HomeMy WebLinkAbout00-501 NovajoskyPeter P. Novajosky
Council President
Municipal Building
801 -805 Boulevard Avenue
Dickson City, PA 18519
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
January 6, 2000
FAX: (717) 787 - 0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e - mail: ethics @state.pa.us
00 -501
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Borough; Council President; Vote; Appointing
Self; Compensation.
Dear Mr. Novajosky:
This responds to your letter of December 6, 1999 by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. §1101 et seQ., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a borough council
president as to voting to appoint himself to the compensated position of council
president where such an appointment would continue his salary at the current amount.
Facts: You currently serve as President of the Dickson City Borough Council.
You state that the salary of the Council President as set by the Borough Code is equal
to the salary of the mayor which is $4,000.00 annually. The salary of a Borough
Councilman is $1,600.00 annually. You ask whether you may vote to appoint yourself
to the position of Borough Council President at the upcoming reorganization meeting
in January 2000. You state that since you are currently the Council President, you
would not be receiving a salary increase.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1), advisories are issued to the
requestor based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the
advisory based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission
does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as
to facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1).
An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed
all of the material facts.
As President of the Dickson City Borough Council, you are a public official as
that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the provisions of
that Act.
Novajosky, 00 -501
January 6, 2000
Page 2
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 1 103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. The term does not
include an action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the public official
or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
65 Pa.C.S. § 1102.
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1 103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 1 103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the
following procedure shall be employed. Any public official
or public employee who in the discharge of his official
duties would be required to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and,
Novajoskv, 00 -501
January 6, 2000
Page 3
prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be
unable to take any action on a matter before it because the
number of members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote
if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote
to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise
provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided
the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter,
pursuant to Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or
a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Your specific inquiry shall now be addressed.
As for whether you may vote to appoint yourself to the compensated position
of Borough Council President, you are advised that the use of the authority of your
office as Borough Council President or confidential information obtained by you from
being in that position to vote to appoint yourself to the compensated position of
Borough Council President would transgress Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act. In
Snyder v. State Ethics Commission, 68 A.2d 843 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996), the
Commonwealth Court affirmed an Order of the State Ethics Commission which had
found that a township supervisor violated Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law by discussing
and voting on issues in which he had a private pecuniary interest. Further, in
Hessinger, Order 931, affirmed in part, R.H. and T.W. v. State Ethics Commission,
673, A.2d 1004 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996), the Commission held that a township
supervisor who voted to appeal an action filed by township supervisors challenging the
hourly rate of wages as a township employees, received a pecuniary benefit to the
extent that he was able to avoid a financial loss because the legal expenses for the
appellate litigation were paid for by the township. Similarly, your voting to appoint
Novajosky, 00 -501
January 6, 2000
Page 4
yourself to the position of President of Borough Council would prevent a financial Toss
in the nature of a salary decrease back to $1,600.00 annually. Such action would
constitute use of authority of office for a pecuniary benefit, contrary to Section
1 103(a) of the Ethics Act. Because you have a conflict of interest, you would be
required to abstain and observe the disclosure requirements of Section 1 103(j) of the
Ethics Act.
Having established the above principals, you are advised that not only would
Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act prohibit you from voting to appoint yourself, you
would also be precluded from participating in discussions related to that matter. This
is true because use of authority of office is moe than the mere mechanics of voting.
It encompasses all of the tasks need to perform the functions of a given position. See,
Juliante, Order No. 809. Use of authority of office includes, for example, discussing,
conferring with others, and lobbying for a particular benefit.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As President of the Dickson City Borough Council, you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics
Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 et seq. The use of the authority of your office as Borough
Council President or confidential information obtained by you from being in that
position to vote to appoint yourself to the position of Borough Council President would
transgress Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act. You would have a conflict of interest
because such action would result in a prohibited pecuniary benefit to you by
preventing a financial loss in the nature of a salary decrease back to $1,600.00
annually. In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain
from any participation and to publicly disclose your abstention and the reasons for the
same both orally and by filing a written memorandum with the person in charge of
recording the minutes.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1 107(1 1), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §1 3.2(h ). The appeal may be received at the
Novajoskv, 00 -501
January 6, 2000
Page 5
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
rely,
Vincent J. o
Vinc p ko
Chief Counsel