HomeMy WebLinkAbout96-589 McConahySidney M. McConahy
Communications Supervisor
Mifflin County Emergency Services
20 North Wayne Street
Lewistown, PA 17044
STATE ETHICS COMMISSION
309 FINANCE BUILDING
P.O. BOX 11470
HARRISBURG, PA 17108 -1470
TELEPHONE (717) 783 -1610
ADVICE OF COUNSEL
September 10, 1996
96 -589
Re: Conflict, Public Official /Employee, County, 9 -1 -1 Emergency Service Center,
Communications Supervisor, Telecommunicator, Emergency Medical Technician,
Business With Which Associated, Not - For - Profit Emergency Provider,
Ambulance Service.
Dear Mr. McConahy:
This responds to your letter of August 12, 1996 in which you requested advice
from the State Ethics Commission.
Issue: Whether the Public Official and Employee Ethics Law presents any
prohibition or restrictions upon a Communications Supervisor /Telecommunicator for
a County 9 -1 -1 Emergency Communications Center, who in his private capacity is both
a paid and a volunteer Emergency Medical Technician for three not - for - profit
emergency providers that are dispatched by the telecommunicators at the 9 -1 -1
Center.
Facts: As a Communications Supervisor /Telecommunicator for Mifflin County's
9 -1 -1 Emergency Communications Center, you request an advisory from the State
Ethics Commission.
Mifflin County runs an Emergency Communications Center (9 -1 -1 Center) which
dispatches emergency vehicles. The 9 -1 -1 system is in the process of being enhanced
with computerization of names, addresses, telephone numbers, mapping and response
jurisdictions.
In addition to your position as Communications Supervisor /Telecommunicator
for the County's 9 -1 -1 Center, you also work as an Emergency Medical Technician
(EMT) for three not - for - profit emergency providers within the County. You are paid
$7 per hour by two of these providers, but you are a volunteer receiving no
remuneration from the third. The Mifflin County 9 -1 -1 Center dispatches all
McConahv, 96 -589
September 10, 1996
Page 2
emergency services in Mifflin County, including these three emergency service
providers that you serve as an EMT.
The 9 -1 -1 Center's telecommunicators are responsible for taking information and
dispatching the appropriate unit(s). You state that when a telecommunicator receives
a 9 -1 -1 call, he obtains the name, location, telephone number, and the nature of the
incident. A recommendation block then appears on the computer screen indicating
which units are appropriate for dispatch. There may be more than one appropriate unit
to send, and the telecommunicator may choose from the listed units or may manually
override the computer and choose another unit. You state that the practice of
manually overriding the system is not generally condoned and must be justified.
Your specific question is whether a conflict of interest may exist if you continue
to dispatch the emergency service providers which you serve as an EMT.
Discussion: It is initially noted that pursuant to Sections 7(10) and 7(11) of the Ethics
Law, 65 P.S. § §407(10), (11), advisories are issued to the requestor based upon the
facts which the requestor has submitted. In issuing the advisory based upon the facts
which the requestor has submitted, the Commission does not engage in an
independent investigation of the facts, nor does it speculate as to facts which have not
been submitted. It is the burden of the requestor to truthfully disclose all of the
material facts relevant to the inquiry. 65 P.S. §§407(10), (11). An advisory only
affords a defense to the extent the requestor has truthfully disclosed all of the material
facts.
As a Communications Supervisor /Telecommunicator for Mifflin County's
Emergency Communications Center (9 -1 -1 Center), you are a public employee as that
term is defined under the Ethics Law, and hence you are subject to the provisions of
that law.
Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law provides:
Section 3. Restricted Activities.
(a) No public official or public employee shall
engage in conduct that constitutes a conflict of interest.
The following terms are defined in the Ethics Law as follows:
Section 2. Definitions.
"Conflict or conflict of interest." Use by a public
official or public employee of the authority of his office or
employment or any confidential information received
through his holding public office or employment for the
private pecuniary benefit of himself, a member of his
immediate family or a business with which he or a member
of his immediate family is associated. "Conflict" or
"conflict of interest" does not include an action having a de
minimis economic impact or which affects to the same
degree a class consisting of the general public or a subclass
consisting of an industry, occupation or other group which
McConahv, 96 -589
September 10, 1996
Page 3
includes the public official or public employee, a member of
his immediate family or a business with which he or a
member of his immediate family is associated.
"Authority of office or employment." The actual
power provided by law, the exercise of which is necessary
to the performance of duties and responsibilities unique to
a particular public office or position of public employment.
"Business." Any corporation, partnership, sole
proprietorship, firm, enterprise, franchise, association,
organization, self - employed individual, holding company,
joint stock company, receivership, trust or any legal entity
organized for profit.
"Business with which he is associated." Any
business in which the person or a member of the person's
immediate family is a director, officer, owner, employee or
has a financial interest.
In addition, Sections 3(b) and 3(c) of the Ethics Law provide in part that no
person shall offer to a public official /employee anything of monetary value and no
public official /employee shall solicit or accept anything of monetary value based upon
the understanding that the vote, official action, or judgement of the public
official /employee would be influenced thereby. Reference is made to these provisions
of the law not to imply that there has been or will be any transgression thereof but
merely to provide a complete response to the question presented.
Section 3(j) of the Ethics Law provides as follows:
Section 3. Restricted activities
(j) Where voting conflicts are not otherwise
addressed by the Constitution of Pennsylvania or by any
law, rule, regulation, order or ordinance, the following
procedure shall be employed. Any public official or public
employee who in the discharge of his official duties would
be required to vote on a matter that would result in a
conflict of interest shall abstain from voting and, prior to the
vote being taken, publicly announce and disclose the nature
of his interest, as a public record in a written memorandum
filed with the person responsible for recording the minutes
of the meeting at which the vote is taken, provided that
whenever a governing body would be unable to take any
action on a matter before it because the number of
members of the body required to abstain from voting under
the provisions of this section makes the majority or other
legally required vote of approval unattainable, then such
members shall be permitted to vote if disclosures are made
as otherwise provided herein. In the case of a three -
member governing body of a political subdivision, where
one member has abstained from voting as a result of a
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September 10, 1996
Page 4
conflict of interest, and the remaining two members of the
governing body have cast opposing votes, the member who
has abstained shall be permitted to vote to break the tie
vote if disclosure is made as otherwise provided herein.
If a conflict exists, Section 3(j) requires the public official /employee to abstain
and to publicly disclose the abstention and reasons for same, both orally and by filing
a written memorandum to that effect with the person recording the minutes or
supervisor.
In the event that the required abstention results in the inability of the
governmental body to take action because a majority is unattainable due to the.
abstention(s) from conflict under the Ethics Law, then in that event participation is
permissible provided the disclosure requirements noted above are followed. See,
Mlakar, Advice 91- 523 -S.
In applying the above provisions of the Ethics Law to the circumstances which
you have submitted, pursuant to Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law, a public official /public
employee is prohibited from using the authority of public office /employment or
confidential information received by holding such a public position for the private
pecuniary benefit of the public official /public employee himself, any member of his
immediate family, or a business with which he or a member of his immediate family
is associated. Furthermore, Section 3(a) prohibits the use of the authority of the public
position — or confidential information received by being in that position — to the
detriment of business competitors. See, Pepper, Opinion 87 -008.
The first matter for consideration is whether the three not - for - profit emergency
service providers which you serve as an EMT are "businesses with which you are
associated," as defined in the Ethics Law. Although you have not expressly so stated,
it is assumed that these entities are non - profit corporations.
The emergency services provider for which you provide volunteer services as
an EMT would not be within the definition of "business with which associated,"
conditioned upon the assumption that you hold no qualifying status with that entity,
such as an officer position. However, you are an employee of the other two providers,
which status is within the definition. Furthermore, the Commission has held that a
non - profit corporation is within the definition of "business" as set forth in the Ethics
Law. Confidential Opinion, 89 -007. Thus, the two providers which you serve as a
paid EMT are "businesses" and by virtue of your employment relationship, they are
businesses with which you are associated.
It would appear that conflicts of interest would arise routinely for you as to the
two providers which are businesses with which you are associated. As a
telecommunicator, you would necessarily have to make instant decisions to dispatch
service providers for emergency services. In situations where these particular
providers would be dispatched by you, whether as suggested by the computer or
through an override of the computer, a conflict of interest would potentially exist. In
dispatching these providers to provide ambulance services, you would be using the
authority of your public employment and there would be a private pecuniary benefit
in the nature of fees for such services resulting to the providers who are your private
employers.
JVlcConahy, 96 -589
September 10, 1996
Page 5
Certainly, the requirements imposed by the Ethics Law in conflict of interest
situations — which in this case would include abstention and filing a written
memorandum with the supervisor — could present special practical and logistical
problems given the emergency nature of the services and the immediate action
required of a telecommunicator. It may be that meeting the requirements of the Ethics
Law would impact upon your ability to function in the job. Nevertheless, these are the
requirements.
The propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed under the Ethics
Law; the applicability of any other statute, code, ordinance, regulation or other code
of conduct other than the Ethics Law has not been considered in that they do not
involve an interpretation of the Ethics Law. Specifically not addressed herein is the
applicability of the County Code.
Conclusion: As a Communications Supervisor /Telecommunicator for Mifflin
County's Emergency Communications Center (9 -1 -1 Center), you are a public
employee subject to the provisions of the Ethics Law. You may not use the authority
of your public position as Communications Supervisor /Telecommunicator for the
private pecuniary benefit of yourself, a member of your immediate family or a business
with which you or a member of your immediate family is associated. The two
emergency services providers which pay you as an EMT, which are assumed to be
non - profit corporations, are businesses with which you are associated. The third
emergency services provider for which you provide volunteer services and by which
you are not compensated is not a business with which you are associated, conditioned
upon the assumption that there is no other qualifying relationship between you and
that entity, such as would exist if you would hold an officer position with it. The
dispatching of an emergency service provider with which you are associated to provide
emergency services would place you in potential conflict of interest situations, at risk
of transgressing Section 3(a) of the Ethics Law. In each instance of a conflict of
interest, you would be required to abstain and to file a written memorandum with your
supervisor. Lastly, the propriety of the proposed conduct has only been addressed
under the Ethics Law.
Pursuant to Section 7(11), this Advice is a complete defense in any enforcement
proceeding initiated by the Commission, and evidence of good faith conduct in any
other civil or criminal proceeding, providing the requestor has disclosed truthfully all
the material facts and committed the acts complained of in reliance on the Advice
given.
This letter is a public record and will be made available as such.
Finally, if you disagree with this Advice or if you have any reason
to challenge same, you may appeal the Advice to the full Commission.
A personal appearance before the Commission will be scheduled and a
formal Opinion will be issued by the Commission.
Any such appeal must be in writing and must be actually received
at the Commission within thirty (30) days of the date of this Advice
pursuant to 51 Pa. Code §13.2(h). The appeal may be received at the
Commission by hand delivery, United States mail, delivery service, or
McConahv, 96 -589
September 10, 1996
Page 6
by FAX transmission (717 -787- 0806). Failure to file such an appeal at
the Commission within thirty (30) days may result in the dismissal of
the appeal.
'ncerely,
Vincent J. Dopko
Chief Counsel