HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-564 HarveySTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 30, 1999
David G. Harvey, Associate Director
Forest /Warren Dept. of Human Services
Forest County Branch Office
PO Box 523, Highland Street
Tionesta, PA 16353
FAX: (717) 787 - 0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e - mail: ethics @state.pa.us
99 -564
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; Associate Director; Bi- County Department of
Human Services; Immediate Family; Spouse; Program Director; Big Brothers /Big
Sisters; Contracting.
Dear Mr. Harvey:
This responds to your letter of May 21, 1999 by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65
Pa.C.S. §1101 et seg., presents any prohibition or restrictions upon an associate
director of a bi- county department of human services with regard to contracting
between one of the county's children and youth services and a private, non - profit
agency for services from its Big Brothers /Big Sisters program for which the associate
director's wife serves as program director.
Facts: As the Associate Director of the Forest /Warren Department of Human
Services, you seek an advisory from the State Ethics Commission regarding a potential
conflict of interest involving a fee for service contract between "Forest County
Children and Youth Services" and "Family Services and Children's Aid Society of
Venango County."
Forest County Children and Youth Services has been, and currently is,
contracting with Family Services and Children's Aid Society of Venango County on a
fee for service basis for services from their Venango /Forest Big Brothers /Big Sisters
Program. This contractual relationship has existed for five years, and you state that
it has been beneficial to Children and Youth Services clients, as well as the Children
and Youth Services Agency in meeting State and Agency goals. This history of
contractual agreements predates your very recent marriage to the Program Director of
the Venango /Forest Big Brothers /Big Sisters. This contractual agreement also predates
your wife's appointment to the position of Program Director of the Venango /Forest Big
Brothers /Big Sisters Program in December of 1996.
This fee for service contract is based upon a unit of service cost. You state that
as the Family Services and Children's Aid society is a private, nonprofit Agency, the
rate is simply its cost of providing service. This rate is determined by the Family
Harvey, 99 -564
June 30, 1999
Page 2
Service accounting staff, approved by the Executive Director of Family Services, Mr.
Bob Carone, and presented to you as the Associate Director for Forest County Children
and Youth Services. While you monitor the contract and approve the invoices, the
contract is signed by the Forest /Warren Department of Human Services Director,
currently Ms. Grace Zerbe.
You further state that your wife does not set the contract amount or unit of
service cost. Invoices are generated based upon hours of services rendered to children
in Forest County in the Big Brothers /Big Sisters Program.
You state that the Big Brothers /Big Sisters program has been instrumental in the
prevention of the placement of children in foster care as well as improved school
performance, truancy prevention and prevention of drug and alcohol abuse. You are
very interested in maintaining this service in Forest County and do not want the
service to be at risk due to a perceived conflict of interest.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and
1107(11) of the Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (11), advisories are issued to the
requestor based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the
advisory based upon the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission
does not engage in an independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as
to facts which have not been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully
disclose all of the material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1).
An advisory only affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed
all of the material facts.
As the Associate Director for the Forest /Warren Department of Human Services,
you are a public employee as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, and hence you are
subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. The term does not
include an action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the public official
Harvey, 99 -564
June 30, 1999
Page 3
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. The term shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as
one party and a public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary,
wage, retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters
in consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
In addition, Sections 1 103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide in part that
no person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 1 103(f) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(f) Contract. - -No public official or public employee or
his spouse or child or any business in which the person or
his spouse or child is associated shall enter into any
contract valued at $500 or more with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated or any subcontract valued at $500 or more with
Harvey, 99 -564
June 30, 1999
Page 4
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(f).
any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body with which the public official or public
employee is associated, unless the contract has been
awarded through an open and public process, including prior
public notice and subsequent public disclosure of all
proposals considered and contracts awarded. In such a
case, the public official or public employee shall not have
any supervisory or overall responsibility for the
implementation or administration of the contract. Any
contract or subcontract made in violation of this subsection
shall be voidable by a court of competent jurisdiction if the
suit is commenced within 90 days of the making of the
contract or subcontract.
Section 1 103(f) does not operate to make contracting with the governmental
body permissible where it is otherwise prohibited. Rather, where a public official /public
employee, his spouse or child, or a business with which he, his spouse or child is
associated, is otherwise appropriately contracting with the governmental body, or
subcontracting with any person who has been awarded a contract with the
governmental body, in an amount of $500.00 or more, Section 1 103(f) requires that
an "open and public process" be observed as to the contract with the governmental
body. Pursuant to Section 1 103(f), an "open and public process" includes:
(1) prior public notice of the employment or contracting possibility;
(2) sufficient time for a reasonable and prudent competitor /applicant to be
able to prepare and present an application or proposal;
(3) public disclosure of all applications or proposals considered; and
(4) public disclosure of the contract awarded and offered and accepted.
Section 1 103(f) of the Ethics Act also requires that the public official /employee
may not have any supervisory or overall responsibility as to the implementation or
administration of the contract with the governmental body.
Section 1 103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the
following procedure shall be employed. Any public official
or public employee who in the discharge of his official
duties would be required to vote on a matter that would
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and,
prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be
unable to take any action on a matter before it because the
Harvey, 99 -564
June 30, 1999
Page 5
number of members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote
if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote
to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise
provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In each instance of a conflict, Section 1103(j) requires the public
official /employee to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for
same, both orally and by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person
recording the minutes or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Act, then voting is permissible provided
the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to the instant matter,
pursuant to Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or
a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Based upon the facts which you have submitted, the Family Services and
Children Aid Society of Venango County would be considered a business with which
a member of your immediate family, specifically your spouse, is associated.
First, the definition of the term "business" as set forth in the Ethics Act is very
broad. Novak, Opinion No. 91 -009. The Family Services and Children's Aid Society
of Venango County would at least be an "organization" within that definition. Second,
the fact that the Family Services and Children's Aid Society of Venango County is a
non - profit organization would not disqualify it as a "business." The word "or" toward
the end of the definition of "business" is disjunctive, and the repeated use of the word
"any" precludes any interpretation that the final phrase "legal entity organized for
profit" modifies the preceding forms of entities in the list. See, Soltis - Sparano, Order
No. 1045 at 31 (Citing, Confidential Opinion, No. 89 -007; McConahy, Opinion No. 96
006). Since the Family Services and Children's Aid Society of Venango County is a
"business" as that term is defined in the Ethics Act, it is clearly a business with which
your spouse is associated in her capacity as its Program Director for the
Venango /Forest Big Brother /Big Sisters Program.
Regardless of the submitted fact that the rate charged by the Family Services
and Children's Aid Society of Venango County is simply its cost of providing this
service, you are advised that the payment for the services provided would constitute
a pecuniary benefit to that entity as a business with which your spouse is associated.
Even if a "profit" would not exist, the payments by your governmental body would
Harvey, 99 -564
June 30, 1999
Page 6
offset operating costs for your wife's employer, and that would constitute a pecuniary
benefit.
Based upon all of the above, it is clear that under Section 1103(a) of the Ethics
Act, you would have a conflict of interest in your capacity as the Associate Director
of the Forest /Warren Department of Human Services in matters involving contract(s)
with the Family Services and Children's Aid Society of Venango County. In each
instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from participation
(such as monitoring the contract(s) or approving the invoices), and you would further
be required to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1 103(j) as set forth
above.
So that there is no misunderstanding, let it be clear that the fact that you are
married to the Program Director of the Venango - Forest Big Brother /Big Sisters Program
would not preclude the continuation of the provision of such services in Forest County.
Rather, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would merely prohibit your involvement as
to such matters.
As for Section 1103(f), the requirements imposed by that Section as to
contracting /subcontracting involving your governmental body and your wife's employer
must be observed. Those requirements which pertain to an open and public process
and your inability to have any supervisory or overall . responsibility for the
implementation or administration of such contract(s) are as set forth above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act.
Conclusion: As the Associate Director of the Forest /Warren Department of
Human Services, you are a public employee subject to the provisions of the Public
Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101 sea. The
"Family Services and Children Aid Society of Venango County" would be considered
a business with which a member of your immediate family, specifically your spouse,
is associated. Under Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act, you would have a conflict of
interest in your capacity as the Associate Director of the Forest /Warren Department
of Human Services in matters involving contract(s) with the Family Services and
Children's Aid Society of Venango County. In each instance of a conflict of interest,
you would be required to abstain from participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure
requirements of Section 1 103(j) as set forth above. The fact that you are married to
the Program Director of the Venango- Forest Big Brother /Big Sisters Program would not
preclude the continuation of the provision of such services in Forest County. Rather,
Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act would merely prohibit your involvement in such
matters.
As for Section 1103(f), the requirements imposed by that Section as to
contracting /subcontracting involving your governmental body and your wife's employer
must be observed. Those requirements which pertain to an open and public process
and your inability to have any supervisory or overall responsibility for the
implementation or administration of such contract(s) are as set forth above. Lastly,
the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1 107(1 1), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
Harvey, 99 -564
June 30, 1999
Page 7
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A
personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
forma/ Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h ). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States Mail, delivery service, or by
FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the
Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of the
appeal.
erely,
incentVJ Dopko
Chief Counsel