HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-596 ConfidentialSTATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
July 23, 1997
97 -596
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County Commissioner, Attorney, Practicing
Before County Court of Common Pleas.
This responds to your letter of June 20, 1997 by which you requested a
confidential advisory from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employe Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a County Commissioner, who in a private capacity is
an attorney, as to his practice of law before that County's Court of Common Pleas.
Facts: As a Member and Chairman of the Board of County Commissioners in
County A, you request a confidential advisory from the State Ethics Commission.
In a private capacity, you are an attorney licensed to practice law in
Pennsylvania and New Jersey, and you continue to maintain a general practice of law
in County A. Your contact with the Court of Common Pleas in County A has been
extremely limited. You state that you are not aware of any prohibition to your
practicing law before the Court of Common Pleas in County A, but you seek an
advisory from this Commission to confirm that neither the Ethics Law nor any other
Act or Regulation of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania or the Pennsylvania Supreme
Court, would bar your representation of any client before the Court of Common Pleas
in County A.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As a Commissioner for County A, you a public official as that term is defined
under the Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to the provisions of that law.
Confidential Advice of Counsel, 97 -596
July 23, 1997
Page 2
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Confidential Advice of Counsel, 97 -596
July 23, 1997
Page 3
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
In each instance of a conflict, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee
to abstain and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and
by filing a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes
or supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Law, then voting is permissible provided
the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See, Maker, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the circumstances which
you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official /public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. Your law practice is a business with which you are associated.
Furthermore, it is noted that a private pecuniary benefit to a business client may
form the basis for a conflict of interest. Miller, Opinion No. 89 -024; Kannebecker,
Opinion No. 92 -010.
Section 3(a) would apply to restrict your conduct in your capacity as a County
Commissioner. Pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, it would be impermissible,
for example, for you as a County Commissioner to use the authority of that public
Confidential Advice of Counsel, 97 -596
July 23, 1997
Page 4
position or confidential information to which you have access by being in that position
for a private pecuniary benefit for your legal client(s). In each instance of a conflict
of interest, you would be required to abstain from participation and to fully satisfy the
disclosure requirements of Section 3(j) as set forth above.
However, in your capacity as a lawyer, Section 3(a) would not apply to restrict
you as to practicing before the County A Court of Common Pleas. Where an attorney
purports to render professional legal services to a client, his conduct is regulated by
the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and not by this Commission. Pennsylvania Public
Utility Commission Bar Association v. Thornburgh, 434 A.2d 1327 (Pa. Commw. Ct.
1981), aff'd. gar curiam, 498 Pa. 589, 450 A.2d 613 (1982).
To the extent you have requested an advisory from this Commission not only
as to the Ethics Law, but also as to any other Act or Regulation of the Commonwealth
of Pennsylvania or the Pennsylvania Supreme Court, you are advised that the State
Ethics Commission does not have the jurisdiction to issue advisories as to Acts other
than the Ethics Law or as to Regulations other than its own.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the County Code or the Rules of Professional Conduct.
Conclusion: As a Commissioner for County A, you are a public official subject
to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, in
your capacity as a County Commissioner, you may not use the authority of your public
position or confidential information to which you have access by being in that position
for a prohibited private pecuniary benefit, such as to yourself, your law practice, and /or
your legal client(s). In each instance of a conflict of interest, you would be required
to abstain from participation and to fully satisfy the disclosure requirements of Section
3(j) as set forth above. Section 3(a) would not apply to restrict you in your capacity
as a lawyer as to practicing before the County A Court of Common Pleas, insofar as
your conduct would involve the rendering of professional legal services to a client.
Where an attorney purports to render professional legal services to a client, his
conduct is subject to regulation by the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and not by this
Commission. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason to
challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission. A personal
appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a formal Opinion will
be issued by the Commission.
Confidential Advice of Counsel, 97 -596
July 23, 1997
Page 5
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received at the
Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice pursuant to 51
Pa. Code § 13.2(h) The appeal may be received at the Commission by hand
delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or by FAX transmission (717 -787-
0806). Failure to file such an appeal at the Commission within thirty (30) days
may result in the dismissal of the appeal.
Sincerely,
Vincent .1: Dopko
Chief Counsel