HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-637 HiltAndrew J. Hilt
257 North Street, Rear
Harrisburg, PA 17101
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Senate; Research Analyst II.
Dear Mr. Hilt:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
December 17, 1997
97 -637
This responds to your letter of November 17, 1997 by which you requested
advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law presents any
restrictions upon employment of a Research Analyst II following termination of service
with the Senate.
Facts: You were formerly employed by the Office of the Senate Democratic
Leader as a Research Analyst II. You left that position on August 27, 1997 after three
years. Your duties with the Senate were primarily to provide the Democratic Caucus
with census and other demographic data, GIS mapping services, and research. You
reported directly to Mark McKillop and had direct contact with Members of the Senate
on only one project. During that project you prepared sample County Council District
maps for Allegheny County to show the demographic impact of Senate Bill 882. You
presented those maps to Senators Bodack, Wagner, and Costa, and you attended 3 -5
meetings with those Senators to answer any questions concerning the maps.
You have now been retained as a Consultant to Keeping Women Hea /thy which
is seeking funding from the General Assembly for women's health and pregnancy
prevention services. Your duties are the planning and implementing of a grassroots
•campaign to get the funding, which includes the development and implementation of
a grassroots advocacy strategy, the drafting and production of campaign materials, the
formulation of message, and the coordination of statewide grassroots activities. The
groups involved in the campaign have the services of registered lobbyists. You state
that it is clear among those involved in the campaign that you are not expected to
engage in lobbying activities.
You pose the following specific inquiries:
aft, 97 -637
December 17, 1997
Page 2
1. If, in the course of developing or implementing the campaign strategies, a
legislator contacts you to ask questions or give input about the campaign,
would giving them the information or taking their input be considered lobbying?
2. Whether you may seek input from legislators on campaign strategy?
3. Whether you would be required to register as a lobbyist and, if so, what
restrictions would be placed upon you?
Discussion: In the former capacity as a Research Analyst II for the Senate
Democratic Leader, you would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Public
Official and Employe Ethics Law ( "Ethics Law ") and the Regulations of the State
Ethics Commission. See, 65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa.Code §11.1. This conclusion is based
upon the job description, which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly
that the power exists to take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature
with respect to one or more of the following: contracting; procurement; planning;
inspecting; administering or monitoring grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other
activities where the economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of
another person.
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law.
While Section 3(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public
official /public employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the
governmental body with which he has been associated ":
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public employee
shall represent a person, with promised or actual
compensation, on any matter before the governmental body
with which he has been associated for one year after he
leaves that body.
65 P.S. §403(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
Hllt, 97 -637
December 17, 1997
Page 3
65 P.S. §402.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public official or
employee is or has been appointed or elected and
subdivisions and offices within that governmental body.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes the former public
employee himself, Confidential Opinion 93 -005, and new governmental employers,
Ledebur, Opinion 95 -007, as well as businesses, clubs, organizations, and groups of
persons.
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name
of the former public official /public employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section 3(g)
also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official /public
employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination
of public service, Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing contract
does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name of the
former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the regulations
of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95-
011
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
,documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the public
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The public official /public employee may also counsel any person
regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once again,
however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former governmental
body. The Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude making general informational
inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is available to
the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the
former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
alt, 97 -637
December 17, 1997
Page 4
Section 3(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with regard
to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public
employee is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the
agency or other governmental body where the public official /public employee had
influence or control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House,
1989 Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion No. 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90-
009 -R.
The governmental body with which you have been associated upon termination
of public service is the Senate in its entirety. Therefore, for the first year after
termination of your service with the Senate, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law applies and
restricts "representation" of "persons" before the Senate.
Having set forth the restrictions of Section 3(g), your specific inquiries shall now
be considered. In response to your specific inquiries, you are advised that the State
Ethics Commission does not at this time have the statutory function of defining what
sorts of conduct constitute lobbying and /or to regulate or restrict lobbying activities
per se. However, pursuant to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law, you would be precluded
from representing your new employer before your former governmental body, the
Senate. Thus, you could not engage in representation of your new employer before
the Senate or individual Senators, regardless of who would initiate the contact, and
even if it would be for the purpose of providing information or accepting input on
behalf of your new employer.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 3(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no use
of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law. Further, you are advised that Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /public employee and no
public official /public employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based
upon the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public
official /public employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these
provisions of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression
thereof but merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: In the former capacity as a Research Analyst II for the Senate
Democratic Leader, you would be considered a "public employee" as defined in the
Ethics Law. Upon termination of service with the Senate, you became a "former
public employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former governmental
body is the Senate. The restrictions as to representation outlined above must be
followed. The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law.
11111, 97 -637
December 17, 1997
Page 5
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Law would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the
year after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
Sipp erely,
r
Vincent J. D pko
Chief Counsel