HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-634 ShirkKenelm L. Shirk, Ill
115 South State Street
Ephrata, PA 17522 -2412
Dear Mr. Shirk:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 8, 1999
Re: Public Official /Public Employee; Solicitor; Retained /Employed; Second Class
Township; Board of Supervisors.
This responds to your letter of November 4, 1999, by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a municipal solicitor who is retained by — as opposed
to being an employee of — the governmental body, with regard to appearing before
various entities of the municipality following termination of services as solicitor.
Facts: You state that you currently serve as the Solicitor to a Second Class
Township ( "Township "). The recent municipal elections have led you to believe that
your services as Solicitor will be terminated at the forthcoming January
reorganizational meeting of the Township.
You state that there are a number of issues concerning the ability of you and the
partners and associates of your firm to subsequently "appear before" various separate
entities of that Township within one year following the termination of your services
as Solicitor.
You ask for advice relating to the following issues:
1. Pursuant to the Pennsylvania Municipalities Planning Code, the Solicitor
to the Township's Zoning Hearing Board may not legally be the same as the Solicitor
to the Board of Supervisors. Since you are not the Solicitor to the Township's Zoning
Hearing Board, you ask if it is permissible for you to appear before and contest
proceedings relating to that governmental body within one year following termination
of your Solicitorship to the Board of Supervisors.
2. You seek clarification of the language, "represent a person. ..on a matter
before the governmental body" and ask the following: (a) whether it would be
considered inappropriate for you to represent and guide those having subdivision and
land development plans before the Board of Supervisors if you do not actually appear
before or enter your appearance associated with that matter in the Township; (b)
FAX: (717) 787 - 0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e - mail: ethics @state.pa.us
99 -634
Shirk, 99 -634
December 8, 1999
Page 2
whether you may give general legal advice regarding zoning and other matters in the
Township to potential clients who might have potential future business or
governmental dealings with the Township; and (c) whether you may represent criminal
defendants who are prosecuted by the Township's police or by the State Police for
crimes occurring in that Township.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1107(11) of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "the Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. ,
§§1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the facts which
the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts which the
requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an independent
investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not been
submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the material
facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1). An advisory only affords
a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material facts.
In 1997, the status of Solicitors under the Public Official and Employee Ethics
Act ("Ethics Act "), Act 93 of 1998, 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 gt seq., was addressed by the
Commonwealth Court of Pennsylvania.
In P.J.S. v. State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1997),
appeal pending, No. 0091 M.D. Appeal Docket 1997, the Commonwealth Court of
Pennsylvania held, inter Alta, that the conflict of interest provisions of the Ethics Act
do apply to solicitors who are public employees and are not just on retainer.
However, in C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, 698 A.2d 155 (Pa. Commw.
Ct. 1997), based upon an analysis of prior precedents including Ballou v. State Ethics
Commission, 496 Pa. 127, 436 A.2d 186 (1981), Maunus v. State Ethics
Commission, 518 Pa. 592, 544 A.2d 1324 (1988), and P.J.S v. State Ethics
Commission, 669 A.2d 1 105 (Pa. Commw. Ct. 1996), the Commonwealth Court of
Pennsylvania set forth its view that a municipal Solicitor who is retained by - as
opposed to being an employee of — the municipality is not a "public official" or "public
employee" as defined in the Ethics Act and is not subject to the conflict of interest
provisions of the Ethics Act. The Court stated:
... [T]his court pointed out in P.J.S. that the General Assembly did not
add or include "solicitors" in its definitions of "public employees" or
"public officials" whose conduct is regulated by section 3 of the Ethics
Act. Id. As such, this court stated that it could not conclude that it was
clearly the General Assembly's intent to include "solicitors," who are not
normally full -time public employees, but more like consultants, among the
class of persons required to comply with the regulations regarding ethical
and professional conduct under section 3 of the Ethics Act. Id.
Based upon our review of the pleadings in this case and our
analysis of Ballou, Maunus and P.J.S., we conclude that CPC's conduct
is not governed by the provisions of the Ethics Act and that he is not
subject to the jurisdiction of the Commission.
C.P.C. v. State Ethics Commission, supra, 698 A.2d at 159. The Court further stated,
in a footnote:
Shirk, 99 -634
December 8, 1999
Page 3
We note that on July 3, 1997, this court issued its decision in
P.J.S. v. Pennsylvania State Ethics Commission, 697 A.2d 286 (Pa.
Cmwlth. 1997) (P.J.S. //), this court reiterated that the conflict of
interest provisions of section 3 of the Ethics Act apply to solicitors who
are public employees and not just on retainer. P.J.S. was hired as a full -
time solicitor for the City of Erie, was placed on the City payroll, was
paid a salary and received the same benefits as other employees of the
City. Like the Commonwealth attorneys in Maunus, P.J.S.'s status with
the City was that of an employee rather than a consultant on retainer or
an independent contractor. Accordingly, this court determined that P.J.S.
was a public employee who was covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
The present case is distinguishable from P.J.S. // in that CPC is not
a full -time, salaried employee of the borough who receives the same
benefits as other borough employees. Rather, CPC is a legal advisor or
consultant on retainer to the borough. As such, his conduct is not
covered by section 3 of the Ethics Act.
Id.,., at Note 10.
The State Ethics Commission filed a Petition for Allowance of Appeal in the
C.P.C. case, which Petition was denied. See, 704 A.2d 640 (Pa. 1997).
The facts which you have submitted indicate that as Solicitor of a Second Class
Township, you are not an employee of the said governmental body, but rather are
retained. Therefore, based upon C.P.C., supra, you would not be considered a "public
official" or a "public employee" subject to the Ethics Act and specifically, Section
1103(g) of the Ethics Act.
However, all Solicitors are required to file Statements of Financial Interests. 65
Pa.C.S. §1104(a); Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Therefore, you would be required to
file Statements of Financial Interests providing full disclosure as required by the Ethics
Act, each year the aforesaid position as Solicitor is held and the year following
termination of service in said position.
Moreover, it is the State Ethics Commission's view that every "person" is
subject to Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act. Foster, Opinion No. 98 -002. Section
1103(b) of the Ethics Act essentially provides that no "person" shall offer or give to
a public official, public employee, or nominee or candidate for public office, or to a
member of such an individual's immediate family, or to a business with which such an
individual is associated, anything of monetary value based upon the offeror's /donor's
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official, public
employee, or nominee or candidate for public office would be influenced thereby. The
State Ethics Commission has held that a Solicitor, though not himself a public
official /public employee, may not engage in such conduct in his capacity as a
"person." Foster, supra. Of course, reference is made to these provisions of the law
not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to
provide a complete response to your inquiry in light of the aforesaid developments in
case law.
Based upon the above, your specific inquiries need not be addressed.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
Shirk, 99 -634
December 8, 1999
Page 4
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: Based upon the submitted facts that as Solicitor of a Second Class
Township, you are retained by — as opposed to being an employee of — a Second
Class Township, you would not be considered a public official /public employee subject
to the Ethics Act. Consequently, Section 1 103(g) of the Ethics Act would not apply
to you in the said capacity as Solicitor. However, all Solicitors are required to file
Statements of Financial Interests pursuant to Sections 1 104 and 1105 of the Ethics
Act. Furthermore, Section 1103(b) of the Ethics Act applies to all "persons" including
"persons" who happen to be Solicitors, regardless of whether they are public
officials /public employees. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1 107(1 1), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed`
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
Vincent J.
Chief Counsel