HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-565 LevineJeffrey A. Levine, Esquire
Herlands & Rothenberg
Corner 8th Ave. and Church St.
P.O. Box 108
Carbondale, PA 18407
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
June 10, 1998
98 -565
Re: Conflict; Public Official /Employee; City; Third Class; Home Rule; Council
Member; Housing Authority; Appointment; HUD; Program; Applicant; Spouse;
Immediate Family.
Dear Mr. Levine:
This responds to your letters of May 5 and May 12, 1998 by which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon council members of a home rule charter city as to
voting or participating upon appointments to the housing authority, which administers
a program as to which council members who own properties have submitted
applications.
Facts: You are the Solicitor for the City of Carbondale (City). You have been
authorized by two Council members to request an Advice of Counsel from the State
Ethics Commission.
Carbondale is a third -class city, governed pursuant to a Home Rule Charter,
under which the Mayor, with the advice and consent of City Council, appoints the
members of the Housing Authority (Authority). The Authority is a separate entity, over
which the City has no direct influence, other than in appointing its members. One of
the Authority's responsibilities is the administration of the "HUD - Section 8" program.
As to the connection between the Council members and the Authority, you state:
"Members of City Council own properties for which applicants [sic] are accepted under
this program." Letter of Levine dated May 5, 1998. The spouse of one of the Council
members is also employed in an administrative capacity by the Authority.
You inquire as to whether the two Council members have a conflict in voting on
housing authority appointments.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
Levine, 98 -064
June 10, 1998
Page 2
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As members of the Council of the City of Carbondale, the two individuals are
public officials as that term is defined in the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law
( "Ethics Law "), and hence they are subject to the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
As to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official /public employee is
prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or confidential
information received by holding such a public position for the private pecuniary benefit
of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his immediate family, or
a business with which he or a member of his immediate family is associated.
Levine, 98 -064
June 10, 1998
Page 3
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
In each instance of a conflict, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee
to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and
by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes
or supervisor.
As to the Council member whose spouse is employed by the Authority, he
would not be precluded from participating in appointments just because his spouse is
an employee of the Authority since the Authority is a governmental body and not a
business with which his spouse is associated. See, Warso, Order 974. In general, the
two Council members would not have a conflict in participating in the process of
confirming appointments of Authority members assuming that the prospective
applicants are not members of their immediate family.
Examples of instances where Sections 3(a), (b) and (c) of the Ethics Law would
prohibiit such participation are as follow: using the authority of office so as to advance
or ensure that their applications for benefits as to their properties would be approved
by the Authority; or entering into any understanding with prospective appointees
whereby an appointment would be supported in return for the appointee approving an
application as to that Council member's property. It is not suggested that the Council
members would engage in such conduct. The above examples are set forth to illustrate
the application of the provisions of the Ethics Law.
Levine, 98 -064
June 10, 1998
Page 4
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the respective municipal code.
Conclusion: As members of the Council of the City of Carbondale, the two
individuals are public officials subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. The two
Council members may vote or participate upon appointments to the housing authority,
which administers a program as to which the two council members who own
properties have submitted applications, subject to the qualifications stated above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(111, this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal
appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will
be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the
Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code §13.2(h I. The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand
delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787-
0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel