HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-619 BenkoBernard Benko
715 Dundaff Street
Dickson City, PA 18519
Dear Mr. Benko:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
October 13, 1999
99 -619
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; School Director; School Board; Private
Employment or Business; Bus Driver; Busing Contractor; Vote.
This responds to your letter received September 13, 1999 by which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. §1101 agg., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon a school director
with regard to accepting employment with the school district's busing contractor
where the school director would abstain from voting on matters pertaining to the
busing contractor.
Facts: As a School Director for the Mid Valley School District, you seek an
advisory from the State Ethics Commission.
You state that your term expires in December, 1999. You are interested in
driving a school bus for the School District's busing contractor, K.C. Jones, Inc.
You drove for K.C. Jones, Inc. prior to becoming a School Director; however,
since becoming a School Director, you have not worked for that contractor. Moreover,
the busing contract between K.C. Jones, Inc. and Mid Valley School District was
passed before you were elected to the School Board. The new contract will not come
before the School Board until the year 2000 when your term will have expired.
Noting that you only have 3 months left on the Board, you ask whether there
would be a conflict under the Ethics Act if you were to drive a bus for K.C. Jones, Inc.
now, if you would abstain from voting on any matter pertaining to that company.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1), advisories are issued to the
requestor based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the
advisory based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission
does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as
to facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1).
FAX: (717) 787 -0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e -mail: ethics@state.pa.us
Benko, 99 -619
October 13, 1999
Page 2
An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed
all of the material facts.
As a School Director for the Mid Valley School District, you are a public official
as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are subject to the provisions
of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. The term does not
include an action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the public official
or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
Benko, 99 -619
October 13, 1999
Page 3
In addition, Sections 1103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 1 103(j) of the Ethics Act provides:
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the
following procedure shall be .employed. Any public official
or public employee who in the discharge of his official
duties would be required to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and,
prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be
unable to take any action on a matter before it because the
number of members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote
if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote
to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise
provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided
the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry, you are
- advised that Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act does not prohibit public officials /public
employees from having outside business activities or employment; however, the public
official /public employee may not use the authority of his public position — or
confidential information obtained by being in that position — for the advancement of
his own private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is associated.
Pancoe, Opinion 89 -01 1. Examples of conduct that would be prohibited under Section
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October 13, 1999
Page 4
1103(a) would include: (1) the pursuit of a private business opportunity in the course
of public action, Metrick, Order No. 1037; (2) the use of governmental facilities, such
as governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research materials, or other
property, or the use of governmental personnel, to conduct private business activities,
Freind, Order No. 800; Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in an official capacity
as to matters involving the business with which the public official /public employee is
associated in his private capacity, such as the review /selection of its bids or proposals,
Gorman, Order No. 1041. .
If the private employer or business with which the public official /public
employee is associated would have a matter pending before the governmental body,
the public official /public employee would have a conflict of interest as to such matter.
Miller, Opinion No. 89 -024. In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public
official /public employee would be required to abstain from participation and to satisfy
the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j).
In Fletcher, Opinion 89 -018, the Commission considered whether the Ethics Act
would impose any restrictions upon a School Director with regard to being appointed
to a transportation committee and voting on transportation contracts when she was
employed as a bus driver by a contractor who transported students for the School
District. The Commission first determined that since the School Director was
employed by the contractor who transported the School District students, that was a
business with which she was associated. The Commission then concluded that the
School Director could not serve on the transportation committee, and that in the event
any matter concerning the business with which the School Director was associated or
any matter involving transportation of school students would come before the School
Board, she would be required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Act.
Applying Fletcher to the instant matter, upon assuming employment with K.C.
Jones, Inc., it would be a business with which you would be associated. In your
capacity as a School Director, you would have a conflict of interest in matters before
the School Board that would financially impact your employer, K.C. Jones, Inc. In
each instance of a conflict, you would be required to abstain and to satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the School Code.
Conclusion: As a School Director for the Mid Valley School District, you are a
public official subject to the provisions of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act
( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 at seq. Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would
not preclude you from accepting employment with the School District's busing
contractor, K.C. Jones, Inc., subject to the restrictions and qualifications as noted
above. In the event that K.C. Jones, Inc. would have matter(s) pending before the
School Board, then in your capacity as a School Director, you would be required to
abstain and satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the Ethics Act
set forth above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
Benko, 99 -619
October 13, 1999
Page 5
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h ). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent Dopko
Chief Counsel