HomeMy WebLinkAbout97-519 KaiserRepresentative Ralph Kaiser
122 Koegler Avenue
Pittsburgh, PA 15227
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
February 7, 1997
97 -519
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, House of Representatives, State
Representative, Part-time Employment, Investment Advisor.
Dear Representative Kaiser:
This responds to your undated letter which was received on January 7, 1997
in which you requested advice from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a State Representative from being employed in a part -
time capacity by an investment advisor.
Facts: As State Representative for the 41st District, you request an advisory
from the State Ethics Commission about your securing a part-time position with a firm
as a registered investment advisor. You will be compensated for your efforts to secure
accounts. The firm seeks to achieve the specific investment objectives of each client
through active portfolio management. If you decide to accept employment with this
firm, you state that you will not solicit business from the Commonwealth while serving
in the House of Representatives.
You request a ruling as to whether your potential part-time employment with the
investment advisor would constitute a conflict of interest under the Ethics Law for you
as a legislator.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(1 1) of the
Ethics Law, 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based
upon the facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon
the facts which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
Kaiser, 97 -519
February 7, 1997
Page 2
As State Representative for the 41st District, you are a public official as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to the provisions of
that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
"Financial interest." Any financial interest in a legal
entity engaged in business for profit which comprises more
than 5% of the equity of the business or more than 5% of
the assets of the economic interest in indebtedness.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Kaiser, 97 -519
February 7, 1997
Page 3
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing
a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the instant matter, it is
noted that Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law does not prohibit public officials /employees
from outside business activities or employment; however, the public official /employee
may not use the authority of office for the advancement of his own private pecuniary
benefit or that of a business with which he is associated. Pancoe, Opinion 89 -01 1.
A public official /employee must exercise caution so that his private business activities
do not conflict with his public duties. Crisci, Opinion 89 -013. Thus, a public
official /employee could not perform private business using governmental facilities or
personnel. In particular, the governmental telephones, postage, staff, equipment,
research materials, personnel or any other property could not be used as a means, in
whole or part, to carry out private business activities. In addition, the public
official /employee could not during government working hours, solicit or promote such
business activity. Pancoe, supra. Similarly, Section 3(a) would expressly prohibit the
use of confidential information received by holding public office/ employment for such
a prohibited private pecuniary benefit. Again, it is not suggested that you would
engage in such use of office; the above is detailed to provide a complete response to
your advisory request.
Kaiser, 97 -519
February 7, 1997
Page 4
Subject to the restrictions noted above, you may under Section 3(a) of the
Ethics Law engage in the private business activity as a part -time registered investment
advisor.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the Legislative Code of Conduct.
Conclusion: As State Representative for the 41st District, you are a public
official subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. Subject to the restrictions and
qualifications noted above, you may under Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law engage in
the private business activity as a part-time registered investment advisor. Lastly, the
propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(1 1), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
by FAX transmission (717- 787 - 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
cerely,
Vincent Dopko
Chief Counsel