HomeMy WebLinkAbout00-514 KeenanNancy S. Keenan
601 E. Walnut St.
Perkasie, PA 18944
Dear Ms. Keenan:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 15, 2000
FAX: (717) 787 - 0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e - mail: ethics @state.pa.us
00 -514
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Member; Borough; Council; Member; Officer;
Senior Center; Vote; Funding; Budget; Business With Which Associated; Non -
Profit Corporation.
This responds to your letter of January 12, 2000 by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (Ethics Act), 65
Pa.C.S. §1101 g eq., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough council
member who is also a member of a senior center that provides services in the borough
as to voting or participating in matters relating to the granting of funds to construct
a new senior center building, and the annual budget which provides for funding for the
senior center.
Facts: You are a Member of the Perkasie Borough Council. You are also Chair
of the Bucks County Area Agency on Aging Advisory Board, a Member of the
Southeast Regional Council of the Pennsylvania Council on Aging, and a Member of
the Attorney General's Task Force on Crimes Against Older People. In addition; you
have served on the Pennsylvania Council on Aging.
You are also Director and Member of the Executive Committee of the Bucks
County Association for Retired and Senior Citizens (BCARSC). BCARSC oversees the
operations of five Senior Centers in Bucks County, including grant applications and
compliance, and the administration of subcontracted state and federal services to area
older residents and personnel.
One of the five Senior Centers that BCARSC oversees is the Pennridge Senior
Center (Center) which serves nine municipalities including Perkasie Borough. You are
a Member of the Center, a Member of the Pennridge Senior Center Advisory Board
(Advisory Board), and President of the Pennridge Senior Center Association, Inc.
(Association). The Advisory Board and the Association support the Center by raising
money to keep it operational. As a Member of the Center, you attend only one or two
events a year in order to have a presence with the Membership.
Keenan, 00 -514
February 15, 2000
Page 2
All the organizations with which you are involved are non - profit organizations
chartered under State and Federal Rules. You derive no financial gain from your
involvement in any of the above activities. Other than meals and mileage which are
covered by the Pennsylvania State Boards, all other expenses, including your personal
expenses and postage related to your activities related to fund raising, are covered by
you.
Currently, you play a key part in raising money to build a new building to replace
the inadequate facility which serves the nine municipality Pennridge service area. As
a member of the public, you have attended municipal meetings at all nine municipalities
served by the Center, including Perkasie, to request building fund pledges covering a
three -year period.
You request an advisory as to the following questions.
1. As a Member of Borough Council, whether it would be ethical for you to
argue the case in support of funding at Perkasie Borough Council meetings;
2. As a Member of Borough Council, whether it would be ethical for you to
vote on the issue of granting building funds; and
3. As a Member of Borough Council, whether it would be ethical for you to
vote on the annual budget which would include a nominal grant of $500 for the
operation of the Center.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. § §1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the
requestor based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the
advisory based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission
does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as
to facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1).
An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed
all of the material facts.
As a Council Member for Perkasie Borough, you are a public official as that term
is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 1 103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
Keenan, 00 -514
February 15, 2000
Page 3
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. The term does not
include an action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the public official
or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1 103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 1 103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the
following procedure shall be employed. Any public official
or public employee who in the discharge of his official
duties would be required to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and,
prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be
unable to take any action on a matter before it because the
Keenan, 00 -514
February 15, 2000
Page 4
number of members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote
if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote
to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise
provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided
the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter,
pursuant to Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or
a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated. You are
further advised that the use of authority of office is more than the mere mechanics of
voting and encompasses all of the tasks needed to perform the functions of a given
position. See, Juliante, Order No. 809. Use of authority of office includes, for
example, discussing, conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular result.
Preliminarily, there is a factual question as to the relationship between the
Pennridge Senior Center (Center), Pennridge Senior Center Advisory Board (Advisory
Board) and Pennridge Senior Center Association, Inc. (Association). In particular, the
facts as submitted do not reveal whether the foregoing bodies comprise one or more
entities. In the absence of facts regarding the above, only general advice may be
given as to the applicability of Section 1103(a) and 1 103(f) of the Ethics Act.
If the Center, Advisory Board or Association would be a "business with which
you are associated" as that phrase is defined in the Ethics Act, pursuant to Section
1 103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would be prohibited from using the authority of your
office as a Member of Borough Council or any confidential information for the private
pecuniary benefit of such "business."
You state that you are merely a member of the Center and the Advisory Board.
Based upon your express factual representation that the Center or the Advisory Board
is a separate entity from the Association, and is not business in which you are a
director, officer, owner, employee or have a financial interest, neither of the foregoing
entities would be a business with which you are associated.
Keenan, 00 -514
February 15, 2000
Page 5
However, the Association is a "business" with which you, as its President, are
associated. As a corporation, the Association is clearly within that definition.
Moreover, the fact that the Association is a non - profit corporation would not disqualify
it as a "business." The word "or" toward the end of the definition of "business" is
disjunctive, and the repeated use of the word "any" precludes any interpretation that
the final phrase "legal entity organized for profit" modifies the initial word
"corporation ": "Any corporation, ... or any legal entity organized for profit." The
clear and unambiguous statutory language is that any corporation, including a non-
profit corporation, is a "business." Soltis- Sparano, Order No. 1045 at 31 (Citing,
Confidential Opinion, No. 89 -007; McConah', Opinion No. 96 -006). Since the
Association is a "business" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, it is clearly a
business with which you are associated in your capacity as President.
You state that the Association raises money to cover the operational costs of
Center. Apparently, one of the ways that the Association raises money is by seeking
funds from the Borough. Such funding would be a financial benefit to the Association.
You would have a conflict of interest in matters of the Association that would come
before Borough Council. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be
required to abstain from participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements
of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act as set forth above.
Your specific inquiries shall now be addressed.
As for your three questions regarding arguing in favor of funding, and voting on
granting building funds and the annual budget, you are advised that Section 1 103(a)
of the Ethics Act would prohibit you from participating in such activities to the extent
that your activities would result in a financial benefit to a business with which you are
associated. In such instances of a conflict, Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act must be
satisfied.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As a Council Member for Perkasie Borough, you are a public official
subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act (Ethics Act),
65 Pa.C.S. §1101 of seq. If the Pennridge Senior Center (Center), Pennridge Senior
Center Advisory Board (Advisory Board) or Pennridge Senior Center Association, Inc.
(Association) would be a "business with which you are associated" as that phrase is
defined in the Ethics Act, pursuant to Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would
be prohibited from using the authority of your office as a Member of Borough Council
or any confidential information for the private pecuniary benefit of such entities.
Based upon your express factual representation that the Center or the Advisory
Board is a separate entity from the Association, and is not business in which you are
a director, officer, owner, employee or have a financial interest, neither of the
foregoing entities would be a business with which you are associated. However, the
Association is a "business" with which you, as its President, are associated. You
would have a conflict of interest in matters of the Association that would come before
Borough Council. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to
abstain from participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section
1103(j) of the Ethics Act as set forth above.
Keenan, 00 -514
February 15, 2000
Page 6
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13. 2(h ). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
rely,
Vincent J. opko
Chief Counsel