HomeMy WebLinkAbout98-504 ShurgotSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
January 16, 1998
Stephen Shurgot
246 Morningside Avenue 98 -504
Wilmerding, PA 15148
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, Borough, Council Member, Employee,
Emergency Services Provider, Immediate Family, Spouse, Director, Non - Profit
Corporation, Business with which Associated.
Dear Mr. Shurgot:
This responds to your letter of December 15, 1997 by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a Borough Council Member with regard to an issue
involving the Borough's provision of space and utilities to an emergency services
provider, where the Council Member is employed by the emergency services provider
and his wife serves on its Board of Directors.
Facts: As a Council Member for Wilmerding Borough, Pennsylvania, you seek an
advisory from the State Ethics Commission.
You are a paid employee of Eastern Area Pre - Hospital Services (EAPS). EAPS
is a non - profit corporation that provides ambulance coverage to Wilmerding Borough.
You are the Supervisor of the Wilmerding Station.
EAPS is managed by a volunteer Board of Directors. You are not an officer of
EAPS. However, your wife serves on its Board Directors.
You anticipate that Council will be voting on whether the Borough should
continue to provide space and utilities to EAPS in the Borough building. You ask
whether you may vote on this issue given that you are employed by EAPS and your
wife is a member of its Board of Directors.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
Shurgot, 98 -504
January 16, 1998
Page 2
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(1 (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As a Council Member for Wilmerding Borough, you are a public official as that
term is defined in the Public. Official and Employe Ethics Law ( "Ethics Law "), and
hence you are subject To the provisions of that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions. -
"Conflict" or "conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which_ affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Immediate family." A parent, spouse, child, brother
or sister.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
Shurgot, 98 -504
January 16, 1998
Page 3
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
"Contract." An agreement or arrangement for the
acquisition, use or disposal by the Commonwealth or a
political subdivision of consulting or other services or of
supplies, materials, equipment, land or other personal or real
property. "Contract" shall not mean an agreement or
arrangement between the State or political subdivision as
one party and a public official or public employee as the
other party, concerning his expense, reimbursement, salary,
wage, retirement or other benefit, tenure or other matters
in consideration of his current public employment with the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(f) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(f) No public official or public employee or his
spouse or child or any business in which the person or his
spouse or child is associated shall enter into any contract
valued at $500 or more with the governmental body with
which the public official or public employee is associated or
any subcontract valued at $500 or more with any person
who has been awarded a contract with the governmental
body with which the public official or public employee is
associated, unless the contract has been awarded through
an open and public process, including prior public notice and
subsequent public disclosure of all proposals considered and
contracts awarded. In such a case, the public official or
public employee shall not have any supervisory or overall
responsibility for the implementation or administration of the
contract. Any contract or subcontract made in violation of
this subsection shall be voidable by a court of competent
jurisdiction if the suit is commenced within 90 days of the
making of the contract or subcontract.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Shurgot, 98 -504
January 16, 1998
Page 4
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
In each instance of a conflict, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee
to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and
by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes
or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Law, then voting is permissible provided
the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the circumstances which
you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official /public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated.
The definition of the term business ' as set forth in the Ethics Law is very
broad. Novak, Opinion No. 91 -009. As a corporation,
EAPS is clearly within that
definition. Moreover, the mere fact that EAPS is a non - profit corporation would not
disqualify it as a "business." The word "or" toward the end of the definition of
"business" is disjunctive, and the repeated use of the word "any" precludes any
interpretation that the final phrase "legal entity organized for profit" modifies the initial
word "corporation ": "Any corporation, ... or any legal entity organized for profit."
Shurgot, 98 -504
January 16, 1998
Page 5
65 P.S. § 402. The clear and unambiguous statutory language is that any corporation,
including a non - profit corporation, is a. "business." Soltis- Sparano, Order No. 1045
at 31 (Citing, Confidential Opinion, No. 89 -007; McConahy, Opinion No. 96 -006).
Since EAPS is a "business" as that term is defined in the Ethics Law, it is
clearly a business with which you and a member of your immediate family are
associated in your respective capacities as employee and officer.
The Borough's provision of space and utilities to . EAPS would result in a
financial benefit to EAPS, a business with which both you and your wife are
associated. Therefore, you would have a conflict of interest as to the Borough's
anticipated action on the issue of whether the Borough should continue to provide
space and utilities to EAPS in the Wilmerding Borough building.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from
participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth
above.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Borough Code.
Conclusion: As a Council Member for Wilmerding Borough, you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Eastern Area Pre- Hospital Services
(EAPS) is a business with which you, as an EAPS employee, and your wife, as a
Member of the EAPS Board of Directors, are associated. You would have a conflict
of interest as to the Borough's anticipated action on the issue of whether the Borough
'should continue to provide space and utilities to EAPS in the Wilmerding Borough
building.
In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required to abstain from
participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth
above.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal
appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will
be issued by the Commission.
Shurgot, 98 -504
January 16, 1998
Page 6
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the
Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code §13. 2(h ). The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand
delivery, United States mail; delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787-
0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
cerely,
\'
incent J,• ■opk
Chief Counsel