HomeMy WebLinkAbout00-584 HallHarry R. Hall, P.E.
478 Sunset Drive
Daisytown, PA 15427
Dear Mr. Hall:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 14, 2000
00 -584
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 1103(g); Engineering Project Director;
Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission.
This responds to your letter of May 16, 2000, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act ")
presents any restrictions upon employment of an Engineering Project Director following
termination of service with the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission.
Facts: On April 13, 2000, you retired from the position of Engineering Project
iDirector — Expansions at the Western Regional Office of the Pennsylvania Turnpike
Commission (PTC ") in New Stanton, Pennsylvania. You have submitted a copy of your
former job description, which is incorporated herein by reference. Your retirement was
in response to an opportunity to assist Larson Design Group, Inc. ( "Larson "),
Williamsport, Pennsylvania, in opening an architectural and engineering consulting
office in Southwestern Pennsylvania.
Prior to your employment with the PTC, you held several positions with the
Pennsylvania Department of Transportation ( "PennDOT "). From 1984 — 1990, you
worked in PennDOT Engineering District 12 -0 in Uniontown, Pennsylvania, during which
time you held the positions of Maintenance Program Engineer, Plans Engineer, and
Planning and Programming Engineer. From 1990 — 1994, you held the position of Field
Liaison Engineer at the PennDOT Bureau of Design, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. As
Field Liaison Engineer, you were responsible for performing Quality Assurance Reviews
on all plans prepared by consultants and in -house personnel in six Western
Pennsylvania PennDOT Districts. From 1994 — 1997, you held the position of Design
Development Engineer in PennDOT Engineering District 11 -0 in Bridgeville,
Pennsylvania. As Design Development Engineer, you oversaw the work of the Plans
Unit, Environmental Unit, Contract Management Unit, and Consultant Liaison Unit.
You request an advisory from the State Ethics Commission regarding limitations
imposed by the Ethics Act. You pose numerous inquiries.
In your first series of inquires you request the following to understand the intent
of the law: the legal reference that controls your activities; a general statement of the
FAX: (717) 787 -0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e -mail: ethics @state.pa.us
Hall, 00 -584
June 14, 2000
Page 2
intent of the law; and the length of time that the restriction is in effect and any
exemptions to that time period.
In your second set of inquiries, you pose the following questions: whether you
may have direct contact on projects with personnel at the PTC Westem Regional Office
or at the PTC Central Office; whether you may participate in the design of projects and
bill for your services, provided your name is not directly related to submissions, except
on invoices, or as part of the approval process; whether you may have dealings with
PennDOT; whether you may have dealings with local municipalities that use only local
and federal funds or state funds for transportation projects; and whether there would be
limitations with regard to offering your services to other state, federal, or local agencies.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and 1107(11)
of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor
based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in
an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have
not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
In the former capacity as Engineering Project Director for the Pennsylvania
Turnpike Commission, you would be considered a "public employee" subject to the
Ethics Act and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See, 65 Pa.C.S.
§1102; 51 Pa. Code §11.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description, which
when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to take or
recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to one or more of the
following: contracting; procurement; planning; inspecting; administering or monitoring
grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other activities where the economic impact is
greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
While Section 1103(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public official /public
employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the governmental body with
which he has been associated ":
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(g) Former official or employee. - -No former public
official or public employee shall represent a person, with
promised or actual compensation, on any matter before the
governmental body with which he has been associated for
one year after he leaves that body.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the Ethics Act
as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
Hall, 00 -584
June 14, 2000
Page 3
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body,
individual, corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official
or public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or has
been employed or to which the public official or employee is
or has been appointed or elected and subdivisions and
offices within that governmental body.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
The term "person" is very broadly defined. It includes, inter alia, corporations and
other businesses. It also includes the former public employee Confidential
Opinion, 93 -005, as well as a new governmental employer. Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name of
the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section
1103(g) also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public
official /public employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former
governmental body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to
termination of public service. Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing
contract does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name
of the former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the
regulations of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster,
Opinion 95 -011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the ublic
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The public official /public employee may also counsel any person
regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once again,
however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former governmental
body. The Ethics Act would not prohibit or preclude making general informational
inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is available to the
general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the former
governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the representation of, or
work for the new employer.
Hall, 00 -584
June 14, 2000
Page 4
Section 1103(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with
regard to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public employee
is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the agency or
other governmental body where the public official /public employee had influence or
control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you were associated upon termination of
public service is the PTC in its entirety. Therefore, for the first year after termination of
service with the PTC, Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act would apply and restrict
"representation" of "persons" before the PTC.
Turning to your inquiries, you first ask for the legal reference that controls your
activities. As noted above, the restrictions which would apply are set forth in 65 P.S.
1103(g), quoted above. You can find the Ethics Act and related information at the State
Ethics Commission website: www.ethics.state.pa.us
As for the intent of the law, the Commission stated in Shay, Opinion No. 91 -012:
This Commission has long recognized that the Legislative intent in
promulgating Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law was to protect the public trust,
such that a public official /employee must act consistently with the public
trust and upon leaving public service, may not utilize his association with
the public sector, officials or employees to secure treatment or benefits for
himself or his new employer that may only be obtainable because of his
association with his former governmental body.
Id. at 3. Additionally, it is noted that Act 9 of 1989 significantly broadened the definition
f the term "governmental body with which a public official or public employee is or has
been associated." It was the specific intent of the General Assembly to define the term
so that it was not merely limited to the area where a public official /employee had
influence or control but extended to the entire governmental body with which the public
official /employee was associated. That intent is reflected in the legislative debate
relative to the amendatory language for the above term:
We sought to make particularly clear that when we are prohibiting
for 1 year that revolving -door kind of conduct, we are dealing not only with
a particular subdivision of an agency or a local government but the entire
unit..."
Legislative Journal of House, 1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291.
In response to your third inquiry, as noted above, Section 1103(g) applies for a
one -year period following termination of the public service in question. There is no basis
in the statute for granting any waiver as to the one -year restriction. The State Ethics
Commission does not have the authority to grant that which is not authorized by law.
See, Richardson, Opinion No. 93 -006; Ziegler, Opinion No. 98 -001. As the Commission
stated in Ziegler, supra:
[T]his Commission is duty -bound to apply the Ethics Law as it has been
promulgated by the General Assembly. The statute provides for the
Section 3(g) restrictions to apply to all former public officials /public
employees. There is no mention in the statute of any "variances" or
"exceptions." Obviously, the facts in any given case may be more or less
compelling than in others, but the law must be applied fairly and uniformly.
Hall, 00 -584
June 14, 2000
Page 5
Id. at 6. Similarly, in your case, the State Ethics Commission would not have the power
to grant a "waiver" of the Section 1103(g) restrictions because such are not authorized
by the Ethics Act.
Your next two questions are posed alternatively as to the PTC Western Regional
Office or the PTC Central Office. You are advised that as noted above, the restrictions
of Section 1103(g) apply to restrict you as to the PTC in its entirety. Direct contact with
PTC ersonnel regarding your employer's projects, which constitutes representation,
would be prohibited during the one -year period of applicability of Section 1103(g). With
regard to designing, projects, to the extent you would be able to do that sort of work
without engaging in prohibited representation before the PTC, such would be
permissible under Section 1103(g). However, as noted above, your name could not
appear on submissions to the PTC. That restriction applies to preclude the submission
of your name on invoices except as to a pre- existing contract that would not involve a
unit where you previously worked. See, Abrams - Webster, supra.
With regard to PennDOT, you are advised that such is considered a separate
governmental body from the PTC. Based upon the facts which you have submitted, the
restrictions of Section 1103(g) would only apply to restrict you as to the PTC; they would
not restrict you as to PennDOT.
Turning to your inquiries as to the sources of funding, specifically local, state, or
federal funding, and the potential for offering your services to other state, federal, or
local agencies, you are advised that you would not be prohibited from working with
municipalities that would utilize state funds, provided that in performing such services,
no prohibited contacts would occur as to the PTC and no written materials containing
your name would be submitted to the PTC, except to the narrow and limited extent
permitted by Webster, supra, as set forth above. The answer would be the same as to
services to other state, federal, or local agencies.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 1103(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no
use of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1103(a)
of the Ethics Act. Further, you are advised that Sections 1103(b and 1103(c) of the
Ethics Act provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee
and no public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value
based upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation, or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as an Engineering Project Director for the
Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission ( "PTC "), you would be considered a "public
employee" as defined in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act"), Act
93 of 1998, Chapter 11. Upon termination of service with the PTC, you became a
"former public employee" subject to Section 1103(g) of the Ethics Act. The former
governmental body is the PTC in its entirety. The restrictions as to representation
outlined above must be followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Hall, 00 -584
June 14, 2000
Page 6
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Act would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the year
after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, . and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully, all the material facts and committed the acts complaint of in reliance on the
Advice given.
The letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actuall
received at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of t is
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received
at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery
service, or by FAX transmission (717 - 787 - 0806). Failure to file such
an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the
dismissal of the appeal.
ncerely,
Vincent J.'Bopko
Chief Counsel