HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-618 WrightThomas F. Wright
Administrator
Local Cooperative Sanitation Council
550 Washington Road
Washington, PA 15301
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 1 71 08 -1 470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1 610
ADV CE OF COUNSEL
October 21, 1997
97 -618
Re: Public Official /Public Employee; FIS; Local Cooperative Sanitation Council;
Independent Contractor; Sewage Enforcement Officer.
Dear Mr. Wright:
This responds to your letters dated August 22, 1997 and August 28, 1997, and
to Norman T. George's letter dated September 10, 1997, pursuant to which you
requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether a Sewage Enforcement Officer (SEO) is considered a "public
official /public employee" subject to the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law and
the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission, and particularly, the requirements for
filing Statements of Financial Interests, where he: (1) is an appointed SEO for
individual townships, but is paid on the individual application basis on a self - employed
status; or (2) contracts to perform SEO services for a Local Cooperative Sanitation
Council formed by member municipalities.
Facts: You have been authorized by Norman T. George (George) to request an
advisory from the State Ethics Commission on his behalf. George is a Sewage
Enforcement Officer (SEO) with the Local Cooperative Sanitation Council (LCSC). The
LCSC is a local agency for 31 municipalities in Washington County. The LCSC
performs on -lot testing and permitting for each of the member municipalities.
The LCSC contracts with four SEO's under what you characterize to be an
"independent contract." You state that the SEO's are voted upon to become
"independent contractors" by the membership after an interview and recommendation
from the Administrator (you).
You have submitted copies of the following documents which are incorporated
herein by reference: minutes of the last regular meeting of the LCSC; the LCSC's By-
laws; the LCSC "Local Government Cooperative Agreement "; and the agreement by
Wright /George, 97 -618
October 21, 1997
Page 2
which the LCSC contracts with its Sewage Enforcement Officers. It is noted that per
the documents which you have submitted, the LCSC is a non - profit organization that
was created by various municipalities (boroughs and townships) to perform statutory
responsibilities of the member municipalities under the Sewage Facilities Act (Act 537
of 1966) and amendments thereto, and specifically to carry out and implement the
regulations of said Act with regard to sewage disposal in said municipalities.
It is further noted that the agreement between the LCSC and its SEO's provides
for the retention of the SEO for an indefinite period of time, and includes the following
provisions:
2. IT IS UNDERSTOOD and agreed that for all purposes the SEO shall
be considered an independent contractor and not for any purpose the
agent, employee, or servant of the LCSC. The SEO shall be responsible
for paying all of his or her state, federal and local tax, and the LCSC shall
not be responsible for withholding tax of any type. Furthermore, the
LCSC shall not be responsible for providing workers' compensation or for
making contributions to the unemployment compensation fund.
3. THE AGREEMENT can be terminated at any time, upon sixty (60)
days written notice, without cause, by either party.
You ask whether George, as an SEO who has contracted with the LCSC to
perform SEO services, is required to file Statements of Financial Interests, and if so,
whether he must file with every member municipality or only with the LCSC office.
George additionally asks whether he must also file a Statement of Financial
Interests with various other individual townships which he serves as an appointed
SEO, given that he is paid by these townships on the "individual application basis" on
a self - employed status.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
In determining whether Norman T. George (George), as a Sewage Enforcement
Officer (SEO) with individual townships and the LCSC, must file Statements of
Financial Interests pursuant to the Ethics Law, the threshold issue is whether in those
capacities, George is a "public official" or "public employee" subject to the Ethics Law.
The Ethics Law defines the terms "public employee" and "public official" as follows:
Wright /George, 97 -618
October 21, 1997
Page 3
65 P.S. §402.
Section 2. Definitions
"Public employee." Any individual employed by the
Commonwealth or a political subdivision who is responsible
for taking or recommending official action of a
nonministerial nature with regard to:
(1) contracting or procurement;
(2) administering or monitoring grants or
subsidies;
(3) planning or zoning;
(4) inspecting, licensing, regulating or
auditing any person; or
(5) any other activity where the official
action has an economic impact of
greater than a de minimis nature on the
interests of any person.
"Public employee" shall not include individuals who are
employed by the State or any political subdivision thereof in
teaching as distinguished from administrative duties.
"Public Official." Any person elected by the public or
elected or appointed by a governmental body, or an
appointed official in the Executive, Legislative or Judicial
Branch of the State or any political subdivision thereof,
provided that it shall not include members of advisory
boards that have no authority to expend public funds other
than reimbursement for personal expense, or to otherwise
exercise the power of the State or any political subdivision
thereof.
Typically, Sewage Enforcement Officers (SEO's) are appointed and /or employed,
and they are considered to be public officials /public employees subject to the Ethics
Law. See, Bartos, Order No. 995; 51 Pa.Code § 1 1.1 ( "public employee ").
There is no question that as to the Townships for which George serves as an
appointed SEO, George is to be considered a public official /public employee subject to
the Ethics Law. George is required to file a Statement of Financial Interests with each
such Township, each year that he holds the position and the year after termination of
service in the position. The particular compensation arrangement struck between the
Township and George as the SEO does not alter this conclusion.
Wright /George, 97 -618
October 21, 1997
Page 4
As for George's status with the LCSC, the analysis must necessarily begin with
a determination of the nature of the LCSC itself, in light of the statutory definitions set
forth in the Ethics Law as well as Commission precedent.
Under the facts which have been submitted, it is clear that the LCSC is a
"political subdivision" as defined in the Ethics Law:
Section 2. Definitions
"Political subdivision." Any county, city, borough,
incorporated town, township, school district, vocational
school, county institution district, and any authority, entity
or body organized by the afore - mentioned.
65 P.S. §402 (Emphasis added). The LCSC is clearly an entity or body which has
been organized by boroughs and townships. Therefore, the LCSC is a "political
subdivision."
Moreover, the LCSC is a political subdivision which was created specifically for
the purpose of performing governmental responsibilities. Those governmental
responsibilities are far from "purely advisory." As set forth in the documents which
you have submitted, the LCSC actually performs statutory responsibilities of the
member municipalities under the Sewage Facilities Act, which responsibilities have
been delegated by the municipalities to the LCSC.
Consequently, those who serve the LCSC are to be considered "public officials"
or "public employees" subject to the Ethics Law to the extent they fit within the
definitions of those terms set forth above.
The above conclusions follow the Commission's decision in Area Loan
Organizations Under Capital Loan Fund Act, Opinions Nos. 95 -006 and 95- 006 -R,
involving the Northwest Pennsylvania Regional Planning and Development Commission
(Northwest), which had been formed as a non - profit corporation by various political
subdivisions and which functioned as an area loan organization under the Capital Loan
Fund Act, 73 P.S. §394.1 et seq.. The State Ethics Commission held, inter alia, that
Northwest was a "political subdivision" as defined in the Ethics Law. The Commission
reasoned that the Regional Planning Commission was a political subdivision as defined
in the Ethics Law because it was formed by other political subdivisions. The
Commission further held that given Northwest's ability as an area loan organization to
disapprove applications for governmental loans, thereby effectively eliminating
applicants from that governmental loan program, it could not be viewed as a purely
advisory board. Consequently, the Commission held that Northwest's members were
"public officials" and that those of its employees who fit within the definition were
"public employees," subject to the Ethics Law and specifically the filing requirements
for Statements of Financial Interests. See, also, Flower, Opinion No. 80 -033.
As for whether George is a "public official" or "public employee" in his capacity
with the LCSC, the mere fact that his contract with the LCSC characterizes him to be,
for "all purposes," an independent contractor does not govern the determination of
George's status under the Ethics Law.
Wright /George, 97 -618
October 21, 1997
Page 5
Based upon the facts which you have submitted, the necessary conclusion is
that in voting to approve the selection of George as an SEO, the LCSC appointed him
to that position to perform a governmental function. Therefore, in his capacity as an
SEO for the LCSC, George is a public official /public employee subject to the Ethics Law
and he is specifically required to file Statements of Financial Interest.
Although a true independent contractor who performs limited services for a
particular project for a limited period of time is not to be viewed as a public
official /public employee subject to the Ethics Law, Rogers v. SEC, 470 A.2d 1 120
(1984), this arrangement between the LCSC and George as its SEO would not fall
within the independent contractor situation under the Rogers consultant exception.
The relationship between the LCSC and George as its SEO does not present the typical
"independent contractor" situation, where the independent contractor is awarded a
contract to perform limited services for a particular project for a limited period of time.
To the contrary, the agreement between the SEO's and the LCSC provides for an on-
going relationship for an indefinite period of time. Therefore, in his capacity as an SEO
for the LCSC, Norman T. George would be considered to be a public official /public
employee subject to the Ethics Law and specifically the requirements for filing
Statements of Financial Interests.
As for the filing location, since the LCSC is the political subdivision which
George serves, it is the proper filing location for his Statements of Financial Interests.
George need not file a separate Statement of Financial Interests with each of the
member municipalities that comprise the LCSC.
Since George is required to file separate Statements of Financial Interests at
each of the individual townships that he serves as SEO, it may be most convenient for
him to complete one form providing full disclosure for all of his various public
positions, to file the original form at one of the filing locations, and to provide a
photocopy of that same form to each of the other filing locations.
Conclusion: In each of his capacities as the appointed Sewage Enforcement
Officer for various individual townships, and as a Sewage Enforcement Officer (SEO)
for the Local Cooperative Sanitation Council (LCSC), Norman T. George (George) is a
public official /public employee subject to the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law
( "Ethics Law ") and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. Accordingly,
George must file a Statement of Financial Interests in each such capacity each year
that he holds such position and the year following his termination of such service. As
an SEO for individual townships, George is required to file the Statement of Financial
Interests form with each such township. As an SEO for the LCSC, George is required
to file the Statement of Financial Interests with the LCSC but he need not file it with
each member municipality.
If George has not already done so, his Statements of Financial Interests must
be filed within 30 days of this Advice.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
VVright /George, 97 -618
October 21, 1997
Page 6
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0805). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
cerely,
Vincent J . -Dopko
Chief Counsel