HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-602 GrubbRussell W. Grubb, P.E.
900 Country Lake Drive
Harrisburg, PA 17111
Dear Mr. Grubb:
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 31, 1997
97 -602
Re: Former Public Employee; Section 3(g); Maintenance Programs Engineer;
PennDOT.
This responds to your letter of July 15, 1997 by which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents any
restrictions upon employment of a Maintenance Programs Engineer following
termination of service with the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of
Transportation.
Facts: As of June 27, 1997, you retired from the Pennsylvania Department of
Transportation (PennDOT) where you were employed as a Maintenance Programs
Engineer in Engineering District 8 -0. You request an advisory as to what limitations
would be placed upon you under the Ethics Law as to your employment in the private
sector. You have submitted copies of your Job Specification, Job Description and
Organizational Chart which are incorporated herein by reference.
Discussion: In your former capacity as a Maintenance Programs Engineer for
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation ( PennDOT), you
would be considered a "public employee" subject to the Public Official and Employee
Ethics Law ( "Ethics Law ") and the Regulations of the State Ethics Commission. See,
65 P.S. §402; 51 Pa.Code §11.1. This conclusion is based upon the job description,
which when reviewed on an objective basis, indicates clearly that the power exists to
take or recommend official action of a non - ministerial nature with respect to one or
more of the following: contracting; procurement; planning; inspecting; administering
or monitoring grants; leasing; regulating; auditing; or other activities where the
economic impact is greater than de minimis on the interests of another person.
Grubb, 97 -602
July 31, 1997
Page 2
Consequently, upon termination of public service, you became a "former public
employee" subject to Section 3(g) of the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law.
While Section 3(g) does not prohibit a former public official /public employee
from accepting a position of employment, it does restrict the former public
official /public employee with regard to "representing" a "person" before "the
governmental body with which he has been associated ":
Section 3. Restricted activities.
(g) No former public official or public employee
shall represent a person, with promised or actual
compensation, on any matter before the governmental body
with which he has been associated for one year after he
leaves that body.
65 P.S. §403(g) (Emphasis added).
The terms "represent," "person," and "governmental body with which a public
official or public employee is or has been associated" are specifically defined in the
Ethics Law as follows:
65 P.S. §402.
Section 2. Definitions.
"Represent." To act on behalf of any other person in
any activity which includes, but is not limited to, the
following: personal appearances, negotiations, lobbying and
submitting bid or contract proposals which are signed by or
contain the name of a former public official or public
employee.
"Person." A business, governmental body, individual,
corporation, union, association, firm, partnership,
committee, club or other organization or group of persons.
"Governmental body with which a public official or
public employee is or has been associated." The
governmental body within State government or a political
subdivision by which the public official or employee is or
has been employed or to which the public official or
employee is or has been appointed or elected and
subdivisions and offices within that governmental body.
The term "Person" is very broadly defined. It includes the former public
employee himself, Confidential Opinion 93 -005, as well as a new governmental
employer. j.edebur, Opinion 95 -007.
Grubb, 97 -602
July 31, 1997
Page 3
The term "representation" is also broadly defined to prohibit acting on behalf of
any person in any activity. Examples of prohibited representation include: (1) personal
appearances before the former governmental body or bodies; (2) attempts to influence;
(3) submission of bid or contract proposals which are signed by or contain the name
of the former public official /employee; (4) participating in any matters before the
former governmental body as to acting on behalf of a person; and (5) lobbying.
Popovich, Opinion 89 -005.
Listing one's name as the person who will provide technical assistance on a
proposal, document, or bid, if submitted to or reviewed by the former governmental
body, constitutes an attempt to influence the former governmental body. Section 3(g)
also generally prohibits the inclusion of the name of a former public official /public
employee on invoices submitted by his new employer to the former governmental
body, even though the invoices pertain to a contract that existed prior to termination
of public service, Shay, Opinion 91 -012. However, if such a pre- existing contract
does not involve the unit where the former public employee worked, the name of the
former public employee may appear on routine invoices if required by the regulations
of the agency to which the billing is being submitted. Abrams/Webster, Opinion 95-
011.
A former public official /public employee may assist in the preparation of any
documents presented to his former governmental body. However, the public
official /public employee may not be identified on documents submitted to the former
governmental body. The public official /public employee may also counsel any person
regarding that person's appearance before his former governmental body. Once again,
however, the activity in this respect should not be revealed to the former governmental
body. The Ethics Law would not prohibit or preclude making general informational
inquiries to the former governmental body to secure information which is available to
the general public, but this must not be done in an effort to indirectly influence the
former governmental body or to otherwise make known to that body the
representation of, or work for the new employer.
Section 3(g) only restricts the former public official /public employee with regard
to representation before his former governmental body. The former public
official /public employee is not restricted as to representation before other agencies or
entities. However, the "governmental body with which a public official /public
employee is or has been associated" is not limited to the particular subdivision of the
agency or other governmental body where the public official /employee had influence
or control but extends to the entire body. See, Legislative Journal of House, 1989
Session, No. 15 at 290, 291; Sirolli, Opinion No. 90 -006; Sharp, Opinion 90- 009 -R.
The governmental body with which you were associated upon termination of
public service is PennDOT in its entirety, including but not limited to Engineering
District 8 -0. Therefore, for the first year after termination of your service with
PennDOT, Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law would apply and restrict "representation" of
"persons" before PennDOT.
Based upon the facts which have been submitted, this Advice has addressed the
applicability of Section 3(g) only. It is expressly assumed that there has been no use
of authority of office for a private pecuniary benefit as prohibited by Section 3(a) of
the Ethics Law. Further, you are advised that Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law
provide in part that no person shall offer to a public official /employee and no public
Grubb, 97 -602
July 31, 1997
Page 4
official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon the
understanding that the vote, official action, or judgment of the public official /employee
would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions of the law not to
imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but merely to provide
a complete response to the question presented.
Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the
Ethics Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other
code of conduct other than the Ethics Act has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law.
Conclusion: In your former capacity as a Maintenance Programs Engineer for
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Transportation (PennDOT), you
would be considered a "public employee" as defined in the Ethics Law. Upon
termination of service with PennDOT, you would become a "former public employee"
subject to Section 3(g) of the Ethics Law. The former governmental body is PennDOT
in its entirety, including but not limited to Engineering District 8 -0. The restrictions as
to representation outlined above must be followed. The propriety of the proposed
conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Further, should service be terminated, as outlined above, the Ethics Law would
require that a Statement of Financial Interests be filed by no later than May 1 of the
year after termination of service.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal
appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will
be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the
Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand
delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787-
0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
cerely,
Vincent J. opko
Chief Counsel