HomeMy WebLinkAbout00-504 ConfidentialSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
January 20, 2000
FAX: (717) 787 - 0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e - mail: ethics @state.pa.us
00 -504
Re: Public Official /Public Employee; Solicitor; Retained /Employed; County; Private
Attorney; District Attorney; County Commissioners.
This responds to your letter of December 17, 1999, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a county solicitor who is retained by — as opposed to
being an employee of — the county, with regard to continuing to serve as the part -
time solicitor when a partner in her private law firm is the county's district attorney.
Facts: You are currently the part-time Solicitor for A County. You are also an
associate attorney at B Firm. In November 1999, one of the partners at B Firm was
elected District Attorney for A County, a part-time position. The District Attorney will
be sworn in on December 30, 1999 and take office on January 3, 2000.
On January 3, 2000, the County Commissioners will hold their reorganization
meeting. You anticipate that you will be reappointed as the County Solicitor.
You request a confidential advisory as to whether you would have a conflict of
interest in continuing to serve as the County Solicitor when a partner from your firm
is the County District Attorney.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1107(1 1) of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "the Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S.
§§1107(10), (1 1), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which
the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (11). An advisory only affords
a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In 1997, the status of Solicitors under the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Act ( "Ethics Act "), Act 93 of 1998, 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 e sea., was addressed by the
Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania.
In P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1997),
appeal pending, No. 0091 M.D. Appeal Docket 1997, the Commonwealth Court of
Confidential Advice, 00 -504
January 20, 2000
Page 2
Pennsylvania held, inter alia, that the conflict of interest provisions of the Ethics Act
do apply to solicitors who are public employees and are not just on retainer.
However, in C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, 698 A.2d 155 (Pa. Commw.
Ct. 1997), based upon an analysis of prior precedents including Ballou v. State Ethics
Commission, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A.2d 186 (1981), Maunus v. State Ethics
Commission, 518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324 (1988), and P.J.S v. State Ethics
Commission, 669 A.2d 1 105 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996), the Commonwealth Court of
Pennsylvania set forth its view that a municipal Solicitor who is retained by — as
opposed to being an employee of — the municipality is not a "public official" or "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act and is not subject to the conflict of interest
provisions of the Ethics Act. The Court stated:
... [T]his court pointed out in P.J.S. that the General Assembly did not
add or include "solicitors" in its definitions of "public employees" or
"public officials" whose conduct is regulated by section 3 of the Ethics
Act. Id. As such, this court stated that it could not conclude that it was
clearly the General Assembly's intent to include "solicitors," who are not
normally full -time public employees, but more like consultants, among the
class of persons required to comply with the regulations regarding ethical
and professional conduct under section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id.
Based upon our review of the pleadings in this case and our
analysis of Ba11ou, Maunus and P.J.S., we conclude that CPC's conduct
is not governed by the provisions of the Ethics Act and that he is not
subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission.
C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, supra, 698 A.2d at 159. The Court further stated,
in a footnote:
We note that on July 3, 1997, this court issued its decision in
P.J.S. v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 1997) (P.J.S. 11), this court reiterated that the conflict of
interest provisions of section 3 of the Ethics Act apply to solicitors who
are public employees and not just on retainer. P.J.S. was hired as a full -
time solicitor for the City of Erie, was placed on the City payroll, was
paid a salary and received the same benefits as other employees of the
City. Like the Commonwealth attorneys in Maunus, P.J.S.'s status with
the City was that of an employee rather than a consultant on retainer or
an independent contractor. Accordingly, this court determined that P.J.S.
was a public employee who was covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
The present case is distinguishable from P.J.S. 11 in that CPC is not
a full -time, salaried employee of the borough who receives the same
benefits as other borough employees. Rather, CPC is a legal advisor or
consultant on retainer to the borough. As such, his conduct is not
covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
Id., at Note 10.
The State Ethics Commission filed a Petition for Allowance of Appeal in the
C.P.C. case, which Petition was denied. See, 704 A.2d 640 (Pa. 1997).
Confidential Advice, 00 -504
January 20, 2000
Page 3
The facts which you have submitted do not indicate whether you as Solicitor
of A County, are hired as a (part-time) employee of the said governmental body, or are
retained as an appointed part -time non - employee solicitor. Assuming you are retained
as a part -time appointed non - employee attorney, based upon C.P.C., supra, you would
not be considered a "public official" or a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act
and specifically, the conflict of interest provision under Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics
Act.
However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of Financial Interests. 65
Pa.C.S. §1104(a); Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Therefore, you would be required to
file Statements of Financial Interests providing full disclosure as required by the Ethics
Act, each year the aforesaid position as Solicitor is held and the year following
termination of service in said position.
Moreover, it is the State Ethics Commission's view that every "person" is
subject to Section 1 103(b) of the Ethics Act. Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Section
1103(b) of the Ethics Act essentially provides that no "person" shall offer or give to
a public official, public employee, or nominee or candidate for public office, or to a
member of such an individual's immediate family, or to a business with which such an
individual is associated, anything of monetary value based upon the offeror's /donor's
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official, public
employee, or nominee or candidate for public office would be influenced thereby. The
State Ethics Commission has held that a Solicitor, though not himself a public
official /public employee, may not engage in such conduct in his capacity as a
"person." Foster, supra. Of course, reference is made to these provisions of the law
not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to
provide a complete response to your inquiry in light of the aforesaid developments in
case law.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: The facts which you have submitted do not indicate whether you
as Solicitor of A County, are hired as a (part-time) employee of the said governmental
body, or are retained as an appointed part -time non - employee solicitor. Assuming you
are retained as a part -time appointed non - employee attorney, based upon C.P.C.,
supra, you would not be considered a "public official" or a "public employee" subject
to the Ethics Act and specifically, the conflict of interest provision under Section
1 103(a) of the Ethics Act. However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of
Financial Interests pursuant to Sections 1104 and 1105 of the Ethics Act.
Furthermore, Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act applies to all "persons" including
"persons" who happen to be Solicitors, regardless of whether they are public
officials /public employees. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1 107(1 1), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Confidential Advice, 00 -504
January 20, 2000
Page 4
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
Vincent J. i opko
Chief Counsel