17. On Statements of Financial Interests filed annually with the
Borough, Foust reported the Foust Agency as a source of income
and that he is President /Treasurer and owner of the Foust
Agency.
III. DISCUSSION:
Initially, it is noted that the allegations in this case
relate to both Act 9 of 1989 and Act 170 of 1978. In this regard,
Section 9 of Act 9 of 1989, P.L. 26, provides, in part, as follows:
"This amendatory act shall not apply to
fauli., 92- 003 -C2
Page 8
violations committed prior to the effective
date of this act, and causes of action
initiated for such violations shall be
governed by the prior law, which is continued
in effect for that purpose as if this act were
not in force. For the purposes of this
section, a violation was committed prior to
the effective date of this act if any elements
of the violations occurred prior thereto. ".
Under both Act 170 of 1978 and Act 9 of 1989, as a Councilman
for Watsontown Borough, Robert H. Foust, hereinafter Foust, is a
public official as that term is defined under both acts. See also
51 Pa. Code. As such, his conduct is subject to the provisions of
both laws and the restrictions therein are applicable to him.
Under Section 3(a) of . Act 9 of 1989 quoted above, a public
official shall not engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of
interest.
The term "conflict of interest" is defined under Act 9 of 1989
as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use
by a public official or public employee of the
authority of his office or employment or any
confidential information received through his
holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member
of his immediate family or -a business with
which he or a member of his 'immediate family
is associated. "Conflict" or "conflict of
interest" does not include an action having a
de minimis economic impact or which affects to
the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an
industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public
employee, a member or his immediate family or
a business with which he or a member of his
immediate family is associated.
65 P.S. §402.
Under Section 3(a), of Act 170 of 1978 quoted above, this
Commission has determined that use of office by a public official
to obtain a financial gain for himself or a member of his immediate
family or a business with which he is associated which is not
provided for in law transgresses the above provision of law. Thus,
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 9
use of office by a public official to obtain financial gain which
is not authorized as part of his compensation is prohibited by
Section 3(a): Hoak /McCutcheon v. State Ethics Commission, 77 Pa.
Commw. Ct. 529, 466 A.2d 283 (1983); Yacobet v. State Ethics
Commission, 109 Pa. Commw. Ct. 432 531 A.2d 536 (1987). Similarly,
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Act would prohibit a public official/
employee from using public office to advance his own interests;
Koslow v. State Ethics Commission, 116 Pa. Commw. Ct. 19, 540 A.2d
1374 (1988). Likewise, a public official /employee may not use the
status or position of a public office for his own personal
advantage; Huff, Opinion 84 -015.
Section 3(c) of Act 170 of 1978 quoted above provides in part
that no public official /public employee or a member of his
immediate family may contract with his governmental body if the
contract is five hundred dollars or more unless it is awarded
through an open and public process including prior public notice
and subsequent public disclosure.
In addition, Section 3(f) of Act 9 of 1989 specifically
provides in part that no public official /employee or spouse or
child or business with which he or the spouse or child is
associated may enter into a contract with his governmental body
valued at five hundred dollars or more or any subcontract valued at
five hundred dollars or more with any person who has been awarded
a contract with the governmental body with which the public
official /employee is associated unless the contract is awarded
through an open and public process.
In the instant matter we must determine whether Foust violated
either Section 3(a) or 3(c) of Act 170 of 1978 or Section 3(a) or
3(f) of Act 9 of 1989 regarding the sale of various insurance
policies by Foust Insurance Agency to Watsontown Borough.
Factually, Foust served on Watsontown Borough Council from
January, 1988 to April, 1992. In a private capacity, Foust is the
owner of the Foust. Insurance Agency, a firm which provides
insurance services. Although Foust Insurance Agency contracted
with Watsontown Borough for the sale of various types of insurance
or bonding since 1980, the contracting occurred prior to Foust
serving as a Watsontown Borough Councilman.
The Watsontown Borough Council meeting minutes reflect voting
by Foust on motions to pay lists of bills of the Borough which
included Foust Insurance Agency. The motions to pay such bills
carried unanimously. The Foust Insurance Agency typically received
a commission of approximately 10% for the sale of insurance to
Watsontown Borough. The record also reflects that Foust co- signed
checks as Council President to Foust Insurance Agency.
Since 1990, the Borough has drawn up specifications and
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 10
advertised for bids as to insurance contracts. The Borough Council
designates certain Council Members to serve on the insurance
committee to assess insurance matters and report to Council at
which time Council reviews the recommendations and makes the final
decision. Foust was a member of the insurance committee because of
his expertise in insurance. Foust was asked for his opinion on
types of insurance that would best suit the Borough's needs.
Foust contacted the Borough Solicitor prior to assuming his
position on Council and inquired as to whether there would be any
conflict regarding his insurance business. The Solicitor advised
Foust that he would not have a conflict as to the Borough's
purchase of insurance from his agency and, in addition, the
Solicitor did not direct Foust to abstain as to voting to pay Foust
Insurance Agency invoices. Lastly, Foust declared on his Statement
of Financial Interests that Foust insurance Agency is a source of
income and that he is president, treasurer and owner of that firm.
In applying the provisions of Section 3(a) of Act 170 of 1978
and Act 9 of 1989 to the above facts, we find a technical violation
of the Ethics Law. It is clear that the actions of Foust in co-
signing checks or voting to approve lists of bills which included
Foust Insurance Agency was a use of office under Act 170 and a use
of authority of office under Act 9. In addition, such action by
Foust as a public official resulted in a financial gain /private
pecuniary benefit. Lastly, the gain or benefit was to the Foust
Insurance Agency which is a business with which Foust is associated
as that term is defined under Act 170 and Act 9. Said financial
gain/ private pecuniary benefit was to Foust Insurance Agency and
derivatively to Foust himself since the firm is owned by Foust.
Finally, the financial gain is other than compensation provided for
by law and the benefit is a private one since there is no provision
under the Borough Code which authorizes such gain.
However, since the voting by Foust was for lists of bills
which included Foust Insurance Agency and since the motions passed
unanimously, we will take no further action in this case as to this
particular allegation given the totality of the facts and
circumstances.
Turning to the allegation that such action violated either
Section 3(c) of Act 170 or Section 3(f) of Act 9, we find no
violation of either of those provisions of the Ethics Law for the
following reason. In all instances of these contracts, the record
reflects that these contracts were entered into between Watsontown
Borough and Foust Insurance Agency prior to the time that Foust
became a member of Borough Council. Since Foust was not a Borough
Councilman and hence not a public official at the time of the
contracting, Sections 3(c) and 3(f) of Act 170 and Act 9 would not
have application. Accordingly, for the foregoing reason, we find
no violation as to this aspect of the allegation.
Foust, 92- 003 -C2
Page 11
IV. CONCLUSIONS OF LAW:
1. Robert H. Foust as a Watsontown Borough Councilman was a
public official subject to the provisions of Act 170 of 1978
and Act 9 of 1989.
2. A technical violation of Section 3(a) of Act 170 of 1978 and
Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 occurred when Foust voted in
favor of motions to pay lists of bills which included Foust
Insurance Agency, the business with which he was associated,
and co- signed checks in payment of invoices of Foust Insurance
Agency.
3. Foust did not violate Section 3(c) of Act 170 of 1978 or
Section 3(f) of Act 9 of 1989 regarding contracting between
Foust Insurance Agency, the business with which he was
associated, and the Borough of Watsontown in that said
contracting occurred prior to the time that Foust became a
public official as a Watsontown Borough Councilman.
In re: Robert H. Foust
ORDER NO. 872
File Docket: 92- 003 -C2
Date Decided: December 10, 1992
Date Mailed: December 15, 1992
1. A technical violation of Section 3(a) of Act 170 of 1978 and
Section 3(a) of Act 9 of 1989 occurred when Robert H. Foust,
a Watsontown Borough Councilman, voted in favor of motions to
pay lists of bills which included Foust Insurance Agency, the
business with which he was associated, and co- signed checks in
payment of invoices of Foust Insurance Agency.
2. Foust did not violate Section 3(c) of Act 170 of 1978 or
Section 3(f) of Act 9 of 1989 regarding contracting between
Foust Insurance Agency, the business with which he was
associated, and the Borough of Watsontown in that said
contracting occurred prior to the time that Foust became a
public official as a Watsontown Borough Councilman.
3. Based upon the totality of the facts and circumstances in this
case, the Commission will take no further action.
BY THE COMMISSION,
JAMES M. HOWLE