HomeMy WebLinkAbout99-541 MartinLouis R. Martin
214 State Street
Harrisburg, PA 17101
Dear Mr. Martin:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
(717) 783 -1610
1- 800 - 932 -0936
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
April 20, 1999
FAX: (717) 787 -0806 • Web Site: www.ethics.state.pa.us • e -mail: ethics @state.pa.us
99 -541
Re: Conflict; Public Employee; Relocation Specialist; Pennsylvania Turnpike
Commission; Private Employment or Business.
This responds to your letter of March 22, 1999, by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a relocation specialist for the Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission
is prohibited or restricted by the Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "),
65 Pa.C.S. §1101 fig., from working with, being employed by or associated with
a business /person in a private capacity in addition to public service.
Facts: You are writing on behalf of Mr. John Frank (Frank), to request an
advisory regarding his interest in part -time evening and weekend employment with a
private consulting company. Frank is currently employed by the Pennsylvania Turnpike
Commission (PTC) wherein he works as a Relocation Specialist in the Legal
Department as to the acquisition and condemnation of property. Frank's area of
expertise is in the relocation or alternative appropriate compensation of owners of
residential, commercial or industrial property acquired or condemned by PTC. You
request an advisory on Frank's behalf pursuant to 65 Pa.C.S. §1107(11).
The private consulting company has approached Frank to obtain his
services as to a contract it has with the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation
(PennDOT) to perform turnkey acquisition, relocation and condemnation in relation to
the expansion of several existing highways in the Commonwealth. Frank's efforts
would be limited to contracts with PennDOT, local municipalities or utilities but not
with PTC. There is a possibility that the private consulting company coincidently would
have contracts to perform this type of work for PTC.
Frank seeks guidance as to whether he may work part -time in the evenings and
on weekends for theprivate consulting company performing consulting services for the
company on PennDOT contracts.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 1107(10) and (1 1) of the
Ethics Act, 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 Pa.C.S. §§1107(10), (1 1). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
Martin, 99 -541
Page
April 20, 1999
As a Relocation Specialist for PTC, Frank is a public employee as that term is
defined under the Ethics Act, and hence Frank is subject to the provisions of that Act.
Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act provides:
Section 1 103. Restricted activities.
(a) Conflict of interest. - -No public official or public
employee shall engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict
of interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(a).
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Act as follows:
Section 1102. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. The term does not
include an action having a de minimis economic impact or
which affects to the same degree a class consisting of the
general public or a subclass consisting of an industry,
occupation or other group which includes the public official
or public employee, a member of his immediate family or a
business with which he or a member of his immediate
family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
65 Pa.C.S. §1102.
Section 1 103(j) of the Ethics Act provides as follows:
Section 1103. Restricted activities.
(j) Voting conflict. - -Where voting conflicts are not
otherwise addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or
by any law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the
following procedure shall be employed. Any public official
or public employee who in the discharge of his official
duties would be required to vote on a matter that would
Martin,. 99 -541
April 20, 1999
Page 3
result in a conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and,
prior to the vote being taken, publicly announce and
disclose the nature of his interest as a public record in a
written memorandum filed with the person responsible for
recording the minutes of the meeting at which the vote is
taken, provided that whenever a governing body would be
unable to take any action on a matter before it because the
number of members of the body required to abstain from
voting under the provisions of this section makes the
majority or other legally required vote of approval
unattainable, then such members shall be permitted to vote
if disclosures are made as otherwise provided herein. In the
case of a three - member governing body of a political
subdivision, where one member has abstained from voting
as a result of a conflict of interest, and the remaining two
members of the governing body have cast opposing votes,
the member who has abstained shall be permitted to vote
to break the tie vote if disclosure is made as otherwise
provided herein.
65 Pa.C.S. §1103(j).
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Act to your inquiry, you are
advised that Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act does not prohibit public officials /public
employees from having outside business activities or employment; however, the public
official /public employee may not use the authority of his public position — or
confidential information obtained by being in that position — for the advancement of
his own private pecuniary benefit or that of a business with which he is associated.
Pancoe, Opinion 89 -01 1. Examples of conduct that would be prohibited under Section
1103(a) would include: (1) the pursuit of a rivate business opportunity in the course
of public action, Metrick, Order No. 1037; (2) the use of governmental facilities, such
as governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment, research materials, or other
pproperty, or the use of governmental personnel, to conduct private business activities,
Freind, Order No. 800; Pancoe, supra; and (3) the participation in an official capacity
as to matters involving the business with which the public official /public employee is
associated in his private capacity, such as the review /selection of its bids or proposals,
Gorman, Order No. 1041.
If the private employer or business with which the public official /public
employee is associated would have a matter pending before the governmental body,
the public official /public employee would have a conflict of interest as to such matter.
Miller, Opinion No. 89 -024. In each instance of a conflict of interest, the public
official /public employee would be required to abstain from participation and to satisfy
the disclosure requirements of Section 1 103(j).
Under the facts which you have submitted, Section 1103(a) of the Ethics Act
would not preclude Frank from outside employment /business activity subject to the
restrictions and qualifications as noted above.
This Advice is limited to addressing the applicability of Section 1 103(a) of the
Ethics Act. It is expressly assumed that there has been no use of authority of office
for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 1 103(a) of the Ethics Act.
Further, you are advised that Sections 1 103(b) and 1103(c) of the Ethics Act provide
in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee and no public
employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public employee would
be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to imply
that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide a
complete response to the question presented.
Martin, 99 -541
April 20, 1999
Page 4
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Act; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Act. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the State Adverse Interest Act.
Conclusion: As a Relocation Specialist for Pennsylvania Turnpike Commission, Frank
is a public employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Act. Section 1103(a) of the
Public Official and Employee Ethics Act ( "Ethics Act "), 65 Pa.C.S. §1101
would not preclude Frank from outside employment /business activity subject to the
restrictions and qualifications as noted above. In the event that the employer /business
would have matter(s) pending before his governmental body then Frank would be
required to abstain and to satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 1103(j) of the
Ethics Act set forth above. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been
addressed under the Ethics Act.
Pursuant to Section 1107(11), an Advice is a complete defense in any
enforcement proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith
conduct in any other civil or criminal proceeding, provided the requestor has disclosed
truthfully all the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the
Advice given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any
reason to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full
Commission. A personal appearance before the Commission will be
scheduled and a formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
An such appeal must be in writing and must be actually
r v at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this
Advice pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13. 2(h ). The appeal may be
received at the Commission by hand delivery, United States mail,
delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to
file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days may
result in the dismissal of the appeal.
S cerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel